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Dynamic response of the cell traction force to osmotic shock

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第5期9卷 321-331页

作者： Yongman Liu Wenjie Wu Shuo Feng Ye Chen Xiaoping Wu Qingchuan Zhang Shangquan Wu School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University230032 HefeiChina CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Material Department of Modern MechanicsCAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China230026 HefeiChina

Osmotic pressure is vital to many physiological activities,such as cell proliferation,wound healing and disease ***,how cells interact with the extracellular matrix(ECM)when subjected to osmotic shock remains ***,we visualize the mechanical interactions between cells and the ECM during osmotic shock by quantifying the dynamic evolution of the cell traction *** show that both hypertonic and hypotonic shocks induce continuous and large changes in cell traction ***,the traction force varies with cell volume:the traction force increases as cells shrink and decreases as cells ***,the direction of the traction force is independent of cell volume changes and is always toward the center of the cell-substrate ***,we reveal a mechanical mechanism in which the change in cortical tension caused by osmotic shock leads to the variation in traction force,which suggests a simple method for measuring changes in cell cortical *** findings provide new insights into the mechanical force response of cells to the external environment and may provide a deeper understanding of how the ECM regulates cell structure and function.

关键词： traction healing wound

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Molecular levers enable anomalously enhanced strength and toughness of cellulose nanocrystal at cryogenic temperature

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 8036-8041页

作者： YuanZhen Hou Jun Xia ZeZhou He YinBo Zhu HengAn Wu CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsCAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

The quest for widespread applications especially in extreme environments accentuates the necessity to design materials with robust mechanical and thermodynamic *** all existing materials yield temperature-variant mechanical properties,essentially determined by their different atomic bonding *** general,weak non-covalent interactions are considered to diminish the structural anti-destabilization of covalent crystals despite the toughening ***,starting from multiscale theoretical modeling,we herein reveal an anomalous stabilizing effect in cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)by the cooperation between the non-covalent hydrogen bonds and covalent glucosidic skeleton,namely molecular levers(MLs).It is surprising to find that the hydrogen bonds in MLs behave like covalent bindings under cryogenic conditions,which provide anomalously enhanced strength and toughness for *** analyses demonstrate that the unique dynamical mechanical behaviors from ambient to deep cryogenic temperatures are synergetic results of the intrinsic temperature dependence veiled in MLs and the overall thermo-induced CNC destabilization/*** the consequence,the variation trend of mechanical strength exhibits a bilinear temperature dependence with~77 K as the turning *** underlying investigations not only establish the bottom–up interrelations from the hydrogen bonding thermodynamics to the crystal-scale mechanical properties,but also facilitate the potential application of cellulose-based materials at extremely low temperatures such as those in outer space.

关键词： cellulose nanocrystal molecular lever thermodynamic stability thermo-mechanical behavior cryogenic temperature

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISSION PRODUCT DIFFUSION/RELEASE MODEL FOR FAILED TRISO PARTICLES 30

THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISSION PRODUCT DIFFUSION/RELEASE MODEL F...

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30th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, ICONE 2023

作者： Zheng, Junqiang He, Yanan Wu, Junmei Wu, Yingwei Li, Yuanming Tian, Wenxi Su, Guanghui Qiu, Suizheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institution of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9784888982566

TRISO coated fuel particle has been adopted in the design of various reactors and Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) due to its excellent accident tolerant performance under high temperatures and other severe conditions. Accurately estimating fission product release from TRISO-coated fuel particles is indispensable to calculate the mechanistic source term. In most models, a bare kernel is substituted conservatively for failed particle. Thus, a theoretical method was proposed to describe the transport of fission products in intact and failed fuel particles. In this paper, to analyze the diffusion and release characteristics of intact TRISO-coated fuel particles' fission products, the fission products diffusion model of TRISO-coated fuel particles with thermal-mechanical coupling was established based on the COMSOL Multiphysics software and verified by the IAEA CRP-6 benchmark. The results indicate that the predictions by the developed fission product transport model is reasonable. Moreover, to analyze fission product release for failed partials, a conceptual theoretical method was proposed. The adsorption and desorption constraint model for fission products at the gas-solid interface and the gas phase diffusion model were added to the original model to analyze. Subsequently, predictions comparison for fission products' fractional release in failed particles between the proposed method and the Settings adopted in BISON were completed. The result suggests that the gas-phase diffusion model is feasible and seems favorable to simulate the diffusion of fission products in the failed coating layers. © 2023 by JSME.

关键词： Fission products

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MAGPNet: Multi-Domain Attention-Guided Pyramid Network for Infrared Small Object Detection

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2024年 1-18页

作者： Ding, Leqi Wang, Biyun Yao, Lixiu Cai, Yunze Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityKey Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanghai200240 China National Key Laboratory of Air-based Information Perception and Fusion Henan Luoyang471009 China Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Control Technology Infrared Detection Technology R&D Center of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Shanghai201109 China

To overcome the obstacles of poor feature extraction and little prior information on the appearance of infrared dim small targets, we propose a multi-domain attention-guided pyramid network (MAGPNet). Specifically, we design three modules to ensure that salient features of small targets can be acquired and retained in the multi-scale feature maps. To improve the adaptability of the network for targets of different sizes, we design a kernel aggregation attention block with a receptive field attention branch and weight the feature maps under different perceptual fields with attention mechanism. Based on the research on human vision system, we further propose an adaptive local contrast measure module to enhance the local features of infrared small targets. With this parameterized component, we can implement the information aggregation of multi-scale contrast saliency maps. Finally, to fully utilize the information within spatial and channel domains in feature maps of different scales, we propose the mixed spatial-channel attention-guided fusion module to achieve high-quality fusion effects while ensuring that the small target features can be preserved at deep layers. Experiments on public datasets demonstrate that our MAGPNet can achieve a better performance over other state-of-the-art methods in terms of the intersection of union, Precision, Recall, and F-measure. In addition, we conduct detailed ablation studies to verify the effectiveness of each component in our network. © 2024, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

关键词： Software engineering

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Engineering design of feedstock powder and relevant thermal-mechanical performance of thermal/environmental barrier coatings

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第2期14卷 37-56页

作者： Xinchang Feng Fangwei Guo Lirong Luo Yuzhang Wang Yun Long Xiaofeng Zhao Fei Pan Lei Guo Qingfeng Zeng Jing Feng Chunlei Wan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Engineering Research Center of Special Equipment and Power System for Ship and Marine Engineering Shanghai 200030China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China Innovative Sensor Technology IST AG Ebnat-Kappel 9642Switzerland School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianmushan Laboratory Hangzhou 311115China School of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The development of aeroengine with a high thrust-weight ratio poses great challenges for current top-coating thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) in service. Medium/high-entropy ceramics are highly promising candidate material for advanced TBCs/EBCs owing to their low thermal conductivity, high melting point, high-temperature stability, and calcium–magnesium–alumino–silicate (CMAS) resistance. Most feedstock powder used for medium/high-entropy TBCs/EBCs is prepared via traditional spray drying, which cannot fully exploit the advantages of multicomponent ceramics. The density, sphericity, inner structure, and flowability of feedstock powder affect their melting state during the thermal spraying process, which strongly affects the microstructure and properties of the deposited coatings. Therefore, the deposited coatings exhibit phase segregation, amorphous phases, and microstructure defects owing to unpredictable variations in feedstock powder with random morphologies and structures. Here, the structure and properties of feedstock powder prepared by state-of-the-art granulation technologies and their influences on the deposited coatings were systematically investigated, which can provide guidance for configuration optimization of feedstock powder and the manufacturing accuracy of the deposited coating. This review aims to bridge the gap between cutting-edge ceramics and advanced engineering technologies, thus providing concrete background knowledge and crucial guidelines for designing and developing TBCs/EBCs.

关键词： thermal/environmental barrier coatings(TBCs/EBCs) spraying ceramic powder multiscale structure control high-entropy ceramics thermal-mechanical performance

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Optimization of spatial structure designs of control rod using Monte Carlo code RMC

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 974-983页

作者： Hao LUO Mancang LI Shanfang HUANG Minyun LIU Kan WANG Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology China National Nuclear Corporation Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China

Control rod is the most important approach to control reactivity in reactors,which is currently a cluster of pins filled with boron carbide(B4C).In this case,neutrons are captured in the outer region,and thus the inner absorber is ***,the lifetime of the control rod is challenged due to the high reactivity worth loss resulted from the excessive degradation of B4C in the high flux *** this work,some control rod designs are proposed with optimized spatial structures including the spatially mixed rod,radially moderated rod,and composite control rod with small-sized *** control rod worth and effective absorption cross section of these designs are computed using the Monte Carlo code RMC.A long-time depletion calculation is conducted to evaluate their burnup *** the spatially mixed rod,rare-earth absorbers are combined with B4C in spatial *** with the homogenous B4C rod,mixed designs ensure more sufficient reactivity worth in the lifetime of the *** minimum reactivity loss at the end of the cycle is only 1.8%from the dysprosium titanate rod,while the loss for pure B4C rod is nearly 12%.For the radially moderated design,a doubled neutronic efficiency is achieved when the volume ratio of moderator equals approximately 0.3,while excessive moderating may lead to the failure of control *** control rod with small-sized pins processes an enhanced safety performance and saves the investment in *** rod worth can be further enhanced by introducing small moderator pins,and the reactivity loss caused by the reduction of absorbers is sustainable.

关键词： control rod optimized spatial structure neutronic performance burnup stability

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Advancing PAM-less genome editing in soybean using CRISPR-SpRY

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园艺研究（英文） 2024年第8期11卷 41-49页

作者： Xiao Chen Zhaohui Zhong Xu Tang Suxin Yang Yaohua Zhang Shoudong Wang Yiqian Liu Ye Zhang Xuelian Zheng Yong Zhang Xianzhong Feng Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding National Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and UtilizationNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China Department of Biotechnology School of Life Sciences and TechnologyCenter for Informational BiologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Department of Biotechnology School of Life Sciences and TechnologyCenter for Informational BiologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science City Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSchool of Life SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding National Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and UtilizationNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Life Sciences Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118China

Although CRISPR-Cas9 technology has been rapidly applied in soybean genetic improvement,it is difficult to achieve the targeted editing of the specific loci in the soybean complex genome due to the limitations of the classical protospacer adjacent motif(PAM).Here,we developed a PAM-less genome editing system mediated by SpRY in *** performing targeted editing of representative agronomic trait targets in soybean and evaluating the results,we demonstrate that the SpRY protein can achieve efficient targeted mutagenesis at relaxed PAM sites in ***,the SpRY-based cytosine base editor SpRY-hA3A and the adenine base editor SpRY-ABE8e both can accurately induce C-to-T and A-to-G conversion in soybean,***,our data illustrate that the SpRY toolbox can edit the soybean genomic sequence in a PAM-free manner,breaking restrictive PAM barriers in the soybean genome editing technology *** importantly,our research enriches soybean genome editing tools,which has important practical application value for precise editing and molecular design in soybean breeding.

关键词： genome advancing crispr-spry editing pam-less soybean using

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CFD simulation of thermal hydraulic characteristics in a typical upper plenum of RPV

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 930-945页

作者： Mingjun WANG Lianfa WANG Yingjie WANG Wenxi TIAN Jian DENG Guanghui SU Suizheng QI State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Department of Nuclear Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China

A comparative computational fluid dynamics(CFD)study was conducted on the three different types of pressurized water reactor(PWR)upper plenum,named TYPE 1(support columns(SCs)and control rod guide tubes(CRGTs)with two large windows),TYPE 2(SCs and CRGTs without windows),and TYPE 3(two parallel perforated barrel shells and CRGTs).First,three types of upper plenum geometry information were collected,simplified,and adopted into the BORA facility,which is a 1/5 scale system of the four-loop PWR ***,the geometry,including the upper half core,upper plenum region,and hot legs,was built using the Salome *** that,an unsteady calculation to simulate the reactor balance operation at hot full power scenario was ***,the differences of flowrate distribution at the core outlet and temperature distribution and transverse velocity inside the hot legs with different upper plenum internals were *** results suggest that TYPE 1 upper plenum internals cause the largest flowrate difference at the core outlet while TYPE 3 leads to the most even distributed *** distribution and evolution pattern of the tangential velocity inside hot legs is highly dependent on the upper plenum *** counter-rotating swirls exist inside the TYPE 1 hot leg and only one swirl revolving around the hog leg axis exist inside the TYPE 2 hot *** TYPE 3,two swirls like that of TYPE 1 rotating around the hot leg axis significantly increase the temperature homogenization *** research provides meaningful guidelines for the future optimization and design of advanced PWR upper plenum internal structures.

关键词： pressurized water reactor(PWR) upper plenum internal structures temperature distribution computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

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design and Application of Multi-body Dynamics Optimization design Software Architecture 2nd

Design and Application of Multi-body Dynamics Optimization D...

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2nd International Conference of Mechanical system Dynamics, ICMSD 2023

作者： Yang, Shuai Rong, Bao Lin, Shengtan Institute of Launch Dynamics National Key Laboratory of Complex Multibody System Dynamics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819980475

With the development of computer science, the optimization method has been widely used in the dynamic design process of complex multi-body systems. In the optimization design of complex multi-body systems in different fields, there are many problems, such as large amount of calculation, low efficiency and difficult optimization of complex optimization problems. In this paper, a multi-body dynamic optimization design software (MSTMM-OPT) is designed and implemented, which combines the transfer matrix method and the approximate model to realize the optimal design of single-multi-objective problems. The software has the main functions of sensitivity analysis, experiment design, approximate model construction, optimization and solving, and realizes each function and corresponding post-processing result display function combined with interface design. The software can realize the optimization design of complex systems. By calculating a series of standard test functions, the software is compared with the similar multidisciplinary optimization software ISIGHT software, which shows that the main functions of the software are equivalent to those of similar foreign software. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Region Division and Leader-Follower Communication

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Region Division and ...

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2024 china Automation Congress, CAC 2024

作者： Wang, Chao Xu, Xiang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368604

The integration of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) into complex systems has paved new ways for collaborative problem-solving. However, traditional approaches to MARL frequently encounter the challenge of achieving efficient communication among agents, essential for coordinated action. This paper introduces a region division and leader-follower(RDLF) communication algrithm with the MARL framework. RDLF divides the environment into several regions, each managed by a leader agent that coordinates the actions of follower agents and handling inter-region communication. This hierarchical structure reduces unnecessary communication, enhancing learning efficiency. Experimental results in multi-particle environments demonstrate RDLF’s superiority over existing MARL algorithms, especially with increasing agent numbers. RDLF effectively addresses scalability and communication challenges in large-scale multi-agent systems, providing a robust foundation for its application in complex and dynamic environment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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