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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Ying Zhang, Haonan Sun, Yuhang Wang, Shuo Wang, Qiyuan Shang, Yuxiang Lee, Sungsik Zhang, Liqiang Deng, Lei School of Chemical Engineering and Environment China University of Petroleum Beijing102249 China X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Ave. ArgonneIL60439 United States Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China

Development of efficient metal-based catalysts is of great importance for levulinic acid (LA) hydrogenation to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The widely employed Ru-based catalysts are advantageous for H2 dissociation, however, the steric hindrance for large Ru particles hampers their coordination to C=O moiety in LA, and thereby decreasing the activity. Herein, we report a Ru1Co1-N-C double single-atom catalyst (DSAC) with synergistic Ru and Co atomic pairs for LA hydrogenation into GVL. The Ru and Co doped zeolitic imidazole frameworks (RuCo-doped ZIF-8) precursor was rationally designed ((Ru+Co)/(Zn+Ru+Co) = 2 at.%), where the Zn node spatially isolates Ru and Co species, expanding the adjacent Ru-Co distance and facilitating the formation of the Ru-Co atomic pair upon pyrolysis, with each atom coordinated with three nitrogen atoms (N3-Ru1Co1-N3). The Ru1Co1-N-C catalyst exhibits outstanding catalytic activity, with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 1980 h–1, surpassing previously reported Ru-based catalysts. Experimental investigation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the electron-rich Ru induced by less electronegative Co facilitates H2 dissociation, while atomic Ru in dual-atomic pairs promotes C=O activation, Ru and Co atomic pairs synergistically enhancing LA conversion to GVL. This research will shed light on the precise control of active sites at atomic scale, and also provides a new concept for designing high-performance Ru-based catalysts towards LA hydrogenation to GVL. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogenation

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Elucidating electrochemical intercalation mechanisms of biomass-derived hard carbon in sodium-/potassium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2021年第4期3卷 541-553页

作者： Ziyi Zhu Wentao Zhong Yanjia Zhang Peng Dong Shigang Sun Yingjie Zhang Xue Li National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Fabrication Technology Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingYunnanChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Chemistry and Life Science Yokohama National UniversityYokohamaKanagawaJapan State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina

Hard carbon materials are characterized by having rich resources,simple processing technology,and low cost,and they are promising as one of the anode electrodes for commercial applications of sodium-/potassium-ion ***,exploring the alkali metal ion storage mechanism is particularly important for designing high-performance electrode ***,the structure of hard carbon is more complex,and the description of energy storage behavior is quite *** this study,the Magnolia grandiflora Lima leaf is used as a precursor,combined with simple pyrolysis and impurity removal processes,to obtain biomass-derived hard carbon material(carbonized Magnolia grandiflora Lima leaf[CMGL]).When it is used as an anode for sodium-ion batteries,it exhibits a high specific capacity of 315mAh/g,and the capacity retention rate is 90.0%after 100 *** potassium-ion batteries,the charge specific capacity is 263.5mAh/g,with a capacity retention rate of 85.5%at the same ***,different electrochemical analysis methods and microstructure characterization techniques were used to further elucidate the sodium/potassium storage mechanism of the *** the results indicate that the high potential slope region represents the adsorption/desorption characteristics on the surface active sites,whereas the low-potential quasiplateau region belongs to the ion insertion/extraction in the graphitic microcrystallites *** is noteworthy that potassium ion is randomly intercalated between the graphitic microcrystallite layer without forming a segmented intercalation compound structure.

关键词： biomass energy storage mechanisms hard carbon potassium-ion batteries sodium-ion batteries

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Direct Observation of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation and Core–Shell Morphology of PM2.5Collected from Three Northeast Asian Cities and Implications for N2O5Hydrolysis

ACS ES&T Air

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ACS ES&T Air 2025年第6期2卷 1079-1088页

作者： Mijung Song Ying Li Changjoon Seong Hang Yang Kyoung-Soon Jang Zhijun Wu Ji Yi Lee Atsushi Matsuki Joonyoung Ahn Department of Environment and Energy Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Republic of Korea；Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Republic of Korea Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China；School of Environmental Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Environment and Energy Jeonbuk National University Jeonju 54896 Republic of Korea Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China；College of Ecology and Environment Xinjiang University Urumqi 830017 Xinjiang China Bio-Chemical Analysis Team Korea Basic Science Institute Cheongju 28119 Republic of Korea College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan Department of Atmospheric Environment Research National Institute of Environmental Research 215 Jinheung-ro Eunpyeong-gu Seoul 03367 Republic of Korea

The morphologies of aerosol particles significantly influence atmospheric processes, including heterogeneous chemistry. This study presents direct observations of liquid–liquid phase separation and the morphologies of PM2.5filter extracts collected from Seoul, Beijing, and Noto during autumn 2023. The PM2.5samples covered both polluted and clean environments and were predominantly organic-rich. Optical microscopy revealed that real-world samples from these cities underwent phase transitions with changing relative humidity and primarily existed in either two-liquid or three-phase states, while fully homogeneous or nonliquid states were rare. Moreover, a core–shell morphology, consisting of an organic shell and inorganic core, was frequently observed in the PM2.5samples. Calculations confirmed that the viscosity of the organic shell ranges from ∼101Pa s in Seoul (liquid-like) to ∼106Pa s in Beijing (semisolid). As the shell becomes more viscous, the diffusivity of N2O5decreases, thereby lowering the N2O5uptake coefficient by 1–3 orders of magnitude and significantly restricting N2O5uptake. These results highlight the crucial role of aerosol morphology in heterogeneous chemistry, as the organic-rich outer phase can significantly modify the reactive uptake coefficients and gas–particle interactions.

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Flexible WMMSE Beamforming for MU-MIMO Movable Antenna Communications

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Songjie Wan, Zihang Xiu, Yue Ning, Boyu Li, Yong Liu, Yuenwei Yuen, Chau National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China Key Laboratory of Wireless Optical Communication Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Henan Agricultural Environment Monitoring and Big Data Analysis Engineering Research Center Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou450046 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Movable antennas offer new potential for wireless communication by introducing degrees of freedom in antenna positioning, which has recently been explored for improving sum rates. In this paper, we aim to fully leverage the capabilities of movable antennas (MAs) by assuming that both the transmitter and receiver can optimize their antenna positions in multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications. Recognizing that WMMSE beamforming is a highly effective method for maximizing the MU-MIMO sum rate, we modify it to integrate antenna position optimization for MA systems, which we refer to as flexible WMMSE (F-WMMSE) beamforming. Importantly, we reformulate the subproblems within WMMSE to develop regularized sparse optimization frameworks to achieve joint beamforming (antenna coefficient optimization) and element movement (antenna position optimization). We then propose a regularized least squares-based simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (RLS-SOMP) algorithm to address the resulting sparse optimization problem. To enhance practical applications, the low-complexity implementation of the proposed framework is developed based on the pre-calculations and matrix inverse lemma. The overall F-WMMSE algorithm converges similarly to WMMSE, and our findings indicate that F-WMMSE achieves a significant sum rate improvement compared to traditional WMMSE, exceeding 20% under appropriate simulation conditions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Least squares approximations

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Harmful algal bloom-forming dinofl agellate Prorocentrum donghaiense inhibits the growth and photosynthesis of seaweed Sargassum fusiformis embryos

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2237-2251页

作者： Caixia WANG Min WANG Binbin CHEN Wenli QIN Lidong LIN Chuanjun DAI Hengguo YU Renhui LI Min ZHAO Zengling MA Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Dongtou Fisheries Science and Technology Research Institute Wenzhou 325700China

Harmful algal bloom(HAB)is an ecological disaster to local *** present,its impact on macrophytes has not been well *** this study,we cultivated sexually propagated embryos of S argassum fusiformis-an edible seaweed-in Prorocentrum donghaiense suspensions at different cell densities(0,0.50×10^(5),0.75×10^(5),1.00×10^(5),and 1.50×10^(5) cells/mL)for 10 days,during which growth and photosynthetic activities of the embryos were determined,and a monocultivation was set up for *** show that the relative growth rate and photosynthetic activities of the embryos co-cultivated with *** were inhibited mostly and significantly in the cell densities of 0.75×10^(5),1.00×10^(5),and 1.50×10^(5) cells/mL,and the inhibitory effects increased in overall with increased cell *** maximum relative electron transport rates(rETR max)and apparent photosynthetic efficiency(a)of co-cultivated embryos were all significantly lower than monocultivation ones on the 10 th ***,the photosynthetic activity detected by chlorophyll-a fluorescence transient(i.e.,OJIP),the electron transport among electron transfer accepters of PSII(photosystem II)and that from PSII to PSI(photosystem I)was restricted,which is probably responsible for the decreases of rETR max andain the co-cultivated *** addition,parts of the photosynthetic reaction centers of PSII in the co-cultivated embryos were ***,*** bloom could restrain the development and photosynthetic activities of *** embryos,reduce the seedlings stock,and eventually hinder the development of *** production industry.

关键词： embryo JIP-test photosynthesis Prorocentrum donghaiense Sargassum fusiformis harmful algal bloom

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Rapid Prediction Model of Equivalent Thermal Conductivity of Plain Weave Fabric in Space environment

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Qin, Jiaxing Wu, Jiawen Mu, Lei Zhang, Biao Li, Jian Xu, Chuanlong National Engineering Research Center of Power Generation Control and Safety School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing210096 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics & Numerical Mathematics Beijing100076 China

The prediction of effective thermal conductivity of aerospace insulation materials is crucial for insulation design and radiation characteristics control of space targets. In this paper, a rapid and accurate prediction model is proposed for the effective thermal conductivity of plain weave fabrics in space environments. This model assumes that the cross-sectional shape and bending degree of yarns within aerospace fabrics remain unchanged. To represent the structural characteristics of the plain weave fabric, a dimensionless parameter called "[[EQUATION]]" is defined. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of fabric structure, temperature, and yarn thermal properties on the effective thermal conductivity of multilayer fabrics. Three parameters are identified as the most influential factors for the effective thermal conductivity of plain weave fabrics: the structural parameter [[EQUATION]], and the axial and radial thermal conductivities of yarns. Based on extensive simulation data, an empirical formula is proposed for the rapid prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of plain weave fabrics. Moreover, polyester, cotton, and wool plain weave fabric samples are tested for their thermal conductivity in a vacuum environment. The predicted results from the empirical formula proposed in this study exhibit a deviation of less than 6% when compared to experimental measurements. This study can provide valuable insights for the design of plain weave fabrics used in aerospace insulation materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Yarn

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Konjac Glucomannan/Γ-Feooh Hydrogel with Rich Pore Structure for Photo-Assisted Uranium Extractionfrom Carbonate-Contained Wastewater

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wu, Xudong He, YiZhou Li, Huiming Yang, Guolin He, Rong Chen, Tao Zhu, Wenkun State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety Sichuan Civil-military Integration Institute School of Life Science and Engineering School of National Defense of Science and Technology Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang621010 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Research Center Taiwan

Photo-assisted uranium extraction from carbonate-contained wastewater offers a promising solution to mitigate the strong complexation between carbonate anions and uranyl ions. In our study, we synthesized a novel Konjac glucomannan (KGM)/γ-FeOOH composite photocatalytic hydrogel through in-situ γ-FeOOH formation within a KGM solution. Compared to traditional powdered photocatalysts, the KGM/γ-FeOOH porous hydrogel boasts an abundant porous structure and excellent mechanical properties, ensuring enhanced cyclic recovery stability. The uranium removal rate of KGM/γ-FeOOH porous hydrogel in uranium wastewater without carbonate ions was more than 90 %, and even in the presence of carbonate ions, its uranium removal efficiency remained at 79 %, which was significantly better than that of non-porous KGM/γ-FeOOH hydrogel (30 %). Mechanistic studies showed that the KGM/γ-FeOOH porous hydrogel effectively captured the dissociated uranyl ions through the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on KGM and γ-FeOOH, and subsequently achieved the conversion of uranium to UO2 with the participation of active species such as electrons (e-). In conclusion, our approach provides a strategy for treating uranium-contaminated wastewater with great potential for water purification applications. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogels

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Significant chlorine emissions from biomass burning affect the long-term atmospheric chemistry in Asia

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national science Review 2024年第9期11卷 213-222页

作者： Di Chang Qinyi Li Zhe Wang Jianing Dai Xiao Fu Jia Guo Lei Zhu Dongchuan Pu Carlos A.Cuevas Rafael P.Fernandez Weigang Wang Maofa Ge Jimmy C.H.Fung Alexis K.H.Lau Claire Granier Guy Brasseur Andrea Pozzer Alfonso Saiz-Lopez Yu Song Tao Wang Atmospheric Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas CabreraCSIC Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Environment Research Institute Shandong University Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Environmental Modeling Group Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University Environmental Central Facility Institute for the Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling& Remote Sensing Research Group Southern University of Science and Technology Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (ICB) National Research Council (CONICET)FCEN-UNCuyo Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory/CIRES University of Colorado Laboratoire d’Aerologie CNRSUniversity of Toulouse UPS Atmospheric Chemistry Observation & Modeling Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental Science Peking University

Biomass burning（BB） is a major source of trace gases and particles in the atmosphere,influencing air quality,radiative balance,and *** studies have mainly focused on the BB emissions of carbon and nitrogen species with less attention on *** chlorine chemistry has significant effects on atmospheric chemistry and air ***,quantitative information on chlorine emissions from BB,particularly the long-term trend and associated atmospheric impacts,is limited both on regional and global ***,we report a long-term（20 01-2018） high-resolution BB emission inventory for the major chlorine-containing compounds（HCl,chloride,and CH3Cl） in Asia based on satellite *** estimate an average of 730 Gg yr-1chlorine emitted from BB activity in Asia,with China contributing the largest share at 24.2%(177 Gg yr-1),followed by Myanmar at 18.7% and India at 18.3%.Distinct seasonal patterns and significant spatial and interannual variability are observe d,mainly driven by human-mediated changes in agricultural *** incorporating the newly developed chlorine emission inventory into a global chemistry-climate model（CAM-Chem）,we find that the BB-chlorine emissions lead to elevated levels of HCl and CH3Cl(monthly average up to 2062 and 1421 parts per trillion by volume（pptv）,respectively),subsequently resulting in noticeable changes in oxidants（up to 3.1% in O3and 17% in OH radicals）.The results demonstrate that BB is not only a significant source of air pollutants but also of oxidants,suggesting a larger role of BB emissions in the atmospheric chemistry and oxidation process than previously *** light of the projected increase in BB activity toward the end of the century and the extensive control of anthropogenic emissions worldwide,the contribution of BB emissions may become fundamental to air quality composition in the future.

关键词： biomass burning emission chlorine emission inventory tropospheric halogen chemistry atmospheric oxidants CAM-Chem model

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Highly Fluorescent, Water-Soluble Tetrapodal Perylene Diimides Insulated By Cationic Pendants For Live-Cell Imaging

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cui, Xiangkun Shi, Bojun Qiu, Zixuan Yang, Fei Wang, Xiuteng Xu, Yanqing Wei, Wei Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing100048 China Subinstitute of Resource and Environment China National Institute of Standardization Beijing100191 China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Perylene diimides (PDIs), particularly the parent core-unsubstituted PDI chromophores, have a strong trend to aggregate in water, thus leading to severe fluorescence quenching. Herein we present a class of highly fluorescent, water-soluble tetrapodal PDI dyes PDI-4Py-n, with the chromophore core surrounded by four pyridinium pendants, which have been fully characterized by several techniques including X-ray crystallography. Due to the spatial isolation and charge repulsion from four cationic pendants, PDI-4Py-n can effectively suppress the chromophore aggregation in a relatively concentrated aqueous solution, and preserve characteristic PDI fluorescence with high photoluminescence quantum yield. Based on the outstanding fluorescence properties and good biocompatibility, one of PDI-4Py-n has been exploited as a lysosome-targetable fluorescent probe for live-cell imaging. This work provides a simple synthetic strategy to water-soluble non-aggregating organic dyes and demonstrates their potential biomedical application. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fluorescence quenching

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Genomic basis of evolutionary adaptation in a warm-blooded fish

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The Innovation 2022年第1期3卷 22-30页

作者： Xin Wang Meng Qu Yali Liu Ralf F.Schneider Yue Song Zelin Chen Hao Zhang Yanhong Zhang Haiyan Yu Suyu Zhang Dongxu Li Geng Qin Shaobo Ma Jia Zhong Jianping Yin Shuaishuai Liu Guangyi Fan Axel Meyer Dazhi Wang Qiang Lin CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Marine Evolutionary Ecology GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel24105 KielGermany BGI-Qingdao Qingdao 266555China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083China Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanz 78464Germany University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Few fishes have evolved elevated body temperatures compared with ambient temperatures,and only in opah(Lampris spp)is the entire body *** understand the molecular basis of endothermy,we analyzed the opah genome and identified 23 genes with convergent amino acid substitutions across fish,birds,and mammals,including slc8b1,which encodes the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+exchanger and is essential for heart function andmetabolic heat *** endothermic fishes,44 convergent genes with suggestive metabolic functions were identified,such as glrx3,encoding a crucial protein for hemoglobin *** genes involved in the production and retention of metabolic heat were also found to be under positive *** of opah’s unique inner-heat-producing pectoral muscle layer(PMI),an evolutionary key innovation,revealed that many proteins were co-opted from dorsal swimming muscles for thermogenesis and oxidative ***,the opah genome provides valuable resources and opportunities to uncover the genetic basis of thermal adaptations in fish.

关键词： evolutionary fish convergent

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