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作者： Zhang, Minjie Xiang, Shuhong Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Reliability and Environment Engineering Beijing China

Numerous pyrotechnic devices are used in aerospace vehicles to separate structural subsystems, deploy appendages, or activate on-board operational subsystems. The state-of-the-art for pyroshock prediction, design and test verification has not yet reached the maturity of other environmental disciplines, due to the complex, high-frequency nature of pyroshocks. However, recent advances in the analysis and simulation of pyroshocks have led to a better understanding of this environment. This paper presents an overview of the development of characterization of pyroshock, various experimental tests and simulations, analytical and numerical simulation for pyroshock prediction, and protecting techniques. © JVE INTERnational LTD.

关键词： Forecasting

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Graphene-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron:Removal of phosphorus from aqueous solution and mechanistic study

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Journal of environmental sciences 2014年第8期26卷 1751-1762页

作者： Fenglin Liu JingHe Yang Jiane Zuo Ding Ma Lili Gan Bangmi Xie Pei Wang Bo Yang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC) School of EnvironmentTsinghua University Faculty of Chemical Environmental and Biological Science and TechnologyDalian University of Technology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University

Excess phosphorus from non-point pollution sources is one of the key factors causing eutrophication in many lakes in China,so finding a cost-effective method to remove phosphorus from non-point pollution sources is very important for the health of the aqueous environment. Graphene was selected to support nanoscale zero-valent iron（nZVI）for phosphorus removal from synthetic rainwater runoff in this article. Compared with nZVI supported on other porous materials,graphene-supported nZVI（G-nZVI） could remove phosphorus more efficiently. The amount of nZVI in G-nZVI was an important factor in the removal of phosphorus by G-nZVI,and G-nZVI with 20 wt.% nZVI（20% G-nZVI）could remove phosphorus most efficiently. The nZVI was very stable and could disperse very well on graphene,as characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）,Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） and Raman spectroscopy were used to elucidate the reaction process,and the results indicated that Fe-O-P was formed after phosphorus was adsorbed by G-nZVI. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction（XRD） indicated that the reaction product between nZVI supported on graphene and phosphorus was Fe3（PO4）2·8H2O（Vivianite）. It was confirmed that the specific reaction mechanism for the removal of phosphorus with nZVI or G-nZVI was mainly due to chemical reaction between nZVI and phosphorus.

关键词： Nanoscale zero valent iron Phosphorus Graphene Graphene-supported nZVI

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Research and implementation of a peripheral environment simulation tool with domain-specific languages

Research and implementation of a peripheral environment simu...

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3rd International Conference on Computer engineering and Network, CENet 2013

作者： Zhang, Maodi Wang, Zili Xu, Ping Li, Yi Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Reliability and Environment Engineering School of Reliability and System Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Institute of Reliability Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319017655

The importance to build relevant peripheral environment in the testing process for complex embedded software is becoming higher. This paper discussed the current design method of simulation test environment for the embedded software and then presented a modelling method which is used to build peripheral simulation environment for the SUT (system under test) through ICD (interface control data) documents and the software requirement specification. Using this method, the peripheral environment simulation tool which consisted of relevant database and simulation model was set up with Ruby program language. This tool could provide necessary control commands and data support just like in a real running environment for the SUT. Furthermore, a DSL (domain-specific languages) design method for this domain was researched on the basis of the model. The experiment result has demonstrated that it's feasible to set up a peripheral environment for embedded system with our simulation tool. © 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

关键词： Problem oriented languages

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Microbial, urease activities and organic matter responses to nitrogen rate in cultivated soil

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Open Biotechnology Journal 2015年第1期9卷 14-20页

作者： Sun, Jingjing Zhu, Mijia Yang, Xiaoqia Chi, Zhang Jun, Yao School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and National “International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy” Key Laboratory of “Metal and Mine Efficiently Exploiting and Safety” Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China College of Resources and Environment Science Agricultural University of Hebei BaodingHebei071001 China

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is an important field management, this paper was to investigate the responses of microbial activity measured by microcalorimetric technique, urease activity and organic matter to proper nitrogen (N) fertilizer in cultivated system in the North China Plain. The microcalorimetry results showed that microorganisms under proper N fertilizer rate got the efficient metabolism. The maximum heat production (Pmax) of microcalorimetry parameter implied that increasing the N fertilizer rate, Pmax did not increase always but firstly increased than decreased. In addition, from soil urease activity and organic matter studies, high soil urease activity due to both N fertilizer rate and growth stage and these had light influence on soil organic matter. These results suggest that only proper amount of N fertilizer rate and suitable topdressing for a good wheat-growing environment. © Jingjing et al.

关键词： Soils

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LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION OF SHOCK-WAVE/TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER INTERACTION AND ITS CONTROL USING SPARKJET

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International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 2016年第42期ijmpcs卷

作者： GUANG YANG YUFENG YAO JIAN FANG TIAN GAN LIPENG LU National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-Thermodynamics School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Faculty of Environment and Technology University of the West of England Bristol BS16 1QY United Kingdom

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of an oblique shock-wave generated by an 8° sharp wedge impinging onto a spatially-developing Mach 2.3 turbulent boundary layer and their interactions has been carried out in this study. The Reynolds number based on the incoming flow property and the boundary layer displacement thickness at the impinging point without shock-wave is 20,000. The detailed numerical approaches are described and the inflow turbulence is generated using the digital filter method to avoid artificial temporal or streamwise periodicity. Numerical results are compared with the available wind tunnel PIV measurements of the same flow conditions. Further LES study on the control of flow separation due to the strong shock-viscous interaction is also conducted by using an active control actuator “SparkJet” concept. The single-pulsed characteristics of the control device are obtained and compared with the experiments. Instantaneous flowfield shows that the “SparkJet” promotes the flow mixing in the boundary layer and enhances its ability to resist the flow separation. The time and spanwise averaged skin friction coefficient distribution demonstrates that the separation bubble length is reduced by maximum 35% with the control exerted.

关键词： Large-Eddy simulation shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction SparkJet control

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Polarization statistical properties of electromagnetic waves radiated from communication base stations to UHF band radar

Polarization statistical properties of electromagnetic waves...

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IET International Radar Conference 2015

作者： Bo Ren Longfei Shi Yuliang Chang Xuesong Wang Guoyu Wang State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics & Information System National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan 410073 China College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510822023

UHF band radar can be influenced by the electromagnetic (EM) waves radiated from the communication base stations. Polarimetric measurements and analysis of the EM waves will be helpful to grasp the multi-dimension character of the EM environment which the UHF band radar confronts. In this study, polarization statistical characterization models of the base-station signals received by UHF band radar are established. Probability density functions (PDFs) of the polarization ratio (PR) and the degree of polarization (DoP) are derived in closed forms. Radar polarimetric measurement experiments have been developed for the signals radiated from the single-base station (SBS) and from the multi-base stations (MBS), respectively. Comparisons of these theoretically derived PDFs are made to measurements from real collected data. The different polarization statistical properties of the EM waves from SBS and MBS are revealed.

关键词： Communication base stations Degree of polarization Polarization ratio Probability density function UHF band radar

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Author Correction: Identifying long-term stable refugia for relict plant species in East Asia

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Nature communications 2018年第1期9卷 5241页

作者： Cindy Q Tang Tetsuya Matsui Haruka Ohashi Yi-Fei Dong Arata Momohara Sonia Herrando-Moraira Shenhua Qian Yongchuan Yang Masahiko Ohsawa Hong Truong Luu Paul J Grote Pavel V Krestov Ben LePage Marinus Werger Kevin Robertson Carsten Hobohm Chong-Yun Wang Ming-Chun Peng Xi Chen Huan-Chong Wang Wen-Hua Su Rui Zhou Shuaifeng Li Long-Yuan He Kai Yan Ming-Yuan Zhu Jun Hu Ruo-Han Yang Wang-Jun Li Mizuki Tomita Zhao-Lu Wu Hai-Zhong Yan Guang-Fei Zhang Hai He Si-Rong Yi Hede Gong Kun Song Ding Song Xiao-Shuang Li Zhi-Ying Zhang Peng-Bin Han Li-Qin Shen Diao-Shun Huang Kang Luo Jordi López-Pujol Institute of Ecology and Geobotany Yunnan University 650091 Kunming China. cindyqtang@***. Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Forest Research and Management Organization Matsunosato 1 Tsukuba-shi 305-8687 Ibaraki-ken Japan. Institute of Ecology and Geobotany Yunnan University 650091 Kunming China. Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba University 648 Matsudo 271-8510 Chiba Japan. Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB CSIC-ICUB) Passeig del Migdia s/n 08038 Barcelona Catalonia Spain. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of Education Chongqing University 400045 Chongqing China. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of Education Chongqing University 400045 Chongqing China. ycyang@***. The Nature Conservancy Society of Japan Mitoyo Bldg. 2F 1-16-10 Shinkawa Chuo-ku 104-0033 Tokyo Japan. Southern Institute of Ecology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam. Northeastern Research Institute of Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University 30000 Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand. Botanical Garden-Institute FEB RAS Makovskii Str. 142 690024 Vladivostok Russia. Pacific Gas and Electric Company 3401 Crow Canyon Road 94583 San Ramon CA USA. The Academy of Natural Science 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway 19103 Philadelphia PA USA. Plant Ecology & Biodiversity Utrecht University Domplein 29 3512 JE Utrecht Netherlands. Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy 13093 Henry Beadel Drive 32312 Tallahassee FL USA. Interdisciplinary Institute of environmental Social and Human Studies University of Flensburg Flensburg Germany. Institute of Botany Yunnan University 650091 Kunming Yunnan China. Research Institute of Resource Insects Chinese Academy of Forestry 650224 Kunming China. Kunming Institute of Forestry Exploration and Design The State Forestry Administration of China 650216 Kunming China. Centre for

In the original version of this Article, an incorrect sample size was provided for the number of relict species (443 instead of 442) and the number of relict forests (423 instead of 422). These errors have been correc...

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Designing the mechanical properties of peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels for biomedical applications

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第5期57卷 849-858页

作者： LI Ying QIN Meng CAO Yi WANG Wei Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring & Pollution Control Chemistry DepartmentSchool of Environmental Science & EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science & Technology National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure Department of PhysicsNanjing University

Hydrogels are a class of special materials that contain a large amount of water and behave like *** materials have found broad applications in tissue engineering,cell culturing,regenerative medicine ***,the exploration of peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels has greatly expanded the repertoire of hydrogels suitable for biomedical ***,the mechanical properties of peptide-based hydrogels are intrinsically ***,it is crucial to develop methods that can improve the mechanical stability of such peptide-based *** this review,we explore the factors that determine or influence the mechanical stability of peptide-based hydrogels and summarize several key elements that may guide scientists to achieve mechanically improved *** addition,we exemplified several methods that have been successfully developed to prepare hydrogels with enhanced mechanical *** mechanically strong peptide-based hydrogels may find broad applications as novel *** is still challenging to engineer hydrogels in order to mimic the mechanical properties of biological *** hydrogel materials with optimal mechanical properties suitable for various types of biological applications will be available in the near future.

关键词： low molecular weight gelators （LMWG） peptide-based hydrogel hydrogelation mechanical properties （stability） modulus rheology

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Abstracts from the 2017-2018 Mineral Deposits Studies Group meeting Abstracts

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APPLIED EARTH science-TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF MINING AND METALLURGY 2018年第2期127卷 46-79页

作者： [Anonymous] Natural History Museum () University of Lubumbashi () University of Liege () Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy) () GeoZentrum Nordbayern University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Schlossgarten 5 Erlangen 91054 Germany Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy () INGV Osservatorio Vesuviano Via Diocleziano 328 Napoli 80124 Italy Adventus Zinc Corporation Kells Co. Meath Ireland () Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre East Kilbride G75 0QF UK ( ) The Hunterian University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ () SUERC Glasgow UK School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK Dipartimento Scienze della Terra Università di Napoli ‘Federico II’ Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia 26 Napoli 80126 Italy Centre for Exploration Targeting The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley WA 6009 Australia Serikbaev East Kazakhstan State Technical University (EKSTU) Oskemen Kazakhstan School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Cardiff University Park Place CF10 3AT School of Earth & Ocean Sciences Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK () Department of Geology University of Leicester University Road LE1 7RH School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT () School of Earth & Environmental Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia VM Investment Company (PTY) Ltd. 24 Flicker Road Block A Illovo Johannesburg School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of St Andrews United Kingdom () Natural History Museum University of Oslo Oslo Norway Center for Electron Nanoscopy Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark KIT Synchrotron Radiation Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany Science Division Diamond Light Source Harwell Science and Innovation Campus

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Microbial community functional structure in response to micro-aerobic conditions in sulfate-reducing sulfur-producing bioreactor

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Journal of environmental sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1099-1107页

作者： Hao Yu Chuan Chen Jincai Ma Xijun Xu Ronggui Fan Aijie Wang State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Liaoning Technical University Biosciences and Biotechnology Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

Limited oxygen supply to anaerobic wastewater treatment systems had been demonstrated as an effective strategy to improve elemental sulfur （So） recovery, coupling sulfate reduction and sulfide oxidation. However, little is known about the impact of dissolved oxygen （DO） on the microbial functional structures in these systems. We used a high throughput tool （GeoChip） to evaluate the microbial community structures in a biological desulfurization reactor under micro-aerobic conditions （DO： 0.02-0.33 rag/L）. The results indicated that the microbial community functional compositions and structures were dramatically altered with elevated DO levels. The abundances of dsrA/B genes involved in sulfate reduction processes significantly decreased （p 〈 0.05, LSD test） at relatively high DO concentration （DO： 0.33 mg/L）. The abundances of sox and fccA/B genes involved in sulfur/sulfide oxidation processes significantly increased （p 〈 0.05, LSD test） in low DO concentration conditions （DO： 0.09 mg/L） and then gradually decreased with continuously elevated DO levels. Their abundances coincided with the change of sulfate removal efliciencies and elemental sulfur （S^0） conversion efficiencies in the bioreactor. In addition, the abundance of carbon degradation genes increased with the raising of DO levels, showing that the heterotrophic microorganisms （e.g., fermentative microorganisms） were thriving under micro-aerobic condition. This study provides new insights into the impacts of micro-aerobic conditions on the microbial functional structure of sulfate- reducing sulfur-producing bioreactors, and revealed the potential linkage between functional microbial communities and reactor performance.

关键词： micro-aerobic condition elemental sulfur recovery microbial community functional gene array

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