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Odd-even effect of the mosaic modulation period of quasiperiodic hopping on the Anderson localization in a one-dimensional lattice model

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Physical Review B 2025年第6期111卷 064201-064201页

作者： Yi-Cai Zhang Rong Yuan Shuwei Song Mingpeng Hu Chaofei Liu Yongjian Wang School of Physics and Materials Science Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China School of Mathematical Sciences Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems MOE Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Control Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150080 China School of Science Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China

In this study, we investigate Anderson localization in a one-dimensional lattice with mosaic off-diagonal quasiperiodic hopping. Our findings reveal that the localization behavior of zero-energy states is highly dependent on the parity of the mosaic modulation period, denoted as κ. Specifically, when κ is an odd integer, there is no Anderson localization transition even for large quasiperiodic hopping strengths, and the zero-energy state remains in a critical state. On the other hand, for an even κ and generic quasiperiodic hopping, the zero-energy state becomes a localized edge state at either the left or right end of the system. Additionally, we observe that the geometric mean value of the energy spectrum is equal to the constant hopping for an even κ, while for an odd κ, it is equal to the geometric mean value of the hopping. This odd-even effect of the mosaic period also extends to other eigenstates near zero energy. More specifically, for an odd κ, an energy window in which the eigenstates remain critical even for strong quasiperiodic hopping exists. In contrast, for an even κ, an Anderson localization transition occurs as the hopping strength increases. Furthermore, we are able to accurately determine the Lyapunov exponent γ(E) and the mobility edges Ec. By analyzing the Lyapunov exponent, we identify critical regions in the hopping-energy parameter planes. Additionally, as the energy approaches the mobility edges, we observe a critical index of the localization length of ν=1. Finally, we demonstrate that different systems can be characterized by their Lyapunov exponent γ(E) and Avila's acceleration ω(E).

关键词： Lyapunov methods

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Unraveling tensor structures in correct-by-design controller synthesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Ruohan Sun, Zhiyong Haesaert, Sofie Department of Electrical Engineering Control Systems Group Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing China

Formal safety guarantees on the synthesis of controllers for stochastic systems can be obtained using correct-by-design approaches. These approaches often use abstractions as finite-state Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). As the state space of these MDPs grows, the curse of dimensionality makes the computational and memory cost of the probabilistic guarantees, quantified with dynamic programming, scale exponentially. In this work, we leverage decoupled dynamics and unravel, via dynamic programming operations, a tree structure in the Canonical Polyadic Decomposition (CPD) of the value functions. For discrete-time stochastic systems with syntactically co-safe linear temporal logic (scLTL) specifications, we provide provable probabilistic safety guarantees and significantly alleviate the computational burden. We provide numerical studies and validations of the theoretical results on several typical case studies and showcase that the uncovered tree structure enables efficient reductions in the computational burden. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Generation of arbitrary high-dimensional qudit-based entangled states

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Physical Review A 2025年第3期111卷 032604-032604页

作者： Fang-Fang Du Ming Ma Zhuo-Ya Bai Qiu-lin Tan Key Laboratory of Microano Devices and Systems Ministry of Education North University of China Tai Yuan 030051 China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The generation of a high-dimensional quantum entangled state provides a crucial resource for achieving more complex and diverse quantum information processing tasks. In this paper, we present two deterministic protocols designed for the generation of a four-dimensional two-qudit Bell state and three-qudit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state assisted by cross-Kerr nonlinearity, where the four-dimensional qudit is encoded in the hybrid polarization-spatial state of the single photon to conserve quantum resources and alleviate environmental noise. The proposed protocols for generating a four-dimensional two-qudit Bell state and three-qudit GHZ state are circuit concise, high success, robust fidelity, noise resistant, and resource saving. Moreover, the four-dimensional N-qudit (N>3) GHZ states can be generated with the help of the N−1 generating devices of the four-dimensional Bell state. Consequently, its efficiency and fidelity decay exponentially by a factor of N−1. Further, the arbitrary high-dimensional qudit-encoded entangled states can be achieved with linear-optics four-dimensional single-qudit X gates and Z gates. These protocols offer a reference for further advancements in high-dimensional state generation technology and providing insights for the practical implementations of metrological enhancement, quantum simulation, high-dimensional quantum computation, and quantum error correction.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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A Stealthy False Data Injection Attack Scheme Against Sensor Measurements Using Partial System Knowledge

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Guo, Haibin Pang, Zhong-Hua Sun, Jian Han, Qing-Long Liu, Guo-Ping North China University of Technology Key Laboratory of Fieldbus Technology and Automation of Beijing Beijing100144 China Beijing University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing Institute of Technology National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of Automation Beijing100081 China Swinburne University of Technology School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies MelbourneVIC3122 Australia Southern University of Science and Technology School of Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing Shenzhen518055 China

Attack design is indispensable for analyzing potential risks of networked control systems (NCSs). However, the remote control center is usually well protected and its knowledge is difficult to be disclosed, which becomes a major obstacle in developing stealthy false data injection (FDI) attack scheme because only partial system knowledge (i.e., the system matrices of the physical plant) could be used. To meet this challenge, a novel stealthy FDI attack scheme against the sensor measurement is proposed by employing the normal and compromised self-governed filters held by malicious attackers, where the normal one is adopted to estimate the system state and the compromised one is used as the virtual attacked target. The corresponding attack strategy is obtained by maximizing the estimation error of the compromised self-governed filter. Then, the residual of the compromised system is derived to prove attack stealthiness. Next, it is derived and found that the attack impact on system estimation performance is the same as that based on full system knowledge. Furthermore, the divergence condition of NCSs under the attack is presented. Finally, all the theoretical analyses are verified by simulation results. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Magnitude,distribution and temporal trend of nitrous oxide emissions from China's natural soils over 1980–2022

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第4期68卷 1074-1085页

作者： Songbai HONG Zimeng LI Mingsong TANG Fa LI Yitong YAO Yanzi YAN Mingzhu HE Xuhui WANG Hui ZENG Shilong PIAO School of Urban Planning and Design Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen518055China Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Human-Earth Relations Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaShenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen518055China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Earth System Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA91125USA Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsala75007Sweden Joint International Research Laboratory of Catastrophe Simulation and Systemic Risk Governance Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai519087China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai519807China

Soils represent the largest contributor to global nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)***,current research efforts predominantly focus on N_(2)O emissions from agricultural soils,while studies on N_(2)O emissions from natural soils,another significant source,remain *** this study,we explored the magnitude,spatiotemporal dynamics,and drivers of N_(2)O emissions from China's natural soils over the period 1980–2022 via machine learning and a compiled novel dataset of 319 field *** results revealed that the N_(2)O flux per unit area was generally higher in the southeast compared to the northwest,and higher in forests than in *** spatial and biome heterogeneity was strongly regulated by local hydrothermal conditions and nitrogen *** averaged N_(2)O emissions over the study period were 646.2±27 Gg N_(2)O yr^(-1),with approximately equivalent contributions from forests and ***,there exhibited a significant and increasing trend from 1980 to 2022,with a rate of 2.7 Gg N_(2)O yr^(-2).Such an increase was primarily driven by the expansion of forested area and elevated nitrogen *** data-driven study presents a long-term and gridded estimate of N_(2)O emissions from China's natural soils,emphasizing the need for future research on changes of greenhouse gas emissions induced by land use change and nitrogen deposition.

关键词： Nitrous oxide Spatiotemporal dynamics Nitrogen deposition Forests Grasslands Data-driven estimates

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Evolutionary neural architecture search for automatically designing CNN-GRU-Attention neural networks for turntable servo systems

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Expert systems with Applications 2025年 283卷

作者： Xie, Cheng Xue, Bing Yang, Mingyi Zhang, Mengjie Xu, Zhigang Wang, Junyi Chen, Songlin Liu, Yang Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Liaoning Shenyang110169 China Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence & School of Engineering and Computer Science Victoria University of Wellington Wellington6140 New Zealand University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China National Key Laboratory of Modeling and Simulation for Complex Systems Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China

Turntable servo systems are important experimental devices utilized in the semi-physical simulation and testing of aircraft. Building a model for turntable servo systems, which can accurately predict their operating states or behaviors, is important for the development and debugging of the whole servo control system. However, servo systems usually have complex nonlinear characteristics and external disturbances, which brings challenges to the accurate modeling of them. Therefore, this paper develops a modeling method for turntable servo systems by using CNN-GRU-Attention hybrid neural network models. The CNN-GRU-Attention model is used for compensating the nonlinear terms of the known dynamics model, thus effectively improving the modeling accuracy. Considering the complex architectures of the above hybrid model, an evolutionary neural architecture search (ENAS) algorithm is proposed accordingly, which can automatically design the architecture of the CNN-GRU-Attention models. During the designing process, a variable-length encoding strategy is proposed to represent the possible architectures, and novel crossover and mutation operators are proposed accordingly for the evolution of individuals. In addition, the real-time constraints are considered in the design of the search space, so that all the searched models can meet the real-time requirements. The experimental results show the CNN-GRU-Attention models obtained by the proposed ENAS algorithm achieve superior prediction performance over the peer competitors in most tasks. The effectiveness of the proposed method is further verified by analyzing the convergence and the search results. © 2025

关键词： Synchros

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Target Defense with Multiple Defenders and an Agile Attacker via Residual Policy Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tao, Jiyue Shen, Tongsheng Zhao, Dexin Zhang, Feitian Robotics and Control Laboratory Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing100871 China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Beijing100071 China

The target defense problem involves intercepting an attacker before it reaches a designated target region using one or more defenders. This letter focuses on a particularly challenging scenario in which the attacker is more agile than the defenders, significantly increasing the difficulty of effective interception. To address this challenge, we propose a novel residual policy framework that integrates deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with the force-based Boids model. In this framework, the Boids model serves as a baseline policy, while DRL learns a residual policy to refine and optimize the defenders’ actions. simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed method consistently outperforms traditional interception policies, whether learned via vanilla DRL or fine-tuned from force-based methods. Moreover, the learned policy exhibits strong scalability and adaptability, effectively handling scenarios with varying numbers of defenders and attackers with different agility levels. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Safe RL-based Adaptive Cooperative Game Control of Wing Deformation and Flight State Tracking for Morphing Hypersonic Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic systems 2025年

作者： Wang, Jun-Wei Wang, Feng Wu, Huai-Ning Liu, Zhou-Yang University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Intelligence Science and Technology Beijing100083 China Beihang University School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China Beihang University Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Hangzhou311115 China National Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Beijing100074 China

This study addresses the issue of adaptive cooperative game control (ACGC) design for wing deformation and flight state tracking of morphing hypersonic vehicles (MHVs) with variable wing shapes, input constraints and state constraints. To access a better flight control performance, the wing deformation parameter is extended in this work as an auxiliary control input. An oriented-coordinated-control nonlinear differential equation model is first established to describe the complicated longitudinal flight state tracking error dynamics of the MHV. Then, a control barrier function (CBF) is introduced and incorporated into the value function as a risk penalty term of state security constraint. Based on the differential game (DG) theory, the optimal coordinated control problem for the MHV with input constraints and state constraints is treated as a constrained cooperative DG that is further formulated as a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation with barrier and hyperbolic functions. A safe RL algorithm is proposed to solve the above HJB equation and an online Pareto joint control strategy is achieved thereby. Hereafter the stability analysis of the closed-loop state tracking error system is done by the Lyapunov technique. Meanwhile, both state and input constraints are met during the the parameter learning regulation process. At last, a simulation study is performed to support the proposed safe RL-ACGC algorithm. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Hyperbolic functions

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Neolithic to Bronze Age human maternal genetic history in Yunnan,China

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第4期52卷 483-493页

作者： Xinyu Wei Ming Zhang Rui Min Zhilong Jiang Jiayang Xue Zhonghua Zhu Haibing Yuan Xiaorui Li Dongyue Zhao Peng Cao Feng Liu Qingyan Dai Xiaotian Feng Ruowei Yang Xiaohong Wu Changcheng Hu Minmin Ma Xu Liu Yang Wan Fan Yang Ranchao Zhou Lihong Kang Guanghui Dong Wanjing Ping Tianyi Wang Bo Miao Fan Bai Yuxin Zheng Yuxiao Liu Melinda A.Yang Wenjun Wang E.Andrew Bennett Qiaomei Fu China-Central Asia“the Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and ConservationSchool of Cultural HeritageNorthwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710127China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology KunmingYunnan 650118China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Archaeological Science Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610064China School of Archaeology and Museology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu 730000China Yunnan Museum KunmingYunnan 650206China College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710069China j Sino-Danish CenterUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Biology University of RichmondRichmondVA 23173USA Science and Technology Archaeology National Centre for ArchaeologyBeijing 100013China

Yunnan in southwest China is a geographically and ethnically complex region at the intersection of southern China and Southeast Asia,and a focal point for human *** clarify its maternal genetic history,we generated 152 complete mitogenomes from 17 Yunnan archaeological *** results reveal distinct genetic histories segregated by geographical *** lineages of ancient populations from northwestern and northern Yunnan exhibit closer affinities with past and present-day populations from northern East Asia and Xizang,providing important genetic evidence for the migration and interaction of populations along the Tibetan-Yi corridor since the *** 5500 and 1800 years ago,central Yunnan populations maintained their internal genetic relationships,including a 7000-year-old basal lineage of the rare and widely dispersed haplogroup *** the Xingyi site,changes in mitochondrial DNA haplogroups occurred between the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age,with haplogroups shifting from those predominant in the Yellow River region to those predominant in coastal southern *** results highlight the high diversity of Yunnan populations during the Neolithic to Bronze Age.

关键词： Ancient DNA Yunnan Genetic history Mitochondrial genomes Neolithic Bronze age

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EvoPath: Evolutionary Meta-path Discovery with Large Language Models for complex Heterogeneous Information Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Shixuan Cheng, Haoxiang Wang, Yunfei He, Yue Fan, Changjun Liu, Zhong Laboratory for Big Data and Decision College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha China National Key Laboratory of Information Systems Engineering College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

Heterogeneous Information Networks (HINs) encapsulate diverse entity and relation types, with meta-paths providing essential meta-level semantics for knowledge reasoning, although their utility is constrained by discovery challenges. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer new prospects for meta-path discovery due to their extensive knowledge encoding and efficiency, their adaptation faces challenges such as corpora bias, lexical discrepancies, and hallucination. This paper pioneers the mitigation of these challenges by presenting EvoPath, an innovative framework that leverages LLMs to efficiently identify high-quality meta-paths. EvoPath is carefully designed, with each component aimed at addressing issues that could lead to potential knowledge conflicts. With a minimal subset of HIN facts, EvoPath iteratively generates and evolves meta-paths by dynamically replaying meta-paths in the buffer with prioritization based on their scores. Comprehensive experiments on three large, complex HINs with hundreds of relations demonstrate that our framework, EvoPath, enables LLMs to generate high-quality meta-paths through effective prompting, confirming its superior performance in HIN reasoning tasks. Further ablation studies validate the effectiveness of each module within the framework. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Semantics

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