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Effects of Membrane Cleaning Agent Combined with Microplastics on Activated Sludge in Membrane Bioreactors: Toxicity, key Enzymes, Extracellular Polymers, and Communities

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xu, Jin Zhou, Yimai Zhang, Shiyong Li, Jiaxin Liu, Xiuhong Yang, Qing Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China

Using membrane interception to treat wastewater leads to the accumulation of microplastics in MBR. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) used as an MBR membrane cleaning agent and a disinfectant (oxidizer), inevitably comes into contact with MPs upon diffusion into the mixed liquor, which may cause more severe damage to microorganisms during membrane cleaning. This study investigated the effects of PET-MPs (0, 50, 100 and 300 μg/g-ss) on activated sludge with or without NaClO. The presence of PET-MPs had no significant impact on nitrification and denitrification rates, but when exposed to NaClO, the increasing level of PET-MPs (i.e., from 0 to 300 μg/g-ss) inhibited the nitrification (94.85% to 65.90%) and denitrification (88.68% to 60.09%) rates. For microbial metabolism (key enzymes) evaluated, inhibition of key enzymes involved in organic matter biodegradation, nitrification and denitrification was observed in the presence of PET-MPs level rise under NaClO stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)release rules indicated that the negative effect of PET-MPs on microorganisms likely contributed to the NaClO stress. Correspondingly, a variation in abundance related to membrane pollution， nitrification, and denitrification after exposure to PET-MPs with NaClO stress accompanied these adverse effects. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Toxicity

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Coral Record of Increased Soil Erosion Since East and Southeast Asia Economic Boom

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Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 2023年第3期128卷 e2022JC019397-e2022JC019397页

作者： Li, Xiaohua Zeng, Zhen Liu, Yi Shen, Chuan-Chou Sun, Ruoyu Chang, Ching-Chih Sun, Weidong Yu, Hui-Min Huang, Fang Wu, Chung-Che Yu, Tsai-Luen Huang, Chun-Yuan Chiang, Hong-Wei Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Science Shandong Qingdao China CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Material and Environment School of Earth and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei China School of Earth System Science Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Geosciences High-Precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC) National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Future Earth National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Center of Deep Sea Research Center for Ocean Mega-Science Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Qingdao China Deep-Sea Multidisciplinary Research Center Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) Shandong Qingdao China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Marine Industry and Engineering Research Center National Academy of Marine Research Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Geosciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Soil erosion in East and Southeast Asia is believed to have increased significantly since the regional economic boom of the 1970s–1980s. However, limited records of soil erosion make it difficult to understand and indeed verify such changes. Here we present two new monthly resolved Ba/Ca records from Porites coral skeletons from southern Taiwan and central Vietnam, supplemented with some sporadic monthly and annually resolved coral δ^138/134Ba data. Our records span the 1980s to the 2000s and suggest that there were intervals of elevated seawater Ba concentrations (Ba_sw) during the intervals 1987–1995 in southern Taiwan and 1992–2001 in central Vietnam. In combination with evidence for insignificant changes in regional seawater δ^138/134Ba values, model simulations, and other published coral Ba/Ca records from Lanyu (offshore southeast Taiwan) and Hainan, we infer that the intervals of high Ba_sw values are linked to soil erosion associated with land use changes and socioeconomic developments. The increased sediment loads are also likely responsible for the recent degradation of regional coral reefs. Our study provides new insights into regional soil erosion histories, which may prove useful for guiding soil conservation and sustainable land management. © 2023. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Ba/Ca East and southeast Asia economic boom Porites coral soil erosion δ138/134Ba

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Effects of Different Microplastics Levels Combined with Membrane Cleaning Agent on Activated Sludge in Mbrs: Toxicity, key Enzymes, Extracellular Polymers, and Communities

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

Using membrane interception to treat wastewater leads to the accumulation of microplastics in MBR. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) used as an MBR membrane cleaning agent and a disinfectant (oxidizer), inevitably comes into contact with MPs upon diffusion into the mixed liquor, which may cause more severe damage to microorganisms during membrane cleaning. This study investigated the effects of PET-MPs (0, 50, 100 and 300 μg/g-ss) on activated sludge with or without NaClO stress. The presence of PET-MPs had no significant impact on nitrification and denitrification rates, but when exposed to NaClO, the increasing level of PET-MPs (i.e., from 0 to 300 μg/g-ss) inhibited the nitrification (94.85% to 65.90%) and denitrification (88.68% to 60.09%) rates. For microbial metabolism (key enzymes) evaluated, inhibition of key enzymes involved in organic matter biodegradation, nitrification and denitrification was observed in the presence of PET-MPs level rise under NaClO stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release rules indicated that the negative effect of PET-MPs on microorganisms likely contributed to the NaClO stress. Correspondingly, a variation in abundance related to membrane pollution, nitrification, and denitrification after exposure to PET-MPs with NaClO stress accompanied these adverse effects. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Toxicity

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Embryo Development of Dendrobium officinale in Relation to Seed Germination In Vitro

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BIOLOGY BULLETIN 2023年第SUPPL 3期50卷 S277-S288页

作者： Qi, Xiujin Wang, Qiuyue Xin, Xiaoxue Liu, Yan Yang, Lei Gong, Jianying Yang, Mingqi State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding College of Biological Sciences and Technology Beijing Forestry University 100083 Beijing China Guangxi Academy of Forestry 530002 Nanning China Beijing Forestry University Forest Science Company Ltd. 100083 Beijing China Beijing Forestry University Ecological Environment Engineering Co. Ltd. 100083 Beijing China Shandong Medicine Technician College 271000 Taian China

In this study, we focus on the zygote and embryo development process and the seed germination system in vitro of Dendrobium officinale. Two-celled embryo to early globular embryo could be found in seeds collected at 60 days after pollination (DAP). Seeds at 120 DAP were considered to be at the optimal maturity for asymbiotic germination when their embryos reached the late globular stage. Based on the results on embryo development and optimal seed maturity, culture media and organic supplements were tested to improve the seed germination percentage. Modified B5 medium showed the highest germination percentage, followed by culturing in MS and 1/2 MS media. The organic supplements included 200 mL L-1 potato juice or 100 mL L-1 coconut juice effectively increased the germination rate and improved the quality of the protocorms. The relationship between the defined process of embryo development and the seed germination in vitro showed that the seeds at 120 DAP in darkness culture condition in the modified B5 medium supplemented with 200 mL L-1 potato juice was the optimal combination to maximize germination. This study provides knowledge for large-scale industrial seedling production and for the further study of extraction medicinal ingredients from the protocorm of D. officinale.

关键词： Dendrobium officinale embryo development germination organic supplements

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Jahn-Teller distortion assisted interstitial nitrogen engineering:Enhanced oxygen dehydrogenation activity of N-doped Mn_(x)Co_(3-x)O_(4) hierarchical micro-nano particles

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Nano Research 2021年第8期14卷 2637-2643页

作者： Yangxin Jin Fengfeng Li Peixin Cui Yun Yang Qingping Ke Minh Ngoc Ha Wangcheng Zhan Fei Ruan Chao Wan Zhao Lei Van Noi Nguyen Wei Chen Jun Tang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of Technology Maanshan 243002China College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035China Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China VNU Key Laboratory of Advanced Material for Green Growth VNU University of ScienceVietnam National UniversityHanoi 100000Vietnam Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Rational design of earth-abundant transition metal oxides catalysts is highly desirable for developing sustainable chemical ***,we demonstrate a prospective interstitial nitrogen engineering for fabricating oxygen vacancies(OVs)-rich nitrogen-doped-Mn_(x)Co_(3-x)O_(4)(N-Mn_(x)Co_(3-x)O_(4))oxide catalyst,in which the ratio of OVs concentration of N-Mn_(x)Co_(3-x)O_(4)to Mn species is as high as 1:1,according to the characterizations of X-ray absorption(XAS)and X-ray photoelectron(XPS)*** promising strategy of interstitial nitrogen engineering through lattice distortion caused by the Jahn-Teller effect can significantly increase the amount of interstitial *** resulting catalyst enables an additive-free aerobic dehydrogenation coupling of aromatic amine to afford azo compounds with>99%yield and>99%selectivity at 60☆.We observed the superb catalytic activity is promoted by the enhanced oxygen mobility in OVs,which were created by the interstitial nitrogen in the catalyst *** presence of interstitial nitrogen in transition metal oxides in this study shows how the manipulation of catalyst matrix can increase the OV sites to promote aerobic oxidation reaction.

关键词： transition metal oxides Jahn-Teller effect interstitial nitrogen engineering MnxCo_(3-x)O_(4) dehydrogenation

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Intermetallic PdCd Core Promoting CO Tolerance of Pd Shell for Electrocatalytic Formic Acid Oxidation

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第18期40卷 2161-2168页

作者： Ming-Xi Chen Yue Liu Tian-Wei Song Rui-Lin Wei Xiao-Dong Zhuang Yao-Yue Yang Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026 China Key Laboratory of Fundamental Chemistry of the State Ethnic Commission School of Chemistry and EnvironmentSouthwest Minzu UniversityChengduSichuan610041 China The Meso-Entropy Matter Lab State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal AgingSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RDShanghai200240 China

Liquid fed fuel cells such as direct formic acid fuel cells(DFAFCs)are considered to be promising power sources for portable electronic ***,the poison of CO intermediates on the state-of-the-art platinum and palladium-based electrocatalysts for the formic acid oxidation reaction(FAOR)at the anode hampers the implementation of DFAFCs ***,we report a core/shell catalyst consisting of intermetallic PdCd core and Pd shell(i-PdCd@Pd)with promoted CO anti-poison ability and thus FAOR *** optimal i-PdCd@Pd catalyst exhibits a high mass activity and specific activity at peak potential,which are 24 and 4 times greater than that of commercial Pd/C catalyst,*** understand by in-situ surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy(ATR-SEIRA)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)that in i-PdCd@Pd,the intermetallic PdCd under-layers can induce the downshift of d-band center of surface Pd atoms,which would improve the CO tolerance and thus promote the FAOR performance.

关键词： Electrochemistry Intermetallicphases PdCd Supported catalysts IR spectroscopy

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Simulation of ENA Imaging Measurements on a Geosynchronous Orbit

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空间科学学报 2022年第5期42卷 884-890页

作者： LU Li YU Qinglong ZHOU Ping JIA Shuai CHANG Yuan Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing 100190 Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049 Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering Shanghai 200240

Geosynchronous orbit is located in the ring current region,where the energetic particle emission environment challenges the ion deflection design limit of the Energetic Neutral Atom(ENA)***,there is no measurement record of ENA imaging in this area *** the basis of possessing the patent of high-energy ion deflection technology,ENA imaging under different Kp index in geosynchronous orbit is *** simulation images show the characteristics of low-altitude ENA emission source and the rough sketch of *** to the north-south conjugation observation of geosynchronous orbit,the simulated ENA images at different positions all have north-south *** at the unsolved problems,such as the input source of ring current energetic ions during geomagnetic activities and its evolution process,we analyzed the possible results of ENA imaging combined with in-situ particle measurements in the same satellite,as well as the subversion effect of any north-south asymmetry of ENA map on the inversion model.

关键词： Energetic Neutral Atom(ENA) Magnetosphere Ring current ENA imaging

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Study on rice straws derived activated carbon as efficient sulfur cathode material for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries 9

Study on rice straws derived activated carbon as efficient s...

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9th International Conference on Energy Materials and Electrical engineering, ICEMEE 2023

作者： Sun, Xiaoxia Chen, Siyue Wang, Siyu Yuan, Guanghui Xu, Qiong Wang, Zhaozhe Xue, Hongtao Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis School of Chemical and Environment Science Shaanxi University of Technology Shaanxi Hanzhong723001 China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ankang Research Centre of New Nanomaterials Science and Technology Ankang University Shaanxi Ankang725000 China Huaqin Power Technology Company Limited The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Vanadium Products Shaanxi Ankang725000 China Ankang Shunxiang Carbon-materials Company Limited Shaanxi Ankang725000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510672765

Using raw rice straws, an activated carbon material with stacking morphology has been prepared by designed carbonizing process. A carbon/sulfur (RC/S) binary material composite as a sulfur cathode material is synthesized by impregnating sulfur into the rice straw derived activated carbon. S particles are loaded uniformly among the twisted and wrinkled carbon thin sheets. The RC/S binary material shows reversible discharge capacity of 1400 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C. After 200 cycles at 0.4 C, the reversible discharge capacity can maintain as 750 mAh g-1. RC/S electrode exhibits more excellent rate capability and cycle performance than pristine S electrode. The strengthened electrochemical abilities are ascribed to the thin carbon sheets derived from rice straws and wrinkled morphology of the RC/S composite, which can enhance electrical conductivity of the sulfur cathode, short Li+ diffusion distance, and absorb polysulfides during the charge and discharge cycles. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Electrodes Batteries Carbon Sulfur Composites Electrical conductivity Lithium Electrolytes Particles Transmission electron microscopy

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Fabrication of gradient structured AISI 304 stainless steels with aid of ultrasound vibration and electropulsing

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2026年 241卷 150-159页

作者： Zihao Zhang Ning Lu Fengyan Wang Changji Li Hongwang Zhang National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse College of Environment and Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110016 China

An AISI 304 stainless steel was processed by 8 mm diameter tool tip pressing aided with ultrasound (20 kHZ) and/or electropulsing (pulse frequency, f = 500 Hz, effective current density, J = 10 A/mm 2 ). Systematical characterizations on the microstructure and hardening along depth reveal that the tool tip pressing alone induces no apparent surface deformation and hardening. However, aiding with ultrasound and/or electropulsing achieves a thick deformation layer (>700 µm), significant grain refinement below 7 nm and hardening above 6 GPa. Ultrasound adds extra stress (∼70 MPa) and electropulsing decreases the critical resolved shear stress for generating dislocations and twins, benefiting plastic deformation and grain refinement. Ultrasound and electropulsing allows significant grain refinement without sacrificing surface quality. Additionally, ultrasound and electropulsing promote deformation-induced martensitic transformation. The wide tuning of the deformation and the grain refinement in terms of stress open a window to fabrication of high performance fine-grained materials and surfaces, showing potential scientific and technological importance.

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Analysis of land-atmosphere interactions and their influence on the energy and water cycle over the Tibetan Plateau

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地球空间信息科学学报（英文版） 2024年第3期27卷 902-921页

作者： Yaoming Ma Zhongbo Su Lei Zhong Yijian Zeng Xuelong Chen Cunbo Han Binbin Wang Zhipeng Xie Weiyao Ma Longtengfei Ma Qianqian Han Ruodan Zhuang Lijie Zhang Shaoning Lv Lianyu Yu Jan Hofste Hong Zhao Jun Wen Weiqiang Ma Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes DingriChina Kathmandu Center of Research and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabadPakistan Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Planetary atmospheres and global change School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures:Architecture EnvironmentCultural HeritageUniversity of BasilicataMateraItaly Institute for Bio-and Geosciences:Agrosphere(IBG-3) Research Centre JülichJülichGermany Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYanglingChina College of Atmospheric Sciences Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu University of Information TechnologyChina Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou University

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)has been the focus of numerous studies examining the energy and water cycle variations,but there is still a lack of long-term,quantitative precise assessments of *** research first provided two sets of long-term comprehensive observa-tional datasets,and an advanced monitoring technique to measure soil moisture,which can improve the estimation accuracy of ***,using microwave data,the Surface Energy Balance System model and Machine Learning methods,it calculated a complete set of long-term evapotranspiration *** the same time,based on reasonable assumptions,it also estimated the total evaporation from plateau *** findings con-tribute significantly to the understanding of the relationship between the Asian monsoon,the TP's physical characteristics,and its atmosphere,thereby improving predictions of water resource variability in the *** study's innovative methodologies and synthesis of diverse data sources provide critical information for informed and sustainable water management strategies in the region.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau in-situ observation Evapotranspiration(ET) evaporation remote sensing

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