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Three-dimensional interconnected carbon nanoreactors with CoP nanocrystals to enhance performance in solar cells

CrystEngComm 2025年

作者： Wang, Wen Li, Dan Li, Weidong Fang, Yuanjie Wang, Xiuying Xu, Mingkun Ye, Song Li, Guang School of Electronic Engineering Chaohu University Chaohu238024 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Products Reliability Technology China Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing Research Institute Guangzhou511370 China School of Materials Science and Engineering School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education Anhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Devices Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China

Failure to fully utilize the catalytic activity of electrode materials is a crucial bottleneck under the harsh operating conditions of a high concentration of iodine. Herein, we design an optimized counter electrode (CE) material with a large number of highly dispersed CoP ultrafine nanoparticles (∼10 nm in size) throughout P-doped multi-aperture honeycomb carbon as three-dimensional interconnected nanoreactors. The established 3D porous conductive honeycomb architecture offers a "highway" for accelerating charge and mass transfer, which facilitates the homogeneous distribution of infiltrated iodine and the close interaction between infiltrated iodine and CoP nanoparticles. This constructed structure not only provides a high surface-to-volume ratio to increase the number of exposed catalytic sites but also prevents nanoparticles from aggregating during cycling owing to the pore spatial confinement effect, ensuring the uniform dispersion of CoP, maximum catalytic effect and enhanced iodide ion diffusion. Additionally, the synergistic coupling effects between rich defect interfaces and chemical bonding derived from heteroatom-doping increase the catalytic activity. As a result, the developed CoP@PC catalyst presents superior power conversion efficiency (8.88%), outperforming all the known noble-metal Pt materials (7.82%). Such an unconventional material design offers an attractive and instructive model of high-performance nanomaterial engineering for application in various fields. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Covalent bonds

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Research on the refinement algorithm of surface loading deformation based on Green's function

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第2期16卷 230-239页

作者： Chenfeng Li Tengxu Zhang Peibing Yang Lin He Yu Xia Wei Luan Three Gorges Geotechnical Engineering Co.Ltd.(Wuhan) Wuhan 430074China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan 430079China Research Center of Beidou+Industrial Development of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province College of Resources and Environmental Science and EngineeringHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China Wuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station Wuhan 430071China College of Geomatics and Geoinformation Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

Surface deformation calculations due to environmental loading typically rely on the Preliminary Reference Earth Model(PREM),which assumes a homogeneous and isotropic Earth structure,leading to noticeable *** enhance accuracy,the high-precision crustal model CRUST 1.0 is used to refine calculations of regional surface deformation caused by hydrological and non-tidal atmospheric *** improved model is applied to 27 Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)reference stations in the first phase of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC),considering their geographical ***'s functions are employed to compute surface deformation at each *** indicate relative discrepancies of 11.78%and 14.14%for non-tidal atmospheric and hydrological loading compared to PREM,with vertical deformation differences reaching an average of 18.95%.Additionally,the distinct spatial distribution characteristics of the relative differences in each direction indicate that the improved RPREM model is more responsive to the mass variations derived from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE).The results suggest that the improved PRREM model demonstrates higher sensitivity to loading variations than the PREM *** the enhanced method of calculating surface deformation through the utilization of Green's function at the site could effectively reduce the calculation error caused by regional structure,leading to enhanced uniformity and isotropy of PREM.

关键词： Loading deformation GNSS Green's function PREM GRACE

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Simulations of GaoFen-5 Directional Polarimetric Camera(DPC) Observations Using the Advanced Vector Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer Model

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第3期42卷 486-500页

作者： Yuchen XIE Ziqiang ZHU Fuzhong WENG Zhengqiang LI Xiuzhen HAN School of Remote Sensing&Geomatics Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Satellite Remote Sensing&Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences.Beijing 100101China National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

In recent years,polarization remote sensing has garnered increasing attention,particularly within the realm of *** accurately simulate polarization information,the vector discrete-ordinate radiative transfer(VDISORT)model developed earlier by the community is further enhanced to an advanced version(referred to as A-VDISORT)through an improved ocean surface *** Fresnel reflection matrix,which includes wind-generated roughness and shading effects,is served by an ocean bidirectional reflection distribution function(BRDF).The simulation from AVDISORT is compared with SCIATRAN for a Rayleigh scattering atmosphere,and the influence of water-leaving radiance is analyzed by the PSTAR(Polarized System for Transfer of Atmospheric Radiation) *** GaoFen-5 Directional Polarimetric Camera(DPC) observations with polarization and multi-angle information,clear-sky pixel recognition over the ocean is first carried *** DPC reflectance of clear conditions is normalized and compared with the *** is shown that A-VDISORT has a high simulation accuracy with a bias of –*** difference between simulation and observation exhibits a standard normal probability distribution function.

关键词： vector radiative transfer equation A-VDISORT ocean BRDF GF-5 DPC

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Big-data-driven vessel destination prediction for smart port management

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engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2025年 154卷

作者： Chen, Jin Zhang, Qiang Liang, Maohan Peng, Chang Chen, Chen Sanya Institute Hunan University of Science and Technology China National Key Laboratory of Space Integrated Information System China Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology School of Navigation Wuhan University of Technology China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University China

The accurate prediction of vessel destinations is crucial for enhancing maritime traffic efficiency, optimizing port management, and improving regional economic analysis. However, destination information in Automatic Identification System (AIS) data is often missing or inaccurate, which undermines the reliability of maritime analytic. Traditional vessel destination prediction methods primarily focus on measuring trajectory similarities, which results in high computational complexity. This study develops a deep learning approach to vessel destination prediction by transforming the problem into an image classification task. Rasterized images of historical destination ports and vessel trajectories are generated, incorporating AIS data within a fixed spatial context. A multi-scale residual convolutional network is constructed to extract relevant trajectory and port distribution features. To enhance the representation of trajectory endpoints, which are critical for predicting the destination port, a multi-attention mechanism is introduced. This mechanism increases the learning weight assigned to endpoint features, improving prediction accuracy. Finally, a classification network predicts the destination port based on the extracted features. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using AIS data from the Denmark Strait. Experimental results demonstrate that the model outperforms existing methods, highlighting its potential for applications in smart port management and maritime traffic optimization. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Waterway transportation

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Soil micro-food web composition determines soil fertility and crop growth

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Soil Ecology Letters 2025年第1期7卷 145-157页

作者： Yaping Lin Qing Yi Dandan Gao Jiangnan Li Wei Zhang Kelin Wang Dan Xiao Peilei Hu Jie Zhao College of Life and Environmental Science National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology in Forestry&Ecology in South ChinaCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control Nanning 530012China Huanjiang Agriculture Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and ServicesHuanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst EcosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesHuanjiang 547100China

Soil fertility is one of the key determinants of agricultural *** food webs play an important role in driving soil nutrient cycling and plant ***,it is poorly known how the soil food web composition and complexity affect plant growth and soil *** this study,soil microorganisms and nematodes isolated from two soil types(i.e.,calcareous soil and red soil)and two land use types(i.e.,corn-soybean cultivation and natural grass-shrubland)were used to sequentially establish four soil microfood webs(FW1,FW2,FW3,and FW4)with increasing levels of community complexity based on food web *** four micro-food webs were inoculated to sterilized soils which were then planted with soybeans for three months in a pot experiment under ambient *** sterilized soil without food web inoculation was employed as control(C)and unsterilized soil with its original food web was also regarded as a treatment(US)in the *** effects of soil micro-food web complexity on soil nutrient and soybean growth were *** results showed that soil total nitrogen(TN)and phosphorus(TP),soil microbial biomasses,and plant nitrogen and phosphorus were generally higher in the four food web inoculation treatments than in the control or unsterilized ***,the original soil food web treatment(i.e.,unsterilized soil)had lower soil or soybean nutrient than the no food web treatment(i.e.,sterilized soil).In addition,the complexity of inoculated food webs was positively correlated with soil TN,TP,and total potassium(TK).These results suggest that soil micro-food web complexity is an important driver of soil fertility and affects crop ***,complex soil micro-food web maintains higher soil fertility and crop *** study provides solid evidence of the roles of soil food web in controlling ecosystem services;and the findings could provide a better understanding of the soil food web structure and soil fertility relationship

关键词： network complexity microbes and nematodes soil fertility soil community inoculation structure and function relationship

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In situ electrochemical synthesis of copper-zinc ferrocyanide for removal of cesium in simulated liquid radioactive wastes

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Applied Radiation and Isotopes 2025年 222卷

作者： Cao, Wei Hua, Lanfang Fan, Huiqi Fang, Jie Huang, Guangtuan National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China

This study employed in situ electrochemical synthesis of copper-zinc ferrocyanide (CuZnFC) to effectively remove Cs+ from simulated liquid radioactive wastes (LRWs). Through single-factor experiments, the optimal reaction conditions were established as follows: an initial pH of 8.0, a molar ratio of [Fe(CN)6]4- to Cs+ of 10:1, a reaction temperature of 25 °C, a current density of 6 mA·cm−2, and a stirring rate of 400 r·min−1, achieving a Cs+ removal rate of 99.978 %. The precipitate analysis revealed its composition as CuZn[Fe(CN)6]·6.18H2O, which exhibited a cubic crystal structure and rapidly absorbed Cs+ from the simulated liquid radioactive wastes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Molar ratio

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NO2 Emissions at Highway Toll Stations: Integrated Satellite and Traffic Data Insights from Holiday Analysis

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Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2025年第7期236卷 1-17页

作者： Yang, Xinxiang Xu, Shenghao Zhang, Shuyu Tao, Yuanming Sher, Farooq Wong, Keng Yinn Wang, Bohong National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Harbour Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Technology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen PR China Department of Engineering School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Nottingham UK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a significant urban pollutant, is a primary component of vehicular emissions that impacts air quality around highway infrastructure. Effective monitoring of NO2 near toll stations is essential for advancing sustainable transportation and air quality management. This study leverages data from the TROPOMI instrument aboard the Sentinel-5P satellite to observe NO2 distribution at five highway toll stations in Zhejiang Province, China, from January 2019 to June 2023, focusing on the effects of traffic volume changes during statutory holidays. key findings include: (1) During toll-free holidays, traffic volume surges by 49% while NO₂ concentrations at toll stations decrease by up to 21%. This suggests that reduced vehicle wait times help mitigate emissions, particularly when toll gates are open to allow smoother traffic flow. (2) In economically developed cities, prolonged vehicle queuing and idling increased NO2 emissions at toll stations by approximately 15–28%, emphasizing the need for effective congestion management to control emissions. (3) During the COVID-19 pandemic, preventive measures such as disinfection and health checks extend waiting times at toll stations, causing NO2 levels to rise by up to 35% even with an overall decrease in traffic volume. By integrating satellite data with traffic flow information, this study highlights the potential of optimized toll station infrastructure to reduce NO2 emissions and improve urban air quality, especially during peak traffic. These insights provide actionable recommendations for sustainable highway infrastructure management and air quality improvement.

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New hollow nanorods of C-Na2Ti3O7 derived from MAX phase for highly efficient methylene blue removal

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Xu, Yanjie Liu, Yating Zhang, Lan Gao, Yahui Wu, Chunlai Miao, Yalei Li, Na Pang, Xianjuan Dong, Feiyun Ren, Kemei Zheng, Bainan Tian, Wenjie School of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology Luoyang471023 China National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang471023 China Henan Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials Manufacturing and Intelligent Equipment Luoyang471023 China

Adsorption is one of the effective strategies to treat organic pollution in wastewater. Herein, a novel hollow nanorod of C-Na2Ti3O7 (CNTO) were fabricated from the MAX phase Ti2AlC by a facile method. The CNTO nanorods own a unique hollow structure and abundant -OH and Ti-O groups. Particularly, the as-prepared CNTO sample possesses a large specific surface area of 238.49 m2/g, which is 100 times larger than that of bulk Ti2AlC (2.11 m2/g). In MB removal, CNTO nanorods perform an excellent property with 97 % removal efficiency in 5 min and a maximal adsorption capacity of 159.1 mg/g. This ultrafast removal ability can attribute to the large specific surface area, negative zeta potential and hollow nanorod structure of CNTO samples. Kinetic experiments implied that the adsorption process conforms to the pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption form on CNTO is consistent with the Langmuir adsorption model. The mechanism studies revealed that CNTO samples adsorbed MB mainly by electrostatic adsorption and hydrogen bond adsorption. Furthermore, CNTO samples possess high structural stabilities and excellent recycling capacities in MB adsorption. This research highlights the great prospect of MAX phase derived CNTO nanorods for treating wastewater and pollutants. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Analysis of temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of temperature and oxygen in spontaneous combustion process of cylindrical coal bunker

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Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2025年 96卷

作者： Zhao, Jingyu Xing, Kexin Song, Jiajia Lu, Shiping Zhang, Tinghao Shu, Chi-Min School of Safety Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Science & Technology Shaanxi Xi'an710054 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire Xi'an University of Science and Technology Shaanxi Xi'an710054 China Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin64002 Taiwan

The cylindrical coal bunker is widely utilized in coal mining sites because of its relatively sound ventilation conditions and short storage of time. It is mainly used to store coal samples for a long time or temporarily. However, based on the current research results, studies into the variation of spontaneous combustion temperature and oxygen concentration is relatively few, and so further research on typical cylindrical coal bunkers is needed. To that end, this study was conducted to look into the shortcomings of the existing test device associated with coal storage in cylindrical coal bunkers, according to the characteristics of actual coal storage in mines, and so an experimental system for spontaneous combustion evolution of coal bunkers was built independently. The Zijing coal sample from Luoyang, Henan Province, was chosen as the research object, the temporal and spatial changes of transverse and longitudinal temperature in the process of spontaneous combustion of coal (SCC) bunker were tested, and the development stage of SCC bunker was divided. Furthermore, an ananlysis of the variation trend of oxygen concentration and oxygen consumption rate at each measuring point in different stages of coal bunker spontaneous combustion was made. The results demonstrated that the spontaneous combustion process of coal bunker were divided into the stages of slow heating, rapid heating, constant temperature, rapid cooling, and slow cooling. Besides, when the air leakage occurred at the position of the coal outlet, the lower coal body could gradually spontaneously combust. In the process of temperature migration, the high temperature points were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower part of the coal bunker, and the temperature of the second layer of coal body tended to reach 655.7 °C. The spontaneous combustion of the lower coal body formed internal voids and was in a high temperature state for a long time. The lowest coal sample in the coal bunker was observed to ba

关键词： Spontaneous combustion

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Out-of-Distribution Fault Diagnosis of Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems Based on Orthogonal Anchor Clustering With Adaptive Balance

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems 2025年 3卷 48-60页

作者： Liu, Ruonan Hu, Puyuan Zhao, Siheng Sun, Zhijian Han, Te Pang, Zhibo Zhang, Weidong Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China National Key Laboratory of Marine Engine Science and Technology Shanghai201108 China Crossocean of Suzhou Technology Suzhou215121 China Beijing Institute of Technology Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research School of Management Beijing100081 China ABB Corporate Research Sweden Department of Automation Technology Vasteras722 26 Sweden KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Intelligent Systems Stockholm114 28 Sweden Henan University Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing School of Computer and Information Engineering Kaifeng475001 China Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China

Given the critical role of rotating machinery in industrial cyber-physical systems (ICPS), ensuring their reliable operation is essential for the stability and safety of ICPS. Deep neural networks have demonstrated competitive results for intelligent fault diagnosis, which are usually trained via the historical data of all fault modes. However, in real engineering, it is usually difficult to collect samples and exhaust all failures during the training stage. As a result, out-of-distribution fault diagnosis (OOD-FD) becomes a more realistic problem that requires the methods to not only accurately diagnose the known faults, but also effectively recognize unknown ones. Therefore, a novel orthogonal anchor clustering with focal attention (FA-OAC) is proposed in this paper for OOD-FD. Firstly, an orthogonal anchor clustering (OAC) algorithm is proposed to fix the class center of each fault mode orthogonally and distinguish the known and unknown faults at the class level. Then, because the identifiability of different fault modes changes a lot in OOD-FD, the focal attention mechanism is applied to dynamically adjust the attention to different fault modes according to the distance loss of OAC, thus addressing the identifiability imbalance problem. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, different OOD-FD tasks are designed based on two rotating machinery datasets. The experimental results and comparison with state-of-the-art fault diagnosis methods have demonstrated that the proposed method has improved the OOD-FD performance greatly and therefore provides an effective tool in real engineering. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Rotating machinery

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