This paper considers a scenario in which an access point (AP) is equipped with a mobile edge server of finite computing power, and serves multiple resource-hungry mobile users by charging users a price. Pricing provid...
详细信息
During the operation of the Pressurized Water reactor recirculation steam generator, sludge particles from the feed water system and secondary system, mainly corrosion products, converge in the secondary side of steam...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9784890471676
During the operation of the Pressurized Water reactor recirculation steam generator, sludge particles from the feed water system and secondary system, mainly corrosion products, converge in the secondary side of steam generator. Since the saturated steam exiting the steam generator carries almost no sludge, the corrosion products' concentration increases with time. Although a part of the sludge can be removed by the blowdown system, the rest will either suspend in the water or deposit as a result of gravity, boiling or turbulence. Some sludge particles deposited on the surfaces of heat transfer tubes, tube sheet, and tube supporting plates or in the gaps around will cause a variety of problems, such as accelerating component device corrosion. The sludge collector is a passive device located in the upper internals of a PWR U-tube natural recirculation steam generator. It is able to trap and collect the sludge particles suspending in the secondary side fluid, which helps in reducing the amount of sludge available to settle on the tube bundle area. In this paper, the flow conditions and the sludge particle tracks around the sludge collector in a typical U-tube recirculation steam generator are studied by using a Computational Fluid Dynamics method. For the simulation method, a k-e model is selected as the turbulent model, and the two-way coupling Lagrangian Particle Tracking scheme is employed to account for the momentum transfer effects between the continuous phase of fluid and the discrete phase of particles. The forces acting on the sludge particles in this paper include the drag force, buoyancy force, and other additional forces such as added mass force and pressure gradient force. And the number of the representative particles captured by the sludge collector is also studied, while the mass flow rate entering the sludge collector is always paid more attention. The simulation results have successfully captured the flow patterns and the tracks of the representative
In this study, the Vlasov-Poisson equation with or without collision term for plasma is solved by the unified gas kinetic scheme (UGKS). The Vlasov equation is a differential equation describing time evolution of the ...
详细信息
Spacer grids with mixing vanes are generally used in fuel assemblies of Pressurized Water reactor (PWR), because that mixing vanes could enhance the lateral turbulent mixing in subchannels. Thus, heat exchangements ar...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9784890471676
Spacer grids with mixing vanes are generally used in fuel assemblies of Pressurized Water reactor (PWR), because that mixing vanes could enhance the lateral turbulent mixing in subchannels. Thus, heat exchangements are more efficient, and the value of departure from nucleate boiling (DNB) is greatly increased. Actually turbulent mixing is composed of two kinds of flows: swirling flow inside the subchannel and cross flow between subchannels. Swirling flow could induce mixing between hot water near the rod and cold water in the center of the subchannel, and may accelerate deviation of the bubbles from the rod surface. Besides, crossing flow help to mixing water between hot subchannels and cold subchannels, which impact relatively large flow area. As a result, how to accurately capture and how to predict the complicated mixing phenomenon are of great concernments. Recently many experimental studies has been conducted to provide detailed turbulent mixing in rod bundle, among which Laser Doppler Velocimetry method is widely used. With great development of Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD has been validated as an analysis method for nuclear engineering, especially for single phase calculation. This paper presents the CFD simulation and validation of the turbulent mixing induced by spacer grid with mixing vanes in rod bundles. Experiment data used for validation came from 5 X5 rod bundle test with LDV technology, which is organized by science and technology on reactorsystemdesigntechnologylaboratory. A 5 X5 rod bundle with two spacer grids were used. Each rod has dimension of 9.5 mm in outer diameter and distance between rods is 12.6 mm. Two axial bulk velocities were conducted at 3.0 m/s for high Reynolds number and 1.0 m/s for low Reynolds number. Working pressure was 1.0 bar, and temperature was about 25 V. Two different distances from the downstream of the mixing spacer grid and one from upstream were acquired. Mean axial velocities and turbulent intensities (Wrms
Porous materials are effective for the isolation of sound with medium to high frequencies, while periodic structures are promising for low to medium frequencies. In the present work, we study the sound insulation of a...
详细信息
The frequency hopping mobile ad-hoc network (FH MANET) is a communication network that combines frequency hopping (FH) technology and mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) technology. FH technology can improve the anti-interf...
The frequency hopping mobile ad-hoc network (FH MANET) is a communication network that combines frequency hopping (FH) technology and mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) technology. FH technology can improve the anti-interference performance of the network, and MANET technology improves the mobility and anti-destructiveness of the network. It can be networked autonomously without manual intervention and other network facilities. It has strong application value in complex battlefield environment and occasions with harsh environment and high confidentiality requirements. The frequency hopping pattern (FHP) design is a keytechnology in the FH MANET, which is directly related to the network's anti-interference and multipath fading capabilities. In this paper, a wide interval expansion method (WIEBM) based on m-sequence and non-continuous tap L-G model is proposed. The experimental results demonstrate that proposed scheme can effectively improve the anti-interference ability of the system. It has the ability to resist more than 30% of broadband interference.
Thermal characteristics during startup of CSR1000 are directly related to the security of supercritical water reactors. The heat transfer model during power-raising phase is built according to the sliding pressure mod...
详细信息
For the purpose of figuring out the thermal-hydraulic behaviors during bottom reflooding in the narrow rectangular channel of plate-type fuel reactor, experimental apparatus was established to simulate the bottom refl...
详细信息
暂无评论