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Distributed multi-target tracking with labeled multi-Bernoulli filter considering efficient label matching

Frontiers of Information technology & Electronic Engineering 2025年第3期26卷 400-414页

作者： Changwen DING Chuntao SHAO Siteng ZHOU Di ZHOU Runle DU Jiaqi LIU School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics Beijing 100076China

We propose a distributed labeled multi-Bernoulli(LMB)filter based on an efficient label matching *** distributed LMB filter fusion has the premise that the labels among local densities have already been ***,considering that the label space of each local posterior is independent,such a premise is not practical in many *** achieve distributed fusion practically,we propose an efficient label matching method derived from the divergence of arithmetic average(AA)mechanism,and subsequently label-wise LMB filter fusion is performed according to the matching *** with existing label matching methods,this proposed method shows higher performance,especially in low detection probability ***,to guarantee the consistency and completeness of the fusion outcome,the overall fusion procedure is designed into the following four stages:pre-fusion,label determination,posterior complement,and uniqueness *** performance of the proposed label matching distributed LMB filter fusion is demonstrated in a challenging nonlinear bearings-only multi-target tracking(MTT)scenario.

关键词： Distributed multi-sensor multi-target tracking Labeled multi-Bernoulli filter Arithmetic average fusion Label matching

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Intensified Tropical Cyclones in Global Climate Simulations Employing a High-Wind Drag Relation over Sea Surface

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Journal of Climate 2025年第10期38卷 2205-2223页

作者： Wei, Wei Lu, Yixiong Yang, Shunan Liu, Yiming Wu, Tongwen Song, Zhenya Qiao, Fangli Li, Yubin Wu, Fanghua Rong, Xinyao Li, Jianglong CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological Administration Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre Beijing China National Meteorological Centre China Meteorological Administration Beijing China First Institute of Oceanography Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China

Accurate parameterization of momentum fluxes at high winds across the air–sea interface is crucial for realistically simulating the surface wind fields of tropical cyclones (TCs). Climate models often struggle to reproduce observed TC intensities, particularly surface wind speeds. This study evaluates the performance of a revised surface drag scheme with a capping drag coefficient at high wind speeds in global climate models (GCMs). Our results indicate that the revised surface drag scheme significantly improves the representation of TCs in a statistical sense: (i) Not only the mature intensity but also the maximum 10-m wind speeds throughout the TC life cycle are largely enhanced;(ii) biases in the pressure–wind relationship are notably alleviated, exhibiting reasonable agreement with observations;and (iii) other TC statistical features, such as TC number, central sea level pressure, individual lifetime, and intensification rate, show relatively minor sensitivity to the surface drag schemes. The main reason for the superiority of the revised high-wind drag relation is that the lower drag coefficient in high-wind conditions significantly increases the maximum potential intensity (MPI), indicating a higher theoretical limit for TC intensities. These findings are consistent across different model versions and resolutions, highlighting the robustness of the high-wind surface drag parameterization in controlling the simulated surface wind speeds of TCs in GCMs. © 2025 American Meteorological Society.

关键词： Tropical cyclone

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The Changes in Heating and Cooling Energy Demand in Beijing and Shanghai under Global Warming

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Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 2025年第5期64卷 413-424页

作者： Xu, Yan Si, Dong Cao, Lei Yu, Yu Wu, Xueyuan Chen, Sining National Meteorological Information Centre China Meteorological Administration Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing China

Climate change significantly influences electricity and energy demand, yet a comprehensive understanding of heating and cooling energy demand in China’s major cities under the impact of global warming remains incomplete. This study utilized monthly electricity consumption and mean air temperature data to accurately determine the base temperatures for Beijing and Shanghai, identified as 18.948 and 19.548C, respectively. We further established the heating degree-day (HDD) and cooling degree-day (CDD) indices for both cities over the period from 1961 to 2020. The results indicate a declining trend in winter heating demand and an increasing trend in summer cooling energy demand in both Beijing and Shanghai from 1961 to 2020. Notably, the decrease in winter heating demand exceeds the increase in summer cooling demand for each city. The findings indicate a higher sensitivity of electricity demand to temperature in Beijing during summer (13.5519 TWh 8C21) compared to winter (21.5706 TWh 8C21). Similarly, in Shanghai, temperature sensitivity is higher in summer (15.1133 TWh 8C21) than in winter (21.7133 TWh 8C21). This high sensitivity during the summer months implies an overall increase in future energy demand. While Beijing demonstrates a higher demand for winter heating compared to Shanghai, its demand for summer cooling is comparatively lower. Nevertheless, due to Shanghai’s greater sensitivity of electricity demand to temperature compared to Beijing, it is projected that Shanghai’s total energy demand will exceed that of Beijing in the future. © 2025 American Meteorological Society.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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Dynamic failure of aramid paper honeycomb under intermediate strain rate loading

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Thin-Walled Structures 2025年 215卷

作者： Chen, Meiduo Zhang, Xianglin Xu, Songlin Ma, Hao Yuan, Liangzhu Xie, Yushan Zhang, Xiaoman Wang, Pengfei University of Science and Technology of China Department of Modern Mechanics CAS Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Anhui Hefei230027 China Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle Beijing100076 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics Beijing100076 China

Investigation of the transformation process of failure mechanism for materials and structures under intermediate strain rate loading is of great significance. To achieve intermediate strain rate loading, a novel experimental technique is proposed using a high-speed-rotating eccentric cam to compress the specimen. The particle velocities and the stresses at both ends of the specimen are measured by the velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) and by the semiconductor strain gauges, respectively. The paper honeycomb specimens with four thicknesses (i.e. 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm) are tested under strain rates ranging from 0.1 to 15 s-1. Local deformation evolution in the specimen is captured based on high-speed photography and analyzed by the digital image correlation method (DIC). The deformation under intermediate strain rate loading is distinguished by higher particle velocity and lower particle acceleration, which is different from those under the static compression (at lower strain rates) and the Split Hopkinson Pressure bar (SHPB) impacting (at higher lower strain rates). Based on the DIC results, the abnormal size effect of specimen 2 mm is due to the competition between in-plane shear failure and out-of-plane buckling. The theoretical model is then established by introducing two main parameters, i.e. the lateral weakening factor ξ and the dynamic parameter k, to describe respectively the effects of in-plane shearing and strain rate on the out-of-plane wall buckling, and the critical stress for specimen buckling is obtained. The results show that the buckling deformation and the half-wave number for buckling are sensitive to the two parameters. This work provides theoretical and experimental references for the study of thin-walled structures under intermediate strain rate. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Fracture mechanics

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Tensor network Monte Carlo simulations for the two-dimensional random-bond Ising model

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Physical Review B 2025年第9期111卷 094201-094201页

作者： Tao Chen Erdong Guo Wanzhou Zhang Pan Zhang Youjin Deng Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China CAS Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China College of Physics Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi 030024 China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou 310024 China

Disordered lattice spin systems are crucial in both theoretical and applied physics. However, understanding their properties poses significant challenges to Monte Carlo simulations. In this work, we investigate the two-dimensional random-bond Ising model using the recently proposed tensor network Monte Carlo (TNMC) method. This method generates biased samples from conditional probabilities computed via tensor network contractions and corrects the bias using the Metropolis scheme. Consequently, the proposals provided by tensor networks function as block updates for Monte Carlo simulations. Through extensive numerical experiments, we demonstrate that TNMC simulations can be performed on lattices as large as 1024×1024 spins with moderate computational resources, a substantial increase from the previous maximum size of 64×64 in Markov-chain Monte Carlo. Notably, we observe an almost complete absence of critical slowing down, enabling the efficient collection of unbiased samples and averaging over a large number of random realizations of bond disorders. We successfully pinpoint the multicritical point along the Nishimori line with significant precision and accurately determined the bulk and surface critical exponents. Our findings suggest that TNMC is a highly efficient algorithm for exploring disordered and frustrated systems in two dimensions.

关键词： Tensors

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Low-overlap square aperture ptychography with selective scanning

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Optics and Laser technology 2025年 190卷

作者： Qiao, Ziling Wen, Xiu Chen, Hang Huang, Guancheng Zhou, Xuyang Li, Ziyang Ji, Yu Liu, Wei Chi, Dazhao Gao, Bin Liu, Shutian Xue, Feng Liu, Zhengjun Li, Yutong School of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China School of Physical Science and Technology Tiangong University Tianjin300387 China School of Space Information Space Engineering University Beijing101416 China Optical Imaging Laboratory Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China National Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China College of Data Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Harbin150080 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics Beiiing100076 China

As an excellent representative of coherent diffraction imaging, ptychography iterative engine plays a crucial role in biomedical imaging and crystal structure analysis. However, the significant challenges regarding imaging speed and throughput have hindered its development in fast imaging. In this paper, we propose a fast square aperture reconstruction method with a low-overlap rate aimed at mitigating the issue of low efficiency. Our approach, employing the Tamura coefficient of gradient (TOG) operator-guided strategy with square aperture, surpasses the performance of previous initial iterations. Enhanced imaging quality is demonstrated by intentionally selecting patterns in the reconstruction stage. Our results illustrate that a high-overlap rate and extensive patterns are no longer indispensable for lensless ptychography. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Computational Imaging

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Double-stage Metamodel and Its Application in Aerodynamic Design Optimization

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2011年第5期24卷 568-576页

作者： ZHANG Dehu GAO Zhenghong HUANG Likeng WANG Mingliang National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerodynamic Design and Research Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics ＆ Numerical Mathematical Beijing 100076 China

Constructing metamodel with global high-fidelity in design space is significant in engineering design. In this paper, a double-stage metamodel （DSM） which integrates advantages of both interpolation metamodel and regression metamodel is constructed. It takes regression model as the first stage to fit overall distribution of the original model, and then interpolation model of regression model approximation error is used as the second stage to improve accuracy. Under the same conditions and with the same samples, DSM expresses higher fidelity and represents physical characteristics of original model better. Besides, in order to validate DSM characteristics, three examples including Ackley function, airfoil aerodynamic analysis and wing aerodynamic analysis are investigated, In the end, airfoil and wing aerodynamic design optimizations using genetic algorithm are presented to verify the engineering applicability of DSM.

关键词： optimization genetic algorithm double-stage metamodel Kriging BP neural network Latin hypercube Parsecmethod

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Characteristic Mode Design of Dual-Band Reconfigurable Frequency Selective Surface

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第6期31卷 1129-1137页

作者： NING Zihao LI Mengmeng DING Dazhi AI Xia LIU Jiaqi Department of Communication Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics

In this paper, a characteristic mode design of dual-band reconfigurable frequency selective surface(RFSS) with transmission/reflection band is presented. Through the visualization of modal behavior, the theory of characteristic modes(TCM) is used to guide design from a physical perspective. At first, the dominant modes of two basic structures that have a major impact on reflection are clarified by observing the modal *** appropriate combination of the two structures forms an initial element with bandpass properties. Then, the positive-intrinsic-negative(PIN) diode is placed in the middle of the microstrip line and as the state shifts from ON to OFF, the dominant mode resonant frequency of the microstrip line shifts upward. Such a feature can be used to design the transmission/reflection RFSS. Experimentally, a dual-band RFSS operating at 8.8 GHz and 10.4 GHz is designed and fabricated. The measured results that agree with the full-wave simulation validate the proposed TCM-based design.

关键词： dual-band reconfigurable frequency selective surface dual-band RFSS positive-intrinsic-negative diode theory of characteristic modes characteristic mode design full-wave simulation transmission band p-i-n diodes modal behavior visualization bandpass properties microstrip lines microstrip line dominant mode resonant frequency PIN diode microwave filters frequency selective surfaces TCM-based design reflection band transmission RFSS microwave diodes band-pass filters microstrip filters reflection RFSS

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Htem: High-Throughput Toolkit for Elasticity Modeling

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Yang, Zhen Xian, Jiawei Xu, Yuanji Lin, De-Ye Wang, Qingchun Gao, Xingyu Tian, Fuyang Song, Haifeng Institute for Applied Physics University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100094 China CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100094 China

The elasticity under varying temperatures and pressures is particularly significant for understanding mechanical properties and structural phase transitions. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for tools capable of determining elasticity across wide temperature and pressure ranges, either numerically or analytically. We propose HTEM, a comprehensive toolkit that automates the workflow for input generation, elastic calculations, modeling, and visualization within an integrated framework. HTEM performs simulations with four computational modes, allowing users to balance accuracy and efficiency. It incorporates a semi-analytic model for robust, high-precision elastic modeling with finite data combinations, even using sparse elasticity at high temperatures. To validate the workflows of calculation and modeling, we perform HTEM to study the elasticity of Si across wide temperature and pressure ranges. Results show the high precision and high efficiency of HTEM. And modeling mitigates noise from constant pressure ensemble simulations. Furthermore, HTEM provides detailed visualizations of elasticity and its anisotropy as functions of temperature and pressure, providing comprehensive insights into how the intrinsic properties of materials evolve under varying conditions. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elasticity

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Multiparameter sensitivity analysis of tilt-to-length coupling noise in Taiji test mass interferometer

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Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems 2025年第1期11卷

作者： Xie, Fei Peng, Xiaodong Tang, Wenlin Zhao, Mengyuan Ma, Xiaoshan UCAS Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou China Chinese Academy of Sciences National Space Science Center Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space System Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe Hangzhou China Key Laboratory of Gravitational Wave Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China Xi'an University of Finance and Economics School of Information Xi'an China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Engineering Thermophysics National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine Beijing China

Tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling noise is a significant noise source for test mass interferometers in Laser Interferometer Space Antenna or Taiji, but identifying key parameters is a challenge due to the large number of influencing factors and complex interrelationships. Simulation models based on the heterodyne interference process and the signal readout of the test mass interferometer were constructed to generate a dataset containing different parameters and corresponding to the longitudinal path length noise caused by TTL coupling. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was employed to fit the nonlinear relationships between the parameters and TTL coupling noise. Based on the fitting results of the XGBoost model, the sensitivity of single factor and multiple factors was performed using SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values and attribution value matrix, and the results were validated by the analytical models. Without reducing the fitting accuracy, the parameter dimension was decreased from ∼60 to 11 according to sensitivities, retaining those most relevant to angular misalignment. The results showed that the angle of the test mass, the angle of the beam splitters and mirrors, and the lateral offset of the test mass had a significant impact on TTL coupling noise. The introduction of machine learning methods into the study of TTL coupling contributes to a deeper understanding of noise mechanisms and provides references for optimizing the instrument design of the Taiji program. © 2025 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser interferometry

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