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A novel Skin lesion prediction and classification technique: ViT-GradCAM

Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) 2024年第9期30卷 e70040页

作者： Muhammad Shafiq Kapil Aggarwal Jagannathan Jayachandran Gayathri Srinivasan Rajasekhar Boddu Adugna Alemayehu School of Information Engineering Qujing Normal University Qujing China. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensor and System Design College of Information Engineering Qujing Normal University Qujing China. Department of CSE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh India. Department of Software and Systems Engineering School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Katpadi Vellore India. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India. Department of AIML Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology Bachupally Hyderabad India. Lecturer in Software Engineering Wachemo University Hosaina Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND:Skin cancer is one of the highly occurring diseases in human life. Early detection and treatment are the prime and necessary points to reduce the malignancy of infections. Deep learning techniques are supplementary tools to assist clinical experts in detecting and localizing skin lesions. Vision transformers (ViT) based on image segmentation classification using multiple classes provide fairly accurate detection and are gaining more popularity due to legitimate multiclass prediction capabilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this research, we propose a new ViT Gradient-Weighted Class Activation Mapping (GradCAM) based architecture named ViT-GradCAM for detecting and classifying skin lesions by spreading ratio on the lesion's surface area. The proposed system is trained and validated using a HAM 10000 dataset by studying seven skin lesions. The database comprises 10 015 dermatoscopic images of varied sizes. The data preprocessing and data augmentation techniques are applied to overcome the class imbalance issues and improve the model's performance. RESULT:The proposed algorithm is based on ViT models that classify the dermatoscopic images into seven classes with an accuracy of 97.28%, precision of 98.51, recall of 95.2%, and an F1 score of 94.6, respectively. The proposed ViT-GradCAM obtains better and more accurate detection and classification than other state-of-the-art deep learning-based skin lesion detection models. The architecture of ViT-GradCAM is extensively visualized to highlight the actual pixels in essential regions associated with skin-specific pathologies. CONCLUSION:This research proposes an alternate solution to overcome the challenges of detecting and classifying skin lesions using ViTs and GradCAM, which play a significant role in detecting and classifying skin lesions accurately rather than relying solely on deep learning models.

关键词： Grad‐CAM Multi‐Headed Self attention (MSA) linear patch projection multilayer perceptron (MLP) skin lesion transformer encoder vision transformer (ViT)

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Optimization of Manufacturing Process and Experimental Verification of Vulnerable Part in reactor

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期585卷

作者： Yang Bo Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institution of China Sichuan ChengDu 610041

The technical requirements of the control rod driving mechanism of the third generation PWR nuclear power plant are higher. The latch parts are designed with double tooth structure and welded on the wear-resistant surface by cobalt-based alloy surfacing. According to the structural characteristics and manufacturing process difficulties, a special welding device is developed. According to the test and finite element simulation, the related process parameters are optimized. The trial production of the parts was completed, and the parts were tested by metallography, liquid permeation test, hardness test and thermal life test. The results show that the latch parts have high hardness and wear resistance, and meet the requirements of the driving mechanism operation life of the third generation PWR nuclear power plant.

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Preparation and Properties of Rice Hull Ash as the catalysis supporter in the fluidized-bed reactor

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2021年第1期766卷

作者： Zhaohui Teng Shan Huang Heng Xu Na Li Qulan Zhou College of energy Chengdu University of Tecnoogy Chengdu 610059 China National Key Laboratory of Nuclear Reactor System Design Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610200 China shenzhen ILNG energy technology CO. LTD Shenzhen 518061 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

This research focuses on the preparation and properties of rice hull ash(RHA). We prepared RHA from combustion of rice husk in the fluidized-bed reactor. The temperature field of the furnace was steady and bellow 850°C to keep SiO2 amorphous. XRD, BET and SEM were applied in the characterization tests to investigate the effect of flow rate(u), the higher primary-secondary wind ratio(i) and relative height of bed material. The optimal combustion condition for preparing RHA was discussed. RHA obtained from rice hull contains abundant amorphous SiO2 (>90%) and the characterization results of RHA show its potential to be a good catalyst supporter.

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Approaching the Fundamental Limit of Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing Through a Hologram Metasurface

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yuan, Shuai S.A. Wu, Jie Chen, Menglin L.N. Lan, Zhihao Zhang, Liang Sun, Sheng Huang, Zhixiang Chen, Xiaoming Zheng, Shilie Jiang, Li Jun Zhang, Xianmin Sha, Wei E.I. College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Ministry of Education The Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing Department of Education of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei230039 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London Torrington Place LondonWC1E 7JE United Kingdom Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Simulation and Design for Electronic Information System Hefei Normal University Hefei230601 China School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Establishing and approaching the fundamental limit of orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing are necessary and increasingly urgent for current multiple-input multiple-output research. In this work, we elaborate the fundamental limit in terms of independent scattering channels (or the degrees of freedom of scattered fields) through angular-spectral analysis, in conjunction with a rigorous Green’s function method. The scattering-channel limit is universal for arbitrary spatial-mode multiplexing, which is launched by a planar electromagnetic device, such as antenna, metasurface, etc., with a predefined physical size. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally the limit by a phase-only metasurface hologram that transforms orthogonal OAM modes to plane-wave modes scattered at critically separated angular-spectral regions. Particularly, a minimax optimization algorithm is applied to suppress angular-spectrum aliasing, achieving good performances in both full-wave simulation and experimental measurement at microwave frequencies. This work offers a theoretical upper bound and corresponding approach route for engineering designs of OAM multiplexing. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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THE EFFECT OF EXTERNAL WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION ON MUSCLE ACTIVATION PATTERN DURING OBSTACLE NEGOTIATION FOR MALE PARTICIPANTS 63rd

THE EFFECT OF EXTERNAL WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION ON MUSCLE ACTIVAT...

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63rd International Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, HFES 2019

作者： Yi, Guofu Wang, Xinting Zhang, Junxia Hao, Shuai Hu, Boyi School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment China Human System Engineering Laboratory Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713810407

Effects of different age groups and different external loading distribution on lower extremity muscle activation during obstacle crossing tasks were tested in this study. Four young participants and five healthy senior participants performed different walking tasks at their own speed carrying multiple different weights while their lower extremity muscle activation patterns were recorded and compared. Older adults showed significantly increased muscle activation patterns in obstacle negotiation. Furthermore, participants showed altered lower extremity muscle activation patterns with different load distribution. © 2019, SAGE Publications Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Muscle

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Biomimetic twisted plywood structural materials

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national science Review 2018年第5期5卷 703-714页

作者： Si-Ming Chen Huai-Ling Gao Yin-Bo Zhu Hong-Bin Yao Li-Bo Mao Qi-Yun Song Jun Xia Zhao Pan Zhen He Heng-An Wu Shu-Hong Yu Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceHefei Science Center of CASCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologyDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsCAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China3 Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme ConditionsHigh Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsCAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences

Biomimetic designs based on micro/nanoscale manipulation and scalable fabrication are expected to develop new-style strong, tough structural materials. Although the mimicking of nacre-like‘brick-and-mortar' structure is well studied, many highly ordered natural architectures comprising 1D micro/nanoscale building blocks still elude imitation owing to the scarcity of efficient manipulation techniques for micro/nanostructural control in practical bulk counterparts. Herein, inspired by natural twisted plywood structures with fascinating damage tolerance, biomimetic bulk materials that closely resemble natural hierarchical structures and toughening mechanisms are successfully fabricated through a programmed and scalable bottom-up assembly strategy. By accurately engineering the arrangement of 1D mineral micro/nanofibers in biopolymer matrix on the multiscale, the resultant composites display optimal mechanical performance, superior to many natural, biomimetic and engineering materials. The design strategy allows for precise micro/nanostructural control at the macroscopic 3D level and can be easily extended to other materials systems, opening up an avenue for many more micro/nanofiber-based biomimetic designs.

关键词： biomimetic designs micro/nanoscale building blocks twisted plywood structures damage tolerance biomimetic bulk materials toughening mechanisms

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Capacity improvement for mixed traffic flow by installing vehicle-to-vehicle devices on partial human-driven vehicles to serve connected automated vehicles

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Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 2025年 674卷

作者： Yan Wang Yanyan Qin Zhongbin Luo Hao Wang Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Integrated and Multidimensional Transportation System Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing 400074 China School of Traffic and Transportation Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing 400074 China College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China China Merchants Chongqing Communications Reseach & Design Institute Co. Ltd. Chongqing 400067 China Transportation Industry R&D Center for Autonomous Driving Technology Chongqing 400067 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies Nanjing 211189 China School of Transportation Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication technology in connected automated vehicles (CAVs) substantially improves traffic capacity. During initial CAV deployment phases, mixed traffic flow combining CAVs and human-driven vehicles (HVs) will inevitably co-exist on highways. The absence of V2V capabilities in HVs prevents them from providing V2V services to CAVs, thereby constraining CAVs’ capacity improvement in mixed traffic environments. To address this limitation, we propose equipping partial HVs with V2V communication devices, enabling these retrofitted HVs to transmit V2V information and create essential communication environment for CAVs. This study develops a mixed traffic capacity analysis framework that simultaneously incorporates CAV penetration rate and V2V installation rate of HVs, which aims to improve mixed traffic capacity by adjusting the V2V installation rate of HVs. Firstly, we classified car-following patterns within mixed traffic flow and calculate their probabilities. Secondly, a mixed traffic capacity model was constructed using fundamental diagram theory. Using the established model, critical values for V2V installation rate of HVs were analytically derived to achieve capacity improvements under varying CAV penetration rates. Finally, numerical experiments validated both the model’s reliability and theoretical derivations. Results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively quantifies how CAV penetration rate and V2V installation rate of HVs jointly influence mixed traffic capacity. Strategic adjustment of V2V installation rate of HVs based on each level of CAV penetration rates significantly enhances mixed traffic capacity.

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design of a 1 t/h Biomass Chain Boiler and Its Fuel Adaptability Analysis

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Journal of Engineering science and technology Review 2020年第5期13卷 132-142页

作者： Chengguo, Fu Yipeng, Feng Yishui, Tian Mingchao, Liang Zhengchuan, Zhang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang453003 China Key Laboratory of Energy Resource Utilization from Agricultural Residue of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Planning & Design Beijing100125 China Engineering Technology Faculty Sumy National Agrarian University Sumy40021 Ukraine

The arch is an important component of a biomass boiler. Initial arch design of most boilers is generally gained through manual computation, thus resulting in uncertain reasonability of flue gas flow. Moreover, biomass fuels in the market have instable characteristics, which influence the utilization of biomass energies considerably. To address the problems concerning reasonable flue gas flow caused by the collaborative design of arch and air staging and the combustion adaptability of fuels, a cold modeling experiment of a 1 t/h biomass boiler under different staged air distribution ratios when the rear arch coverage varies was conducted using Fluent software in this study after thermal performance computation and initial structural design of grate and furnace. Furthermore, a boiler performance test based on main fuels and a combustion adaptation test of auxiliary fuels were also performed. The experiments show that the best flue gas flow in the furnace is achieved when the rear arch coverage is 60% and the primary–secondary air distribution ratio is 4:6. The mean boiler efficiency and the mean boiler heat output are 81.26% and 715.76 kW/h by using Pinus koraiensis pellets, wood–straw mixed pellets, and cotton straw briquettes as main fuels;and the tested pollutant emissions are in compliance with the limits of the national standard. The results of the combustion adaptation test reveal that the excessive particle size, the high ash content and the relatively low calorific value of biomass molded fuels are all against the combustion of biomass boilers. Fuel upgrading based on washing process and other methods is suggested. This study can provide references to the performance optimization of traditional small-scale biomass chain heating boilers. © 2020 All Rights Reserved

关键词： Fuels

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Research on Quantification Method of Maize Leaf Phenotype Parameters Based on Machine Vision

Research on Quantification Method of Maize Leaf Phenotype Pa...

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Computer Engineering and Intelligent Communications (ISCEIC), International Symposium on

作者： Wang Jinyong Tan Wenrong Hou Shuaimin Wang Yang Zhang Hongna School of Computer Science and Technology Southwest Minzu University for Nationalities China (or P. R. China) Key Laboratory of Computer System National Civil Committee Southwest Minzu University for Nationalities China Inner Mongolia Electric Power Survey and Design Institute Co. Ltd. China School of Computer Science and Technology Southwest Minzu University for Nationalities China Inner Mongolia Qingcheng Urban and Rural Construction Research Institute China

ISBN: (数字)9781728181714

ISBN: (纸本)9781728181721

This paper aims to obtain a model (method) for monitering the growth of corn automatically and accurately. The latest computer vision technology is applied to calculate the method of extracting the surface characteristic parameters. Binocular vision technology is used to calculate the 3D point cloud of maize image. Meanwhile, the 3D point noise reduction established by bilateral filtering is adopted to establish the 3D reconstruction model of maize. In the 3D model, the height and width of maize are calculated proportionally. The error rate of the proposed method is 0.52%. This work provides a reference for the growth monitoring and virtual growth of corn.

关键词： Image segmentation Cameras Three-dimensional displays Fitting Mathematical model Agriculture Error analysis

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0.04 degree-per-hour MEMS disk resonator gyroscope with high-quality factor (510 k) and long decaying time constant(74.9 s)

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 46-56页

作者： Qingsong Li Dingbang Xiao Xin Zhou Yi Xu Ming Zhuo Zhanqiang Hou Kaixuan He Yongmeng Zhang Xuezhong Wu College of Intelligence Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of MicroelectronicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China East China Institute of Photo-Electron IC Bengbu 233042China

The disk resonator gyroscope is an attractive candidate for high-performance MEMS *** gyroscope consists of a sensor and readout electronics,and the characteristics of the sensor directly determine the *** the sensor,a high-quality factor and long decaying time constant are the most important characteristics required to achieve high *** report a disk resonator gyroscope with a measured quality factor of 510 k and decaying time constant of 74.9 s,which is a record for MEMS silicon disk resonator gyroscopes,to the best of our *** improve the quality factor of the DRG,the quality factor improvement mechanism is first analyzed,and based on this mechanism two stiffness-mass decoupled methods,i.e.,spoke length distribution optimization and lumped mass configuration design,are proposed and demonstrated.A disk resonator gyroscope prototype is fabricated based on these design strategies,and the sensor itself shows an angle random walk as low as 0.001°/√h,demonstrating true potential to achieve navigation-grade *** gyroscope with readout electronics shows an angle random walk of 0.01°/√h and a bias instability of 0.04°/h at room temperature without compensation,revealing that the performance of the gyroscope is severely limited by the readout electronics,which should be further *** expect that the quality factor improvement methods can be used in the design of other MEMS gyroscopes and that the newly designed DRG can be further improved to achieve navigation-grade performances for high-end industrial,transportation,aerospace,and automotive applications.

关键词： resonator constant attractive

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