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Experimental realization of Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment with dual selections

science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第5期68卷 44-50页

作者： Xiaowan Yang Xinglei Yu Liangsheng Li Xinzhi Zhao Tianle Zheng Chengjie Zhang Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China National Key Laboratory of Scattering and Radiation Beijing 100854China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment demonstrates wave-particle duality of particles using different experimental configurations of a Mach-Zehnder *** a quantum version of this experiment,the wave-particle behaviour of photons can be observed by controlling presence or absence of the second beam ***,we implement a delayed-choice experiment with dual selections based on entangled photons,experimentally controlling both of two beam splitters in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer,where the presence and absence of the second beam splitter are simultaneously controlled through path *** experiment reveals the wave-particle behavior of single photons under different configurations of two beam *** further discuss the scenario when two beam splitters are in a quantum superposition of being present and absent,photons will be in a wave-particle quantum superposition state.

关键词： delayed choice quantum entanglement wave-particle duality

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CO adsorption, activation, and oxidation on CeO_(2)(111)-supported Fe model catalyst surfaces

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 111-119页

作者： Xingwang Cheng Yi Tu Dongling Zhang Dong Han Luchao Huang Jun Hu Honghe Ding Qian Xu Junfa Zhu National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Department of Chemical Physics Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutesand Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Elucidating the synergistic effect of Fe on CeO_(2) is challenging in CO-related reactions but attractive owing to the improvement in the oxygen storage/release capacity of ceria with the addition of ***,using CeO_(2)(111)-supported Fe model catalysts,CO adsorption,activation,and oxidation on catalyst surfaces was carefully investigated using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy(SRPES),temperature-programmed desorption(TPD),and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy(IRRAS).The precursorπ-bonding state for CO dissociative adsorption has been identified through unusually low CO vibration frequencies and a low 0 ML 0.6 ML Top sites Bridge sites MS intensity 1.0 MLπ-bond state 2.0 ML Fe 3p hv=180 eV 100 L CO on 1.6 ML Fe/CeO_(2)(111)54.7 eV Fe^(2+)53.3 eV Fe 01142 cm−1 Recombination desorption Intensity(a.u.)Clean 100 L 150 K 200 K 250 K 300 K 400 K 600 K 100200300400500600700 Temperature(K)6058565452 Binding energy(eV)50 dissociation temperature on Fe/CeO_(2)(111)*** is oxidized by dissociated atomic O followed by the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism,whereas the lattice oxygen of CeO_(2) exhibits low *** CO_(2) yield displays a volcanic curve as a function of Fe *** the 0.6 ML Fe/CeO_(2) surface,weakly bound atomic O on Fe^(2+)results in the best catalytic *** on high Fe coverage surfaces,the CO_(2) yield is limited due to the capture of atomic O by *** results provide comprehensive insights into the adsorption,activation,and oxidation of CO on Fe/CeO_(2) and identify the reaction mechanism,and the active site,which provides deeper insights into CO-related reaction mechanisms over CeO_(2) supported Fe catalysts.

关键词： iron/ceria model catalyst adsorption activation oxidation

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Photoemission evidence of a novel charge order in kagome metal FeGe

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science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第6期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 176-182页

作者： Zhisheng Zhao Tongrui Li Peng Li Xueliang Wu Jianghao Yao Ziyuan Chen Yajun Yan Shengtao Cui Zhe Sun Yichen Yang Zhicheng Jiang Zhengtai Liu Alex Louat Timur Kim Cephise Cacho Aifeng Wang Yilin Wang Dawei Shen Juan Jiang Donglai Feng Department of Physics School of Emerging Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Low Temperature Physics Laboratory College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing University State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT)Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Diamond Light Source Ltd. Harwell Science and Innovation Campus New Cornerstone Science Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China

The kagome metal Fe Ge provides a rich platform for understanding the mechanisms behind competing orders, as it exhibits charge order(CO) emerging deep within the antiferromagnetic phase. To investigate the intrinsic origin of this behavior, we examine the evolution of the low-energy electronic structure across the phase transition in annealed Fe Ge samples using angleresolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find no evidence supporting a conventional nesting mechanism, such as Fermi surface nesting or van Hove singularities. However, we observe two notable changes in the band structure: an electron-like band around the K point and another around the A point, both shifting upward in energy when CO forms. These findings are consistent with our density-functional theory calculations, which suggest that the charge order in Fe Ge is primarily driven by magnetic energy savings due to a lattice distortion involving Ge1-dimerization. Our results provide photoemission evidence supporting this novel mechanism for CO formation in Fe Ge, in contrast to the conventional nesting-driven mechanisms.

关键词： kagome metal charge order electronic structure angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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Efficient Beam Flattening for Planar-Integrated Magneto-Optical Traps

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Chinese physics Letters 2025年第3期42卷 74-79页

作者： Chang-Jiang Huang Hong-Chen Liu Liang Chen Chuan-Feng Li Guang-Can Guo Chang-Ling Zou Guo-Yong Xiang CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

The planar-integrated magneto-optical trap(PIMOT)offers a promising platform for miniaturizing cold atom systems,but its performance and laser-power efficiency are limited by the typically Gaussian profile of the input laser *** this work,we present a simplified and cost-effective beam shaping solution to transform the Gaussian input into a flat-top intensity distribution using a compact system of four spherical *** reshaped light field could potentially enhances PIMOT performance by improving the uniformity of the optical radiation pressure and increasing the trap distance from the chip *** this approach,we demonstrate a substantial reduction in the optical power required to trap 2.5×10^(5)^(87)Rb atoms,down to 30%compared to a standard Gaussian beam *** results open the door to more efficient and flexible PIMOT systems for quantum sensing,metrology,and atom-based quantum technology.

关键词： quantum beam metrology

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Elastic properties of Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wires for pulsed magnets investigated by ultrasonic techniques

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Chinese physics B 2025年第2期34卷 90-95页

作者： Ziyu Li Tianyi Gu Wenqi Wei Yang Yuan Zhuo Wang Kangjian Luo Yupeng Pan Jianfeng Xie Shaozhe Zhang Tao Peng Lin Liu Qi Chen Xiaotao Han Yongkang Luo Liang Li Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory for Materials Processing and Die&Mold TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Conductor materials with good mechanical performance as well as high electrical and thermal conductivities are particularly important to break through the current bottle-neck limit(~ 100 T) of pulsed magnets. Here, we perform systematic studies on the elastic properties of the Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wire, which is a promising candidate material for the new-generation pulsed magnets, by employing two independent ultrasonic techniques, i.e., resonant ultrasound spectroscopy(RUS) and ultrasound pulse-echo experiments. Our RUS measurements manifest that the elastic properties of the Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wires can be improved by an electroplastic drawing procedure as compared with the conventional cold drawing. We also take this opportunity to test the availability of our newly-built ultrasound pulse-echo facility at the Wuhan national High Magnetic Field Center(WHMFC, China), and the results suggest that the elastic performance of the electroplastically-drawn Cu–6wt% Ag alloy wire remains excellent without anomalous softening under extreme conditions,e.g., in ultra-high magnetic field up to 50 T and nitrogen or helium cryogenic liquids.

关键词： high-field magnet Cu–Ag alloy ultrasonic techniques elastic constants

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Regulation of graphdiyne-based nanozymes with enhanced oxidaselike activity by cobalt and nitrogen codoping

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 21-29页

作者： Jiali Liu Xiaoli Wang Yongfu Lian Xue Wang Xiuxiu Wang Xingfa Gao Baoyun Sun Xihong Guo CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial&Nanosafety Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The development of nanozymes with excellent intrinsic oxidase-like activity and specificity has received increasing ***(GDY)could be a promising choice for designing nanozymes with enhanced oxidase(OXD)-like activity due to its unique structure and ***,Co-N-GDY with high OXD activity but no peroxidase(POD)activity was synthesized by codoping of cobalt(Co)and nitrogen(N)into GDY and compared with other GDY-based nanozymes(including GDY,Co-GDY,and N-GDY).Upon analyzing the doping effect of Co and N on the OXD-like and POD-like activities,we found that the combination of Co and N in GDY played a significant role in enhancing the OXD-like activity,and even reversed the POD-like activity of N-GDY to OXD-like activity of *** electrochemical experiment and the theoretical calculations provided an explanation for the mechanism and showed that the activity was closely linked to the reduction ability of O_(2) or H_(2)O_(2) on the nanozyme substrates,which was determined by the ratedetermining step of the catalytic reaction.

关键词： nanozymes oxidase-like activity graphdiyne heteroatom doping regulation

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Temperature-compensated ultra-stable optical cavity with re-entrant design

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Optics Letters 2025年第3期50卷 868-871页

作者： Chang, Jialu Wu, Qiyue Wang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Jingxuan Wei, Qiang Chen, Xiaoxu Lu, Zehuang Zhang, Jie National Gravitation Laboratory MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Ultra-stable optical cavities with adjustable zero-crossing temperatures feature low thermal expansion and low-temperature control power consumption. We develop a re-entrant cavity featuring flexible and nondestructive zero-crossing temperature tuning capabilities, with a tunable range of 49°C. Using the same ultra-low expansion glass (ULE) batch with a zero-crossing temperature of 16.0(4)°C, we experimentally demonstrate a re-entrant cavity with a higher zero-crossing temperature tuning to 24.7(4)°C, significantly increasing the operational range compared to traditional sandwich cavities. The ultra-stable laser system developed on this re-entrant cavity shows a thermal noise limited performance of 1.05(1) × 10−15 at 0.2 s and a good long-term performance, making it suitable for portable applications such as space-borne laser sources. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Laser applications

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Enhancing H^(+)intercalation kinetics and stability in Cu^(2+)pre-intercalatedδ-MnO_(2)for aqueous aluminum batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 126-133页

作者： Hanqing Gu Mingjun Chen Zhibao Wang Wenming Zhang Zhanyu Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric DevicesCollege of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei UniversityBaoding 071002HebeiChina

Aqueous aluminum ion batteries(AAIBs)have garnered extensive attention due to their environmental friendliness,high theoretical capacity,and low ***,the sluggish reaction kinetics and severe structural collapse of the cathode material,especially manganese oxide,during the cycling process have hindered its further ***,Cu^(2+)pre-interca la ted layeredδ-MnO_(2)was synthesized via a hydrothermal *** pre-intercalated Cu^(2+)ions not only improve the conductivity of MnO_(2)cathode but also stabilize the structure to enhance stability.X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculations confirm the formation of the covalent bond between Cu and O,increasing the electronegativity of O atoms and enhancing the H^(+)adsorption ***,ex-situ measurements not only elucidate the Al^(3+)/H^(+)co-insertion energy storage mechanism but also demonstrate the high reversibility of the Cu-MnO_(2)cathode during *** work provides a promising modification approach for the application of manganese oxides in AAIBs.

关键词： Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries Energy storage mechanism MnO_(2)cathodes Cu^(2+)pre-intercalated

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Enhanced dynamics of Al^(3+)/H^(+) ions in aqueous aluminum ion batteries:Construction of metastable structures in vanadium pentoxide upon oxygen vacancies

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 562-569,I0011页

作者： Zhibao Wang Hanqing Gu Tianci Wu Wenming Zhang Zhanyu Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric DevicesCollege of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei UniversityBaoding 071002HebeiChina

In recent years,aqueous aluminum ion batteries have been widely studied owing to their abundant energy storage and high theo retical *** in-depth study of vanadium oxide materials is necessary to address the precipitation of insoluble products covered cathode surface and the slow reaction ***,a method using a simple one-step hydrothermal preparation and oxalic acid to regulate oxygen vacancies has been reported.A high starting capacity(400 mAh g^(-1))can be achieved by Ov-V2O5,and it is capable of undergoing 200 cycles at 0.4 A g^(-1),with a termination discharge capacity of103 mAh g^(-1).Mechanism analysis demonstrated that metastable structures(AlxV2O5and HxV2O5)were constructed through the insertion of Al^(3+)/H^(+)during discharging,which existed in the lattice intercalation with *** incorporation of oxygen vacancies lowers the reaction energy barrier while improving the ion transport *** addition,the metastable structure allows the electrostatic interaction between Al3+and the main backbone to establish protection and optimize the transport *** parallel,this work exploits ex-situ characterization and DFT to obtain a profound insight into the instrumental effect of oxygen vacancies in the construction of metastable structures during in-situ electrochemical activation,with a view to better understanding the mechanism of the synergistic participation of Al3+and H+in the *** work not only reports a method for cathode materials to modulate oxygen vacancies,but also lays the foundation for a deeper understanding of the metastable structure of vanadium oxides.

关键词： Vanadium pentoxide Oxygen vacancies Electrochemical activation Metastable structure

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Study on the formation characteristics of underwater hemispherical shaped charge jet and its penetration performance into concrete

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Defence technology 2025年 47卷 180-196页

作者： Cao, Chao Wang, Jinxiang Kong, Lingquan Tang, Kui Xiao, Yujie Gu, Yangchen Yang, Ming Wang, Jian National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Naval Research Institute Beijing100841 China

Shaped charge has been widely used for penetrating concrete. However, due to the obvious difference between the propagation of shock waves and explosion products in water and air, the theory governing the formation of shaped charge jets in water as well as the underwater penetration effect of concrete need to be studied. In this paper, we introduced a modified forming theory of an underwater hemispherical shaped charge, and investigated the behavior of jet formation and concrete penetration in both air and water experimentally and numerically. The results show that the modified jet forming theory predicts the jet velocity of the hemispherical liner with an error of less than 10%. The underwater jets exhibit at least 3% faster and 11% longer than those in air. Concrete shows different failure modes after penetration in air and water. The depth of penetration deepens at least 18.75% after underwater penetration, accompanied by deeper crater with 65% smaller radius. Moreover, cracks throughout the entire target are formed, whereas cracks exist only near the penetration hole in air. This comprehensive study provides guidance for optimizing the structure of shaped charge and improves the understanding of the permeability effect of concrete in water. © 2024 China Ordnance Society

关键词： Cracks

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