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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Yaning Li, Qiufu Yu, Zitong Shen, Linlin Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Guangdong Shenzhen518129 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China School of Computing and Information Technology Great Bay University Guangdong Dongguan523000 China

Face forgery detection (FFD) is devoted to detecting the authenticity of face images. Although current CNN-based works achieve outstanding performance in FFD, they are susceptible to capturing local forgery patterns generated by various manipulation methods. Though transformer-based detectors exhibit improvements in modeling global dependencies, they are not good at exploring local forgery artifacts. Hybrid transformer-based networks are designed to capture local and global manipulated traces, but they tend to suffer from the attention collapse issue as the transformer block goes deeper. Besides, soft labels are rarely available. In this paper, we propose a distilled transformer network (DTN) to capture both rich local and global forgery traces and learn general and common representations for different forgery faces. Specifically, we design a mixture of expert (MoE) module to mine various robust forgery embeddings. Moreover, a locally-enhanced vision transformer (LEVT) module is proposed to learn locally-enhanced global representations. We design a lightweight multi-attention scaling (MAS) module to avoid attention collapse, which can be plugged and played in any transformer-based models with only a slight increase in computational costs. In addition, we propose a deepfake self-distillation (DSD) scheme to provide the model with abundant soft label information. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method surpasses the state of the arts on five deepfake datasets. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Face recognition

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A unique van Hove singularity in kagome superconductor CsV3-xTaxSb5 with enhanced superconductivity

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luo, Yang Han, Yulei Liu, Jinjin Chen, Hui Huang, Zihao Huai, Linwei Li, Hongyu Wang, Bingqian Shen, Jianchang Ding, Shuhan Li, Zeyu Peng, Shuting Wei, Zhiyuan Miao, Yu Sun, Xiupeng Ou, Zhipeng Xiang, Ziji Hashimoto, Makoto Lu, Donghui Yao, Yugui Yang, Haitao Chen, Xianhui Gao, Hong-Jun Qiao, Zhenhua Wang, Zhiwei He, Junfeng Department of Physics CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Department of Physics Fuzhou University Fujian Fuzhou350108 China School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems Beijing Institut e of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing National Center for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Material Science Center Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing314011 China

Van Hove singularity (VHS) has been considered as a driving source for unconventional superconductivity. A VHS in two-dimensional (2D) materials consists of a saddle point connecting electron-like and hole-like bands. In a rare case, when a VHS appears at Fermi level, both electron-like and hole-like conduction can coexist, giving rise to an enhanced density of states as well as an attractive component of Coulomb interaction for unconventional electronic pairing. However, this van Hove scenario is often destroyed by an incorrect chemical potential or competing instabilities. Here, by using angle-resolved photoemission measurements, we report the observation of a VHS perfectly aligned with the Fermi level in a kagome superconductor CsV3-xTaxSb5 (x~0.4), in which a record-high superconducting transition temperature is achieved among all the current variants of AV3Sb5 (A=Cs, Rb, K) at ambient pressure. Doping dependent measurements reveal the important role of van Hove scenario in boosting superconductivity, and spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy measurements indicate a distinct superconducting state in this system. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fermi level

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Coupled fluid-thermal investigation on non-ablative thermal protection system with spiked body and opposing jet combined configuration

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第6期32卷 1390-1402页

作者： Jie HUANG Weixing YAO Xianyang SHAN State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense-Advanced Design Technology of Flight Vehicle Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China System Design Institute Hubei Aerospace Technology AcademyWuhan 430040China

In this paper, a Non-Ablative Thermal Protection system(NATPS) with the spiked body and the opposing jet combined configuration is proposed to reduce the aerodynamic heating of the hypersonic vehicle, and the coupled fluid-thermal numerical analysis is performed to study the thermal control performance of the NATPS. The results show that the spiked body pushes the bow shock away from the protected structure and thus reduces the shock intensity and the wall heat flux. In addition, the low temperature gas of the opposing jet separates the high temperature gas behind the shock from the nose cone of the spiked body, ensuring the non-ablative property of the spiked body. Therefore, the NATPS reduces the aerodynamic heating by the reconfiguration of the flow field, and the thermal control efficiency of the system is better than the Thermal Protection system(TPS) with the single spiked body and the single opposing jet. The influencing factors of the NATPS are analyzed. Both increasing the length of the spiked body and reducing the total temperature of the opposing jet can improve the thermal control performance of the NATPS and the nonablative property of the spiked body. However, increasing the heat conductivity coefficient of the spiked body can enhance benefit the non-ablative property of the spiked body, but has little influence on the thermal control performance of the NATPS.

关键词： Coupled method Non-ablative Opposing jet Spiked body Thermal protection system

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Logic-Gated Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Selective Β-Galactosidase Detection in Cancer and Senescent Cellular Microenvironments

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yu, Zhenjie Ren, Youxiao Gao, Yanan Zhang, HeXiao Xiaoa, Yuliang Shao, Xintian Meng, Caicai School of Pharmaceutical Sciences National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Shandong Jinan250062 China School of Life Sciences Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Shandong Jinan250117 China Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research Shandong First Medical University Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Shandong Jinan250117 China

Background: β-galactosidase (β-gal) is a critical enzyme implicated in tumorigenesis and cellular aging, exhibiting upregulation in both specific cancer cells and senescent cells. Consequently, the development of probes for selective recognition of β-gal assumes paramount importance. Given its ubiquitous presence as a biomarker in various diseases, conventional detection methods relying a single factor face challenges in achieving precise diagnosis and discriminating between cancer-associated β-gal (CA-β-gal) and senescence-related β-gal (SA-β-gal). Results: To address this challenge, we introduce DCI-βgal, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, which leverages a logic-gate design principle to implement a dual-response mechanism. This mechanism combines enzymatic activation with pH sensitivity, enhancing the probe's selectivity for β-gal detection in diverse cellular contexts. We demonstrate the differential detection of β-gal in various cancer cell lines and senescent cells, revealing an overexpression of β-gal in HepG2 and SKOV-3 cells. Additionally, we detected β-gal expression in HeLa cells through lacZ gene transfection or exogenous supplementation, while minimal expression was observed in A549 and HeLa cells. Furthermore, high expression of β-gal was also observed in senescent cells. Notably, the distinctive subcellular signal distribution was observed in living cells, enabling the discrimination between cancer cells and senescent cells due to the dual response characteristics exhibited by our probe. Significance: Collectively, our study presents a real-time monitoring technique for β-gal enzyme activity within living systems and highlights the probe's exceptional selectivity for β-gal. This capability enables the discrimination between cancer and senescent cells, offering a promising avenue for early diagnosis and prevention strategies for β-gal-related diseases. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Probes

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Dual Electrical-Behavior Regulation of Α-Moc Quantum Dots and Mo-N-C Sites for High Photoelectric Conversion Performance of Solar Cells

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Yao, Jixin Wang, Wen Wang, Jie Meng, Ying Lu, Shibin Wang, Haibo Du, Feng Yang, Li Yang, Bo Tang, Huaibao Xu, Haifeng Li, Guang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Simulation and Design for Electronic Information System Universities Joint Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Science and Technology in Anhui Province Hefei Normal University Hefei230601 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China Institute of Materials Science and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215011 China School of Information Engineering Suzhou University Suzhou234000 China School of Physics and Electronic Information Huaibei Normal University Huaibei235000 China

Constructing low-price yet high-efficiency counter electrode (CE) materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is vital in the field of energy conversion. Herein, α-MoC quantum dots (QDs) decorated with Mo-N-C sites are encapsulated in a unique carbon flower structure (α-MoCQD@NCF) as efficient CE. The α-MoCQD@NCF CE in DSSC exhibits high power conversion efficiency (PCE) with up to 9.12%, which greatly exceeds that of pure Pt (7.53%). Electron microscopy reveals that α-MoCQD@NCF is an ultrathin-hierarchical hollow structure, which facilitates the adequate contact of the electrolyte. Simultaneously, the ultra-small size of the QDs is advantageous for maximizing the utilization of active sites to accelerate the triiodide reduction reaction. Additionally, theoretical calculations indicate that atomically engineered Mo-N-C sites combined with α-MoC quantum dots can complement and reinforce each other to transfer electrons to the carbon matrix. Therefore, through the synergistic effect of the dual regulation of electron transfer rate and pathway by the two structures, the electron transfer on the CE surface is accelerated, the iodide ion coupling is suppressed and the reaction kinetics are optimized. It not only offers a rational approach to develop low-cost yet highly active electrode material, but also opens an avenue for other energy-related fields. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrocatalysis

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In-Situ Formation of Sub-Nanometer In2o Clusters on Ag Nanoparticles Delivers Highly Selective Electrochemical Co2 Reduction to Formate

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Bhalothia, Dinesh Liu, Hsiao-Yun Chen, Shih-Hsuan Tseng, Yao-Tien Li, Wenbo Dai, Sheng Wang, Kuan-Wen Chen, Tsan-Yao Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Materials Science and Engineering National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology Shanghai200237 China Research Centre National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

Electrochemical CO1 reduction (ECR) is a potential route for establishing a carbon-neutral economy. Despite notable breakthroughs, designing a catalytic system with desired product selectivity remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a novel nanoarchitecture comprising sub-nanometer In1O3 clusters on Ag nanoparticles (henceforth denoted as Ag1-In8/C ) for highly selective formate (HCOOH) production in ECR. As-prepared Ag1-In8/C NC with the Ag/In atomic ratio of 2/8 achieved the formate faradaic efficiency (FEHCOOH) of as high as 95.5% at -0.9 VRHE with no obvious degradation after 7 h, surpassing the monometallic counterparts (Ag/C and In1O3/C) in selectivity and activity. The in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the formation of sub-nanometer In1O clusters (i.e. Indium changed its phase from In1O3 to In1O) on Ag nanoparticles under potential-driven conditions, where the high activity and selectivity of Ag1-In8/C NC originates from the robust synergistic cooperation between Ag and In1O domains at the Ag-In1O interface, underscoring its role as the active site for highly selective ECR. Moreover, an amalgamation of the physical and electrochemical analysis suggests that In1O clusters assist *OCHO formation on the surface of Ag1-In8/C NC during ECR and thus pronounced formate selectivity is achieved. In light of our findings, this study promises to unravel intricate mechanistic insights, thus paving the way for the rational design of exceptionally selective catalysts for ECR. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Efficiency

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Dual-Regulation of Α-Moc Quantum Dots and Mo-N-C Sites to Achieve High Photoelectric Conversion Performance in Solar Cell

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yao, Jixin Wang, Wen Wang, Jie Meng, Ying Lu, Shibin Tong, Xiaowei Du, Feng Yang, Li Xu, Haifeng Yang, Bo Tang, Huaibao Li, Guang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of simulation and design for Electronic information system Universities Joint Key Laboratory of photoelectric detection Science and Technology in Anhui Province Hefei Normal University Hefei230601 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China Institute of Materials Science and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215011 China School of Information Engineering Suzhou University Suzhou234000 China School of Physics and Electronic Information Huaibei Normal University Huaibei235000 China

Constructing low-price yet high-efficiency counter electrode (CE) materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is vital in energy conversion fields. Herein, α-MoC quantum dots (QD) decorated with Mo-N-C site is encapsulated in a unique carbon flower structure (α-MoCQD@NCF) as efficient CE. The α-MoCQD@NCF CE in DSSC exhibits high power conversion efficiency (PCE) with up to 9.12%, which greatly exceeds the pure Pt (7.53%). The electron microscope reveals that α-MoCQD@NCF is an ultrathin-hierarchical hollow structure, which facilitates the adequate contact of the electrolyte. Simultaneously, the ultra-small size of QD is advantageous for maximizing the utilization of active sites to accelerate the tri-iodide reduction reaction. Additionally, theory calculations indicate that atomic engineering Mo-N-C sites coupled with α-MoC quantum dots can complement and reinforce each other to transfer electrons to the carbon matrix. This electronic modulation synergistically accelerates the electron transport on the surface of CE, restraining iodide ion coupling and optimizing reaction kinetics. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocrystals

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Experimental investigation of the transient pool boiling heat transfer on the quenching of vertical rodlet in water

Experimental investigation of the transient pool boiling hea...

引用

2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, ICONE 2020, collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference

作者： Wang, Zefeng Deng, Jian Qian, Libo Cai, Rong Xiong, Jinbiao Zhong, Lei Ma, Yugao State Key Laboratory of Reactor System Design Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China 328 Changshun Road Shuangliu District Chengdu China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 DongChuan Road MinHang District Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791883785

Quenching is an important phenomenon in the evaluation of an emergency core cooling system following a hypothetical loss of coolant accident (LOCA) in a nuclear reactor. In the present study, an experimental apparatus is designed and constructed with the purpose of conducting high-temperature transient pool boiling quenching experiments for zirconium (Zr-4) cylindrical test samples. Three thermocouples are inserted in the test sample to investigate the effect of axial distance on the minimum film boiling temperature. The Zr-4 rodlet is heated up to a temperature well above the minimum film boiling temperature (up to 600°C), and then plunged vertically in a quiescent pool of subcooled water. A data acquisition system is used to record the temperature of the embedded thermocouples with time. Data reduction is performed by an inverse heat conduction code to calculate the surface temperature and corresponding surface heat flux. A visualization study with a high-speed camera is conducted to record the quenching behavior on the test sample. It is found that the minimum film boiling temperature decreases with the axial distance, while the CHF temperature is relatively insensitive to the axial distance. The film boiling heat transfer coefficient decreases with surface temperature, and seems to be independent of axial distance. The quench front is observed to originate from the bottom and move upwards. It is found that the quench front velocity remains nearly constant in the lower region of the test sample, and significantly increases in the upper region. © 2020 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface temperature

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AI Empowered Channel Semantic Acquisition for 6G Integrated Sensing and Communication Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Yifei Gao, Zhen Zhao, Jingjing He, Ziming Zhang, Yunsheng Lu, Chen Xiao, Pei The Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China The School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China The National Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM Beijing100191 China The Samsung Cambridge Solution Centre System LSI Samsung Electronics Cambridge United Kingdom The Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology 518109 China University of Surrey GU2 7XH United Kingdom

Motivated by the need for increased spectral efficiency and the proliferation of intelligent applications, the sixth-generation (6G) mobile network is anticipated to integrate the dual-functions of communication and sensing (C&S). Although the millimeter wave (mmWave) communication and mmWave radar share similar multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architecture for integration, the full potential of dual-function synergy remains to be exploited. In this paper, we commence by overviewing state-of-the-art schemes from the aspects of waveform design and signal processing. Nevertheless, these approaches face the dilemma of mutual compromise between C&S performance. To this end, we reveal and exploit the synergy between C&S. In the proposed framework, we introduce a two-stage frame structure and resort artificial intelligence (AI) to achieving the synergistic gain by designing a joint C&S channel semantic extraction and reconstruction network (JCASCasterNet). With just a cost-effective and energy-efficient single sensing antenna, the proposed scheme achieves enhanced overall performance while requiring only limited pilot and feedback signaling overhead. In the end, we outline the challenges that lie ahead in the future development of integrated sensing and communication networks, along with promising directions for further research. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectrum efficiency

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Fault-Tolerant Control of Underwater Tension Leg Platform Based on Sliding Mode Control and Adaptive Disturbance Observer

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hong, Haochen Wu, Hongming Shen, Xiong Wang, Minghui Hu, Chaocheng Xia, Yingkai Xu, Guohua School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan430070 China Ship and Ocean Water Power Hubei Key Point Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China National Engineering Laboratory for Test and Experiment Technology of Marine Engineering Equipment Kunming650051 China Kunming Shipborne Equipment Research & Test Center Kunming650051 China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan430205 China

In this article, the fault tolerant control problem of underwater tension leg platforms is addressed by sliding mode control and a novel adaptive disturbance observer, considering external disturbances, system nonlinearities, and actuator faults. To deal with the system’s faults and enhance the system’s robustness, a novel adaptive disturbance observer is proposed, which incorporates an adaptive function based on tracking errors. Additionally, a robust sliding mode controller is introduced that incorporates a novel reaching law to improve the convergence rate and minimize system velocity overshoot, thereby enhancing control performance and system robustness. To ensure the maintenance of the desired platform attitude during normal and emergency situations throughout the floating process, a general platform control law is proposed based on the platform attitude and winch speed. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller under various disturbances and faults. The simulation results validate the robustness and superiority of the proposed approach. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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