The current research of nuclear control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)movable latch only makes a simple measurement of wear *** wear volume and difference in various claw surfaces are ignored and the degradation mechanism ...
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The current research of nuclear control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)movable latch only makes a simple measurement of wear *** wear volume and difference in various claw surfaces are ignored and the degradation mechanism of each claw surface is not *** this paper,a detailed degradation analysis was carried out on each claw surface of movable latch combined with wear result and worn *** indicate that the boundary of carbide is preferred for corrosion because carbide presents a nobler Volta potential compared to the metal matrix or boundary *** to the oscillation of drive shaft between the claw surfaces of movable latch,the dominant wear mechanism on the upper surface of claw(USC)and lower surface of claw(LSC)is plastic deformation caused by impact *** impact wear will cause the fragmentation of carbides because of the high hardness and low ductility of *** promotes the broken carbides to fall off from the metal *** generated fine carbides(abrasive particles)cause extra abrasive wear on USC when the movable brings the drive shaft upward or *** a result,USC has a higher wear volume than *** research proposes a method to evaluate the wear on the whole movable latches using a 3D full-size scanner.
All-season thermal management with zero energy consumption and emissions is more crucial to global decarbonization over traditional energy-intensive cooling/heating ***,the static single thermal management for cooling...
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All-season thermal management with zero energy consumption and emissions is more crucial to global decarbonization over traditional energy-intensive cooling/heating ***,the static single thermal management for cooling or heating fails to self-regulate the temperature in dynamic seasonal temperature ***,inspired by the dual-temperature regulation function of the fur color changes on the backs and abdomens of penguins,a smart thermal management composite hydrogel(PNA@H-PM Gel)system was subtly created though an"on-demand"dual-layer structure design *** PNA@H-PM Gel system features synchronous solar and thermal radiation modulation as well as tunable phase transition temperatures to meet the variable seasonal thermal requirements and energy-saving demands via self-adaptive radiative cooling and solar heating ***,this system demonstrates superb modulations of both the solar reflectance(ΔR=0.74)and thermal emissivity(ΔE=0.52)in response to ambient temperature changes,highlighting efficient temperature regulation with average radiative cooling and solar heating effects of 9.6℃in summer and 6.1℃in winter,***,compared to standard building baselines,the PNA@H-PM Gel presents a more substantial energy-saving cooling/heating potentials for energy-efficient buildings across various regions and *** novel solution,inspired by penguins in the real world,will offer a fresh approach for producing intelligent,energy-saving thermal management materials,and serve for temperature regulation under dynamic climate conditions and even throughout all seasons.
Ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented persistent deterioration due to unsustainable anthropogenic human activities,such as overfishing and deforestation,and the effects of such damage on ecological stability are ***...
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Ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented persistent deterioration due to unsustainable anthropogenic human activities,such as overfishing and deforestation,and the effects of such damage on ecological stability are *** recent advances in experimental and theoretical studies on regime shifts and tipping points,theoretical tools for understanding the extinction chain,which is the sequence of species extinctions resulting from overexploitation,are still lacking,especially for large-scale nonlinear networked *** this study,we developed a mathematical tool to predict regime shifts and extinction chains in ecosystems under multiple exploitation situations and verified it in 26 real-world mutualistic networks of various sizes and *** discovered five phases during the exploitation process:safe,partial extinction,bistable,tristable,and collapse,which enabled the optimal design of restoration strategies for degraded or collapsed *** validated our approach using a 20-year dataset from an eelgrass restoration ***,we also found a specific region in the diagram spanning exploitation rates and competition intensities,where exploiting more species helps increase *** computational tool provides insights into harvesting,fishing,exploitation,or deforestation plans while conserving or restoring the biodiversity of mutualistic ecosystems.
This paper presents that a serpentine curve-based controller can solve locomotion control problems for articulated space robots with extensive flight phases,such as obstacle avoidance during free floating or attitude ...
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This paper presents that a serpentine curve-based controller can solve locomotion control problems for articulated space robots with extensive flight phases,such as obstacle avoidance during free floating or attitude adjustment before *** proposed algorithm achieves articulated robots to use closed paths in the joint space to accomplish the above *** snakes,which can shuttle through gaps and adjust their landing posture by swinging their body during gliding in jungle environments,inspired the design of two *** first maneuver generates a rotation of the system by varying the moment of inertia between the joints of the robot,with the magnitude of the net rotation depending on the controller *** maneuver can be repeated to allow the robot to reach arbitrary *** second maneuver involves periodic undulations,allowing the robot to avoid collisions when the trajectory of the global Center of Mass(CM)passes through the *** maneuvers are based on the improved serpenoid curve,which can adapt to redundant systems consisting of different numbers of ***,the simulation illustrates that combining the two maneuvers can help a free-floating chain-type robot traverse complex *** proposed algorithm can be used with similar articulated robot models.
Intelligent machinery fault diagnosis methods have been popularly and successfully developed in the past decades,and the vibration acceleration data collected by contact accelerometers have been widely *** many indust...
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Intelligent machinery fault diagnosis methods have been popularly and successfully developed in the past decades,and the vibration acceleration data collected by contact accelerometers have been widely *** many industrial scenarios,contactless sensors are more *** event camera is an emerging bio-inspired technology for vision sensing,which asynchronously records per-pixel brightness change polarity with high temporal resolution and low *** offers a promising tool for contactless machine vibration sensing and fault ***,the dynamic vision-based methods suffer from variations of practical factors such as camera position,machine operating condition,***,as a new sensing technology,the labeled dynamic vision data are limited,which generally cannot cover a wide range of machine fault *** at these challenges,a novel dynamic vision-based machinery fault diagnosis method is proposed in this *** is motivated to explore the abundant vibration acceleration data for enhancing the dynamic vision-based model performance.A crossmodality feature alignment method is thus proposed with deep adversarial neural networks to achieve fault diagnosis knowledge *** event erasing method is further proposed for improving model robustness against *** proposed method can effectively identify unseen fault mode with dynamic vision *** on two rotating machine monitoring datasets are carried out for validations,and the results suggest the proposed method is promising for generalized contactless machinery fault diagnosis.
This paper is an investigation of the gas mixing and depressurization effects of containment spray on hydrogen risk during a typical severe accident in a light water reactor (LWR). Two spray tests (ST3_0 and ST3_1) we...
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Photoelectric imaging systems usually pursue a small-sized point spread function (PSF) to acquire high-quality images, but it also poses safety hazards for the camera in certain scenarios. For instance, ultrahigh inte...
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The Tracking,Telemetering,and Command(TT&C)communication of spacecraft faces severe limitations during *** Electromagnetic(EM)propagation channel is influenced by changes in the flight state and fluid *** addition...
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The Tracking,Telemetering,and Command(TT&C)communication of spacecraft faces severe limitations during *** Electromagnetic(EM)propagation channel is influenced by changes in the flight state and fluid *** addition to the high-speed spatial channel,the Plasma Sheath Channel(PSC),which covers the surface of spacecraft,exhibits unique nonstationary and highly dynamic time-varying *** absence of a channel model for the reentry process of spacecraft negatively impacts the quality evaluation and systemdesign of TT&C *** paper summarizes the methods for nonstationary PSC modeling,involving calculation methods for attenuation and phase shift in the channel,as well as a multistate nonstationary channel statistical model based on a hidden Markov ***,the correlation between amplitude variation and phase variation with electron density is *** paper also provides statistical characteristics of the channel and channel parameters at typical frequencies in the S/C/X/Ka *** findings serve as a reference for the design and evaluation of TT&C communication systems for reentry ***,the paper discusses the prospects of various aspects related to the channel characteristics and modeling of spacecraft PSCs in the shortwave and terahertz/laser bands,as well as the potential challenges in cross-domain spacecraft channel sensing and prediction.
To guarantee secure communication against eavesdropping and malicious attack,an artificial noise(AN)-aided frequency-hopping(FH)architecture is adopted in this *** the inevitable time misalignment between the received...
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To guarantee secure communication against eavesdropping and malicious attack,an artificial noise(AN)-aided frequency-hopping(FH)architecture is adopted in this *** the inevitable time misalignment between the received signal and locally reconstructed AN will deteriorate the AN cancellation performance,yielding significant secrecy degradation at the FH *** view of this,first,the AN cancellation performance under time misalignment is evaluated via signal to AN-plus-noise ratio,and the system secrecy is analyzed via secrecy ***,to mitigate the performance degradation raised by time misalignment,the transmitting power allocation scheme for AN and confidential signal(CS)is optimized,and the optimal hopping period is ***,the obtained conclusions in both the performance evaluation and transmitter optimization sections hold no matter whether the eavesdropper can realize FH synchronization or *** verify that time misalignment will raise non-negligible performance ***,the power ratio of AN to CS should decrease as time misalignment increases,and for perfect time synchronization,the transmitting power of AN and CS should be *** addition,a longer hopping period is preferred for secrecy enhancement when time misalignment gets exacerbated.
With the rapid development of Mg alloys,deeper understanding to the thermodynamic and diffusional kinetic behavior of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)is important for studying the effect of alloying elements to the micro...
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With the rapid development of Mg alloys,deeper understanding to the thermodynamic and diffusional kinetic behavior of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)is important for studying the effect of alloying elements to the microstructure ***,a systematic quantitative investigation on the diffusional growth of IMCs is of great ***,the works studying the elemental diffusion behaviors of multiple-element IMCs are rare in magnesium alloy *** current work takes the ternary Mg-Al-Zn system as research target,and combines the diffusion couple technique,phase stability diagrams,in-situ observation technique and numerical inverse method to investigate the temperature-dependent kinetic *** parabolic growth constant(PGC)and interdiffusion coefficients for Mg solid-solution phase andγ-Mg_(17)Al_(12),β-Mg_(2)Al_(3),ε-Mg_(23)Al_(30),MgZn_(2),Mg_(2)Zn_(3),τ-Mg_(32)(Zn,Al)49 andφ-Mg_(5)Zn_(2)Al_(2) IMCs in the Mg-Al-Zn alloy system are *** comparing the current experimental with calculation results,the rate-controlling factor of the temperature-dependent diffusion growth ofφ,τandεternary IMCs in the Mg-Al-Zn system is further discussed in detail.
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