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A Dual-Capture and Dual-Output 3D DNA Walker system Integrated with Ligases Enables Ultrasensitive Detection of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms

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Analytical Chemistry 2025年第17期97卷 9316-9325页

作者： Zhang, Yunshan Tan, Qianglong Yang, Fang Huang, Tuo Yu, Siyu Ye, Jing Zeng, Jianxian Feng, Xianzhong Zhang, Diming Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding National Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun130102 China Research Center for Novel Computing Sensing and Intelligent Processing Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311121 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Hangzhou310024 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Xiangtan411201 China

DNA walkers, as structurally and functionally programmable signal amplification tools, exhibit great potential for application in the field of biosensing. Traditional DNA walkers often rely on enzymes for operation, posing compatibility challenges, while the handful of existing enzyme-free DNA walkers demonstrate limited performance. To address this, we innovatively developed an efficient enzyme-free 3D DNA walker with dual capture and dual output capabilities. Coupled with ligase chain reaction (LCR), this system facilitates highly sensitive and specific detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Specifically, LCR precisely identifies single-base mutations, effectively transmitting biological information. The 3D DNA walker system is based on entropy-driven circuit cycling reaction technology. In this system, LCR products serve as the driving strands for the DNA walker, independently binding to track strands and walking legs immobilized on gold nanoparticles, forming a unique dual signal capture mechanism. Each track strand carries two signal chains, significantly enhancing signal amplification efficiency. Benefiting from this novel enzyme-free 3D DNA walker strategy, our biosensing system exhibits exceptional sensitivity to mutant targets (MT), detecting MT at concentrations as low as 30.3 aM and distinguishing heterozygous samples with a 0.01% mutation frequency. Furthermore, this system has been successfully applied to genotyping and mutation abundance assessment of genomes from fresh soybean leaves, demonstrating its vast potential for practical applications. In summary, this research pioneers a novel enzyme-free 3D DNA walker with dual capture and dual output capabilities, and develops an ultrasensitive genotyping tool. This provides strong technical support for the advancement of genetic research. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Nucleotides

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Efficient design Optimization for Diffractive Deep Neural Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided design of Integrated Circuits and systems 2025年第3期44卷 1199-1203页

作者： Wu, Kun Liu, Yuncheng Gao, Hui Tao, Jun Xiong, Wei Li, Xin Wuhan University School of Electronic Information Wuhan430072 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics The School of Optical and Electronic Information Wuhan430074 China Optics Valley Laboratory of Hubei Wuhan430074 China Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and System School of Microelectronics Shanghai200433 China Duke Kunshan University Data Science Research Center Jiangsu Kunshan215316 China

Since diffractive deep neural network (D2NN) provides a full optical solution to implement deep neural networks (DNNs), it offers ultrafast operation speed and virtually unlimited bandwidth, yielding an alternative-yet-competitive approach for computer-based neural networks. A D2NN is composed of several 3D-printed phase masks as hidden layers and a number of optical detectors at the output. To enable automatic and efficient design of D2NNs, we propose an iterative optimization method to determine the optimal design parameters of D2NNs. During each iteration step, we first optimize the physical parameters for masks (e.g., thicknesses) while fixing the detector parameters (e.g., locations). Next, we exhaustively search the detector parameters with fixed masks. These two steps are repeated until convergence is reached. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed optimization algorithm can produce a high-performance D2NN achieving 97% accuracy for recognizing handwritten digits. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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NO reduction by carbon-based gases based on coal gasification fractions:NO reduction intermediate identification and kinetic analysis

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2025年第3期19卷 175-189页

作者： Xiang Zhang Jian Tian Tanghui Hu Guangyong Yue Xianlong Liu Wen Zhou Xiaohong Liu Xinye Wang Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Engineering Research Center for Green Industrialization Technology of Industrial WasteSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Hubei Huda Tianshu New Energy Materials Industrial Research and Design Institute Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430062China Wuhan Tianshu Dust Removal Equipment Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430062China Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion&Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province School of Energy and Mechanical EngineeringNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210042China

Combining pulverized coal gasifiers with cement kiln production is promising for application in low-cost and efficient NO *** paper presents a pulverized coal gasifier catalytic denitration technique and investigates the homogeneous reduction(by CO and CH_(4))and heterogeneous catalytic reduction(by coke,CaO,MgO,and Fe_(2)O_(3))of NO.A combination of Chemkin simulations and fixed-bed experiments is used to elucidate the reaction pathways and key intermediates of NO reduction by carbon-based *** addition,the activation energies for different catalyst combinations were analyzed via reaction *** results demonstrate that the presence of small amounts of O_(2) inhibits NO reduction by CO but promotes NO reduction by CH_(4).The NCO·radical is essential for the NO reduction process,and the generation of this radical depends on the CH_(4) cleavage intermediate and O·*** and Fe_(2)O_(3) exhibit more significant catalytic effects on NO reduction by carbon-based gases than the other catalysts *** presence of a small amount of O_(2) in the reacting gas mixtures facilitates the NO reduction *** activation energy is reduced to 1.02 kJ/mol,and the NO conversion reaches 99.80%when the catalyst is C+CaO+MgO+Fe_(2)O_(3) and the gas composition is CO+CH_(4)+O_(2).This work provides theoretical support and data recommendations for the use of pulverized coal gasifiers for the denitrification of cement kilns.

关键词： Carbon-based gas Catalytic denitration Coke Kinetic analysis Reaction mechanism

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Efficient Modeling Attack on Multiplexer PUFs via Kronecker Matrix Multiplication

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IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided design of Integrated Circuits and systems 2025年

作者： Wang, Hongfei Wan, Caixue Jin, Hai Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Wuhan430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

The Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is valued for its lightweight nature and unique functionality, making it a common choice for securing hardware products requiring authentication and key generation mechanisms. In response to the susceptibility of individual PUFs to modeling attacks, advanced PUF variants have been developed to improve security measures. One notable type in this regard is the multiplexer-based composition of arbiter PUFs, known as MPUF, which aims to meet high reliability and security standards simultaneously. Current research on attacking MPUF encounters challenges such as substantial demands for training CRPs and low success rates. In this work, we propose a novel numerical modeling attack strategy for MPUFs. Using Kronecker products from mathematical perspective, this method precisely describe the MPUF model without using complex network architectures, boosting attack accuracy and overall efficiency. Experiment comparison with state-of-the-art works demonstrates that our method achieves better performance in terms of attack accuracy, robustness, and efficiency. Our method is able to successfully attack a (512, 8)-MPUF in 32.71 minutes with 97.14% accuracy, outperforming all existing attack methods on MPUFs. More, we validate our method through experiments with hardware implementations on FPGAs. The advantages of our method also include the adaptability to be employed to attack other MPUF variations like cMPUF and rMPUF, and the capability to be integrated with an existing attack method for launching efficient attack on MPUFs leveraging reliability information. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： modeling attack multiplexer-based PUF Physical unclonable function

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Magnitude,distribution and temporal trend of nitrous oxide emissions from China's natural soils over 1980–2022

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第4期68卷 1074-1085页

作者： Songbai HONG Zimeng LI Mingsong TANG Fa LI Yitong YAO Yanzi YAN Mingzhu HE Xuhui WANG Hui ZENG Shilong PIAO School of Urban Planning and Design Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen518055China Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Human-Earth Relations Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaShenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen518055China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Earth System Science Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA91125USA Department of Soil and Environment Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsala75007Sweden Joint International Research Laboratory of Catastrophe Simulation and Systemic Risk Governance Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai519087China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai519807China

Soils represent the largest contributor to global nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)***,current research efforts predominantly focus on N_(2)O emissions from agricultural soils,while studies on N_(2)O emissions from natural soils,another significant source,remain *** this study,we explored the magnitude,spatiotemporal dynamics,and drivers of N_(2)O emissions from China's natural soils over the period 1980–2022 via machine learning and a compiled novel dataset of 319 field *** results revealed that the N_(2)O flux per unit area was generally higher in the southeast compared to the northwest,and higher in forests than in *** spatial and biome heterogeneity was strongly regulated by local hydrothermal conditions and nitrogen *** averaged N_(2)O emissions over the study period were 646.2±27 Gg N_(2)O yr^(-1),with approximately equivalent contributions from forests and ***,there exhibited a significant and increasing trend from 1980 to 2022,with a rate of 2.7 Gg N_(2)O yr^(-2).Such an increase was primarily driven by the expansion of forested area and elevated nitrogen *** data-driven study presents a long-term and gridded estimate of N_(2)O emissions from China's natural soils,emphasizing the need for future research on changes of greenhouse gas emissions induced by land use change and nitrogen deposition.

关键词： Nitrous oxide Spatiotemporal dynamics Nitrogen deposition Forests Grasslands Data-driven estimates

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3D-printable polyacrylamide/quaternary chitosan-based multifunctional hydrogel flexible sensors

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Reactive and Functional Polymers 2025年 214卷

作者： Wang, Dingxin Mei, Lin Liu, Qian Zou, Xinhao Pan, Shaoshan Xu, Tianyu Zhao, Panfeng Luo, Tianzhi CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Hydrogel-based wearable flexible pressure sensors show great potential for applications in human health and motion monitoring. However, fabricating hydrogel sensors with excellent mechanical properties, sensitivity, and stability remains challenging. In this study, we developed a poloxamer-quaternized chitosan-polyacrylamide (P407/QCS-PAAm) hydrogel with multifunctional capabilities. These hydrogels exhibit high strength, impact resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and outstanding antimicrobial properties. Due to the dynamic hydrogen bonding provided by QCS, the mechanical properties of the hydrogel can be adjusted by regulating the QCS content, achieving tensile strengths ranging from 0.14 to 0.47 MPa and compressive strengths from 2.07 to 5.49 MPa. The quaternary ammonium groups carried by QCS enhance the gel's conductivity (0.29 S/m) and its bacteriostatic effects. Furthermore, the incorporation of P407 improves the hydrogel's hydrophilicity. These properties make the gel an excellent biosafety material for wearable devices. Notably, the hydrogel precursor exhibits rate-tunable sol-gel transition properties, enabling 3D printing. The 3D-printed P407/QCS-PAAm hydrogel sensors demonstrate high sensitivity (GF © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Tensile strength

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CorcPUM: Efficient Processing Using Cross-Point Memory via Cooperative Row-Column Access Pipelining and Adaptive Timing Optimization in Subarrays 23

CorcPUM: Efficient Processing Using Cross-Point Memory via C...

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Proceedings of the 60th Annual ACM/IEEE design Automation Conference

作者： Chengning Wang Dan Feng Wei Tong Jingning Liu Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Information Storage System Engineering Research Center of Data Storage Systems and Technology Ministry of Education of China (School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323481

Emerging cross-point memory can in-situ perform vector-matrix multiplication (VMM) for energy-efficient scientific computation. However, parasitic-capacitance-induced row charging and discharging latency is a major performance bottleneck of subarray VMM. We propose a memory-timing-compliant bulk VMM processing-using-memory design with row access and column access co-optimization from rethinking of read access commands and μ-op timing. We propose row-level-parallelism-adaptive timing termination mechanism to reduce tail latency of tRCD and tRP by exploiting row nonlinear charging and bulk-interleaved row-column-cooperative VMM access mechanism to reduce tRAS and overlap CL without increasing column ADC precision. Evaluations show that our design can achieve 5.03× performance speedup compared with an aggressive baseline.

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Cooperative Relaying and Jamming design for Secure LPWAN Wireless Communication

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China Communications 2025年第4期22卷 100-116页

作者： Chen Dianxia Ma Xiaoshan Yang Lin Yu Kan Feng Zhiyong Education Tianjin Ren’ai CollegeTianjin 301636China Academy of Military Sciences of PLA Beijing 100091China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security Systems Engineering InstituteAMSPLABeijing 100091China Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications Ministry of EducationBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

Physical layer security methods based on joint relay and jammer selection(JRJS)have been widely investigated in the study of secure wireless *** from current works on JRJS schemes,which assumed that the global channel state information(CSI)of the eavesdroppers(Eves)was known beforehand,then the optimal relaying and jamming relays were *** importantly,the time complexity of selecting optimal jamming relay is O(N^(2)),where N is the maximum number of relays/*** this paper,for the scenario where the source wants to exchange the message with the destination,via relaying scheme due to longer communication distance and limited transmission power,in the presence of multiple Eves,with the assumption of Eves'perfect CSI and average CSI,we propose two kinds of JRJS *** particular,the time complexity of finding the optimal jammer can be reduced to O(N).Furthermore,we present a novel JRJS scheme for no CSI of Eves by minimizing the difference between expected signal and interfering signal at the ***,simulations show that the designed methods are more effective than JRJS and other existing strategies in terms of security performance.

关键词： joint relay and jammer selection physical layer security secrecy outage probability

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Integration of SSPP Antenna and Vivaldi Arrays for 5G Sub-6 GHz and Millimeter-Wave Applications

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IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2025年

作者： Cheng, Houyuan Li, Shangru Fu, Yang Yang, Helin Wu, Jiong Zhou, Xiangli Shi, Xintong Central China Normal University College of Physical Science and Technology Wuhan430079 China State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environmental Effects on Electronics and Information System National University of Defense Technology China

An integrated antenna system covering 5G Sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave bands is proposed, combining a spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) antenna and two Vivaldi arrays. The integrated design comprises three radiators: an SSPP array, a linear tapered slot (LTS), and Vivaldi arrays. The SSPP antenna (excited by port 1) operates in the Sub-6 GHz band (SUB: 4–4.9 GHz and 5.3–6 GHz) through its SSPP array, while the LTS covers millimeter-wave band 1 (MMW1: 23–25.8 GHz). Dual Vivaldi arrays, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the antenna and excited by ports 2 and 3, operate in millimeter-wave band 2 (MMW2: 18–25.8 GHz). Measured results demonstrate average realized gains of 11 dBi (SUB), 13 dBi (MMW1), and 14 dBi (MMW2). This design shows potential for 5G communication and radar systems. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Millimeter waves

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An integrated modeling, verification, and code generation for uncrewed aerial systems: less cost and more efficiency

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PeerJ Computer science 2025年 11卷 e2575-e2575页

作者： Zhang, Jianyu Zhang, Long Wu, Yixuan Ma, Linru Yang, Feng School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security AMS Beijing China School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China

Uncrewed Aerial systems (UASs) are widely implemented in safety-critical fields such as industrial production, military operations, and disaster relief. Due to the diversity and complexity of implementation scenarios, UASs have become increasingly intricate. The challenge of designing and implementing highly reliable UASs while effectively controlling development costs and improving efficiency has been a pressing issue faced by academia and industry. To address this challenge, this article aims to examine an integrated method for modeling, verification, and code generation for UASs. This article begins to utilize Architecture Analysis and design Language (AADL) to model UASs, proposing generic UAS models. Then, formal specifications describe a system’s safety properties and functions based on these models. Finally, this article introduces a method to generate flight controller codes for UASs based on the verified models. Experiments demonstrate its effectiveness in pinpointing potential vulnerabilities in UASs during the early design phase and generating viable flight controller codes from the verified models. The proposed approach can also improve the efficiency of designing and verifying high-reliability UASs. Copyright 2025 Zhang et al. Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0

关键词： Costs

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