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Quantifying local predictability of the Lorenz system using the nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent

Atmospheric and Oceanic science Letters 2017年第5期10卷 372-378页

作者： HUAI Xiao-Wei LI Jian-Ping DING Rui-Qiang FENG Jie LIU De-Qiang State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Global Change and Earth System Science (GCESS) Beijing Normal University Beijing China Joint Center for Global Change Studies Beijing Normal University Beijing China College of Atmospheric Sciences Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu China GIobal Systems Division Earth System Research Laboratory/Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Boulder CO USA Fujian Meteorological Observatory Fuzhou China

The nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent（NLLE） can be used as a quantification of the local predictability limit of chaotic systems. In this study, the phase-spatial structure of the local predictability limit over the Lorenz-63 system is investigated. It is found that the inner and outer rims of each regime of the attractor have a high probability of a longer than average local predictability limit, while the center part is the opposite. However, the distribution of the local predictability limit is nonuniformly organized, with adjacent points sometimes showing quite distinct error *** source of local predictability is linked to the local dynamics, which is related to the region in the phase space and the duration on the current regime.

关键词： Nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent local predictability limit chaotic system Lorenz system

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test of lepton flavor universality and search for lepton flavor violation in B → K decays

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Choudhury, S. Sandilya, Saurabh Trabelsi, K. Giri, A. Aihara, H. Al Said, S. Asner, D.M. Atmacan, H. Aulchenko, V. Aushev, T. Ayad, R. Babu, V. Bahinipati, S. Behera, P. Beleño, C. Belous, K. Bennett, J. Bernlochner, F. Bessner, M. Bhardwaj, V. Bilka, T. Biswal, J. Bonvicini, G. Bozek, A. Bračko, M. Browder, T.E. Campajola, M. Červenkov, D. Chang, M.-C. Chang, P. Chekelian, V. Chen, A. Cheon, B.G. Chilikin, K. Cho, K. Choi, S.-K. Choi, Y. Cinabro, D. Cunliffe, S. Dash, N. de Nardo, G. Dhamija, R. Di Capua, F. Dingfelder, J. Doležal, Z. Dong, T.V. Dossett, D. Dubey, S. Eidelman, S. Epifanov, D. Ferber, T. Ferlewicz, D. Fulsom, B.G. Garg, R. Gaur, V. Gabyshev, N. Garmash, A. Goldenzweig, P. Golob, B. Greenwald, D. Hadjivasiliou, C. Hartbrich, O. Hayashii, H. Hedges, M.T. Hernandez Villanueva, M. Higuchi, T. Hou, W.-S. Hsu, C.-L. Iijima, T. Inami, K. Ishikawa, A. Itoh, R. Iwasaki, M. Iwasaki, Y. Jacobs, W.W. Jang, E.-J. Jeon, H.B. Jia, S. Jin, Y. Joo, C.W. Joo, K.K. Kahn, J. Kaliyar, A.B. Kang, K.H. Karyan, G. Kichimi, H. Kiesling, C. Kim, B.H. Kim, D.Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, K.T. Kim, S.H. Kim, Y.-K. Kinoshita, K. Kodyš, P. Korpar, S. Kotchetkov, D. Križan, P. Kroeger, R. Krokovny, P. Kuhr, T. Kulasiri, R. Kumar, R. Kumara, K. Kuzmin, A. Kwon, Y.-J. Lalwani, K. Lee, S.C. Lewis, P. Li, C.H. Li, L.K. Li, Y.B. Li Gioi, L. Libby, J. Lieret, K. Liptak, Z. Liventsev, D. Luo, T. Masuda, M. Matsuda, T. Matvienko, D. Merola, M. Miyabayashi, K. Mizuk, R. Mohanty, G.B. Mohanty, S. Moon, T.J. Mori, T. Nakamura, I. Nakamura, K.R. Nakao, M. Natkaniec, Z. Natochii, A. Nayak, L. Nayak, M. Niiyama, M. Nisar, N.K. Nishida, S. Ogawa, K. Ono, H. Onuki, Y. Oskin, P. Pakhlov, P. Pakhlova, G. Pardi, S. Park, H. Park, S.-H. Patra, S. Paul, S. Pedlar, T.K. Pestotnik, R. Piilonen, L.E. Podobnik, T. Popov, V. Prencipe, E. Prim, M.T. Rabusov, A. Rostomyan, A. Rout, N. Rozanska, M. Hiroshima University Japan University of the Basque Country UPV EHU Bilbao48080 Spain University of Bonn Bonn53115 Germany Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS Novosibirsk630090 Russia Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague121 16 Czech Republic Chonnam National University Gwangju61186 Korea Republic of University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221 United States Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Hamburg22607 Germany University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei24205 Taiwan Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai200443 China II. Physikalisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Göttingen37073 Germany Hayama240-0193 Japan Gyeongsang National University Jinju52828 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Institute of Natural Sciences Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of University of Hawaii HonoluluHI96822 United States Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Moscow101000 Russia Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich52425 Germany IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao48013 Spain Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali SAS Nagar140306 India Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Satya Nagar751007 India Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana502285 India Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India Indiana University BloomingtonIN47408 United States Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino142281 Russia Institute of High Energy Physics Vienna1050 Austria INFN - Sezione di Napoli Napoli80126 Italy INFN - Sezione di Torino Torino10125 Italy Advanced Science Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka319-1195 Japan J. Stefan Institute Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Institut für Experimentelle

We present measurements of the branching fractions for the decays B → Kµ+µ− and B → Ke+e−, and their ratio (RK), using a data sample of 711 fb−1 that contains 772 × 106 BB¯ events. The data were collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The ratio RK is measured in five bins of dilepton invariant-mass-squared (q2): q2 ∈ (0.1, 4.0), (4.00, 8.12), (1.0, 6.0), (10.2, 12.8) and (> 14.18) GeV2/c4, along with the whole q2 region. The RK value for q2 ∈ (1.0, 6.0) GeV2/c4 is 1.03+0−0.2824 ± 0.01. The first and second uncertainties listed are statistical and systematic, respectively. All results for RK are consistent with Standard Model predictions. We also measure CP -averaged isospin asymmetries in the same q2 bins. The results are consistent with a null asymmetry, with the largest difference of 2.6 standard deviations occurring for the q2 ∈ (1.0, 6.0) GeV2/c4 bin in the mode with muon final states. The measured differential branching fractions, dB/dq2, are consistent with theoretical predictions for charged B decays, while the corresponding values are below the expectations for neutral B decays. We have also searched for lepton-flavor-violating B → Kµ±e decays and set 90% confidence-level upper limits on the branching fraction in the range of 10−8 for B+ → K+µ±e, and B0 → K0µ±e modes. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Germanium alloys

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test of lepton-flavor universality in B → K∗l+l− decays at Belle

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Wehle, Simon Adachi, I. Adamczyk, K. Aihara, H. Asner, D.M. Atmacan, H. Aulchenko, V. Aushev, T. Ayad, R. Babu, V. Behera, P. Berger, M. Bhardwaj, V. Biswal, J. Bozek, A. Bračko, M. Browder, T.E. Campajola, M. Cao, L. Chang, M.-C. Chen, A. Cheon, B.G. Chilikin, K. Cho, K. Choi, Y. Choudhury, S. Cinabro, D. Cunliffe, S. Dash, N. de Nardo, G. Di Capua, F. Dubey, S. Eidelman, S. Epifanov, D. Ferber, T. Fulsom, B.G. Garg, R. Gaur, V. Gabyshev, N. Garmash, A. Giri, A. Goldenzweig, P. Greenwald, D. Guan, Y. Haba, J. Hartbrich, O. Hayasaka, K. Hayashii, H. Hedges, M.T. Higuchi, T. Hou, W.-S. Hsu, C.-L. Iijima, T. Inami, K. Inguglia, G. Ishikawa, A. Itoh, R. Iwasaki, M. Iwasaki, Y. Jacobs, W.W. Jia, S. Jin, Y. Joffe, D. Kahn, J. Kaliyar, A.B. Karyan, G. Kichimi, H. Kim, D.Y. Kim, K.T. Kim, S.H. Kim, Y.-K. Kinoshita, K. Komarov, I. Korpar, S. Kotchetkov, D. Kroeger, R. Krokovny, P. Kuhr, T. Kulasiri, R. Kumar, R. Kumara, K. Kuzmin, A. Kwon, Y.-J. Lange, J.S. Lee, J.Y. Lee, S.C. Li, Y.B. Libby, J. Liptak, Z. Liventsev, D. Luo, T. MacNaughton, J. Masuda, M. Matsuda, T. McNeil, J.T. Merola, M. Metzner, F. Miyata, H. Mizuk, R. Mohanty, G.B. Moon, T.J. Mussa, R. Nakao, M. Natochii, A. Nayak, M. Niebuhr, C. Niiyama, M. Nisar, N.K. Nishida, S. Ogawa, K. Ogawa, S. Ono, H. Onuki, Y. Pakhlov, P. Pakhlova, G. Park, H. Park, S.-H. Pedlar, T.K. Pestotnik, R. Piilonen, L.E. Podobnik, T. Popov, V. Prencipe, E. Prim, M.T. Resmi, P.K. Ritter, M. Rostomyan, A. Rout, N. Russo, G. Sahoo, D. Sakai, Y. Sandilya, S. Sangal, A. Santelj, L. Savinov, V. Schneider, O. Schnell, G. Schueler, J. Schwanda, C. Schwartz, A.J. Seino, Y. Senyo, K. Sevior, M.E. Shapkin, M. Shiu, J.-G. Shwartz, B. Solovieva, E. Starič, M. Strube, J.F. Sumiyoshi, T. Sutcliffe, W. Takizawa, M. Tamponi, U. Tanida, K. Tao, Y. Tenchini, F. Trabelsi, K. Uchida, M. Uglov, T. Unno, Y. Uno, S. Ushiroda, Y. University of the Basque Country UPV EHU Bilbao48080 Spain University of Bonn Bonn53115 Germany Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York11973 United States Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS Novosibirsk630090 Russia University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH45221 United States Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Hamburg22607 Germany University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University Taipei24205 Taiwan Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai200443 China Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Gießen35392 Germany Hayama240-0193 Japan Department of Physics Institute of Natural Sciences Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of University of Hawaii HonoluluHI96822 United States Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Moscow101000 Russia Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich52425 Germany Hiroshima Institute of Technology Hiroshima731-5193 Japan IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao48013 Spain Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali SAS Nagar140306 India Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana502285 India Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India Indiana University BloomingtonIN47408 United States Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Institute of High Energy Physics Vienna1050 Austria Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino142281 Russia INFN - Sezione di Napoli Napoli80126 Italy INFN - Sezione di Torino Torino10125 Italy Advanced Science Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka319-1195 Japan J. Stefan Institute Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Karlsruhe76131 Germany University of Tokyo Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Kennesaw State University KennesawGA30144 United States Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Kor

We present a measurement of RK∗, the branching fraction ratio B(B → K∗µ+µ−)/ B(B → K∗e+e−), for both charged and neutral B mesons. The ratio for the charged case, RK∗+, is the first measurement ever performed. In addition, we report absolute branching fractions for the individual modes in bins of the squared dilepton invariant mass, q2. The analysis is based on a data sample of 711 fb−1, containing 772×106 BB¯ events, recorded at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The obtained results are consistent with Standard Model expectations. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Digital predistortion, all-digital transmitter, baseband equivalent model

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Lin, De-Ye Song, Haifeng Hui, Xi Dong State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Fenghao East Road 2 Beijing100094 CAEP Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation Huayuan Road 6 Beijing100088

In this work, a many-body potential of Nb for radiation damage simulation was developed based on embedded-atom-method (EAM), and most of the point defects of Nb can be predicted properly by this potential. By using the constructed potential, the direction-specific threshold displacement energies (TDE) and displacement cascades up to 20 keV of Nb were performed through molecular dynamics simulations. The calculated results of TDE are in good agreement with previous work for V, Mo and experimental measurements. Lowest TDE was found in direction, and local minas of TDE were found in three low-index directions, which has relation:E[100]dE[111]dE[110]d. The evolution of displacement cascades, number of the created point defects, the cascade efficiency the clustering of point defects, and temperature role of these parameters at different PKA energies were systematic investigated. It is found that the cascade efficiency is low and it is can be fitted by a power function as many published work did. The fraction of clustered point defects obtained in this work is low, and only some small clusters were formed at the end of thermal spike. As the temperature increases, the productions of point defects and cascade efficiency were somewhat decreases, however, the fraction of clustered point defects decreases more obvious. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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Evaluation of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength Using the Cosmic-Ray Shadow of the Sun

引用

Physical Review Letters 2018年第3期120卷 031101-031101页

作者： M. Amenomori X. J. Bi D. Chen T. L. Chen W. Y. Chen S. W. Cui Danzengluobu L. K. Ding C. F. Feng Zhaoyang Feng Z. Y. Feng Q. B. Gou Y. Q. Guo H. H. He Z. T. He K. Hibino N. Hotta Haibing Hu H. B. Hu J. Huang H. Y. Jia L. Jiang F. Kajino K. Kasahara Y. Katayose C. Kato K. Kawata M. Kozai Labaciren G. M. Le A. F. Li H. J. Li W. J. Li C. Liu J. S. Liu M. Y. Liu H. Lu X. R. Meng T. Miyazaki K. Mizutani K. Munakata T. Nakajima Y. Nakamura H. Nanjo M. Nishizawa T. Niwa M. Ohnishi I. Ohta S. Ozawa X. L. Qian X. B. Qu T. Saito T. Y. Saito M. Sakata T. K. Sako J. Shao M. Shibata A. Shiomi T. Shirai H. Sugimoto M. Takita Y. H. Tan N. Tateyama S. Torii H. Tsuchiya S. Udo H. Wang H. R. Wu L. Xue Y. Yamamoto K. Yamauchi Z. Yang A. F. Yuan T. Yuda L. M. Zhai H. M. Zhang J. L. Zhang X. Y. Zhang Y. Zhang Yi Zhang Ying Zhang Zhaxisangzhu X. X. Zhou Department of Physics Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036-8561 Japan Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Department of Mathematics and Physics Tibet University Lhasa 850000 China Department of Physics Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050016 China Department of Physics Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Institute of Modern Physics SouthWest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Yokohama 221-8686 Japan Faculty of Education Utsunomiya University Utsunomiya 321-8505 Japan Department of Physics Konan University Kobe 658-8501 Japan Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan Department of Physics Shinshu University Matsumoto 390-8621 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8582 Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA) Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-5210 Japan National Center for Space Weather China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Agriculture University Taian 271018 China Saitama University Saitama 338-8570 Japan National Institute of Informatics Tokyo 101-8430 Japan Sakushin Gakuin University Utsunomiya 321-3295 Japan College of Science China University of Petroleum Qingdao 266555 China Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Tokyo 116-8523 Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik München D-80805 Deutschland Escuela de Ciencias Físicas y Nanotechnología Yachay Tech Imbabura 100115 Ecuador College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Narashino 275-8576 Japan Shonan Institute of Technology Fujisawa 251-8511 Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Tokai-mu

We analyze the Sun’s shadow observed with the Tibet-III air shower array and find that the shadow’s center deviates northward (southward) from the optical solar disk center in the “away” (“toward”) interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) sector. By comparing with numerical simulations based on the solar magnetic field model, we find that the average IMF strength in the away (toward) sector is 1.54±0.21stat±0.20syst (1.62±0.15stat±0.22syst) times larger than the model prediction. These demonstrate that the observed Sun’s shadow is a useful tool for the quantitative evaluation of the average solar magnetic field.

关键词： Cosmic ray propagation Sun Interplanetary magnetic field Cosmic rays & astroparticles

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Experimental test of the irreducible four-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger paradox

引用

Physical Review A 2017年第3期95卷 030103(R)-030103(R)页

作者： Zu-En Su Wei-Dong Tang Dian Wu Xin-Dong Cai Tao Yang Li Li Nai-Le Liu Chao-Yang Lu Marek Żukowski Jian-Wei Pan Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices Shanxi Province and Department of Applied Physics of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics University of Gdansk Wita Stwosza 57 80-308 Gdansk Poland

The paradox of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) disproves directly the concept of EPR elements of reality, based on the EPR correlations, in an all-versus-nothing way. A three-qubit experimental demonstration of the GHZ paradox was achieved nearly 20 years ago, followed by demonstrations for more qubits. Still, the GHZ contradictions underlying the tests can be reduced to a three-qubit one. We show an irreducible four-qubit GHZ paradox, and report its experimental demonstration. The bound of a three-setting-per-party Bell-GHZ inequality is violated by 7σ. The fidelity of the GHZ state was around 81%, and an entanglement witness reveals a violation of the separability threshold by 19σ.

关键词： Nonlocality Quantum entanglement Quantum foundations Quantum measurements

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ISAR target micro-Doppler feature extraction and recognition method based on PCA and ICA

ISAR target micro-Doppler feature extraction and recognition...

引用

IET International Radar Conference 2015

作者： Bai, Jinliang Jiang, Zhiye Liu, Jiaqi Gao, Lu Liu, Hongyan Xu, Feng Qin, Peng Li, Hu Chen, Shuyuan Liu, Shengdong National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781849199940

Micro-Doppler features can be regarded as a unique signature of ISAR targets and provide critical information for target recognition. This paper proposes an ISAR micro-Doppler feature extraction and recognition method based on combination algorithm of principle component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). In order to decrease computation burden, PCA algorithm is first applied to reduce dimension and second order correlation, and then ICA decomposes micro-Doppler represented in time frequency domain into a set of independent basis components, which consist the micro-Doppler feature subspace. Target recognition is transformed to calculate the projection coefficient in the subspace. The experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Independent component analysis

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Communication performance optimization of spaceborne/airborne Radar networks

Communication performance optimization of spaceborne/airborn...

引用

IET International Radar Conference 2015

作者： Li, Hu Gao, Lu Liu, Jiaqi Liu, Hongyan Jiang, Zhiye Bai, Jinliang Xu, Feng Chen, Shuyuan Liu, Shengdong Zhu, Guangsheng Liu, Xuemei National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics Beijing100076 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781849199940

In this paper, we investigate communication performance optimization problem of spaceborne/airborne Radar networks. A model of spaceborne/airborne Radar networks with propagation delay and power constraints is given first. A Quadric Lyapunov function based Algorithm (QLA) is then proposed aiming at greedily minimizing an expression containing Lyapunov drift. We prove two main conclusions, one is that the communication network of spaceborne/airborne Radars under QLA is stable, the other is that power constraints are met. Upper bounds of queue backlogs and a lower bound of utility function are established through theoretical analysis, and how propagation delay jeopardizes utility performance is also demonstrated. Simulation of QLA is carried out in a scenario consists of 6 nodes, and results are in accordance with theoretical conclusions.

关键词： Lyapunov methods

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Measurement of high energy cosmic rays by the new Tibet hybrid experiment 35

Measurement of high energy cosmic rays by the new Tibet hybr...

引用

35th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2017

作者： Amenomori, M. Bi, X.J. Chen, D. Chen, T.L. Chen, W.Y. Cui, S.W. Danzengluobu Ding, L.K. Feng, C.F. Feng, Zhaoyang Feng, Z.Y. Gou, Q.B. Guo, Y.Q. He, H.H. He, Z.T. Hibino, K. Hotta, N. Hu, Haibing Hu, H.B. Huang, J. Jia, H.Y. Jiang, L. Kajino, F. Kasahara, K. Katayose, Y. Kato, C. Kawata, K. Kozai, M. Labaciren Le, G.M. Li, A.F. Li, H.J. Li, W.J. Liu, C. Liu, J.S. Liu, M.Y. Lu, H. Meng, X.R. Miyazaki, T. Mizutani, K. Munakata, K. Nakajima, T. Nakamura, Y. Nanjo, H. Nishizawa, M. Niwa, T. Ohnishi, M. Ohta, I. Ozawa, S. Qian, X.L. Qu, X.B. Saito, T. Saito, T.Y. Sakata, M. Sako, T.K. Shao, J. Shibata, M. Shiomi, A. Shirai, T. Sugimoto, H. Takita, M. Tan, Y.H. Tateyama, N. Torii, S. Tsuchiya, H. Udo, S. Wang, H. Wu, H.R. Xue, L. Yamamoto, Y. Yamauchi, K. Yang, Z. Yuan, A.F. Yuda, T. Zhai, L.M. Zhang, H.M. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Yi Zhang, Ying Zhaxisangzhu Zhou, X.X. Department of Physics Hirosaki University Japan Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences China Department of Mathematics and Physics Tibet University China Department of Physics Hebei Normal University China Department of Physics Shandong University China Institute of Modern Physics SouthWest Jiaotong University China Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Japan Faculty of Education Utsunomiya University Japan Department of Physics Konan University Japan Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Japan Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University Japan Department of Physics Shinshu University Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Japan National Center for Space Weather China Meteorological Administration China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Agriculture University China Saitama University Japan National Institute of Informatics Japan Sakushin Gakuin University Japan College of Science China University of Petroleum China Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Escuela de Ciencias Físicas y Nanotechnología Yachay Tech. Ecuador College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Japan Shonan Institute of Technology Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan

We have started a new hybrid air shower experiment at Yangbajing (4300 m a.s.l.) in Tibet in February 2014. This new hybrid experiment consists of the YAC-II comprised of 124 core detectors placed in the form of a square grid of 1.9 m spacing covering about 500 m2, the Tibet-III air shower array with the total area of about 50, 000 m2 and the underground MD array consisting of 80 cells, with the total area of about 4, 200 m2. This hybrid-array system is used to observe air showers of high energy celestial gamma-ray origin and those of nuclear-component origin. In this paper, a short review of the experiment will be followed by an overview on the current results on energy spectrum and chemical composition of CRs and test of hadronic interaction models. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

关键词： Gamma rays

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Study of RF structure for W band sheet beam EIK

Study of RF structure for W band sheet beam EIK

引用

IET International Radar Conference 2015

作者： Chen, Shuyuan Jiang, Zhiye Liu, Jiaqi Gao, Lu Bai, Jingliang Liu, Hongyan Meng, Gang Xu, Feng Li, Hu Liu, Chengguo Zhu, Guangsheng National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics and Numerical Mathematics Beijing100076 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781849199940

Microwave tubes are vacuum electron devices used for the generation and amplification of radio frequencies in the microwave frequency range. Klystron is a kind of microwave tubes which is used in radar. A sheet-beam Extended Interaction Klystron (SBEIK) is an attractive MMW amplifier because of its high gain per unit length and compact configuration. The RF structure is an important part of the whole tube, which is used for beam wave interaction. In this paper, two kinds of barbell cavity has been studied. The difference between the separating multi-gap barbell resonant cavity and the strong coupling multi-gap barbell cavity has been discussed. RF parameters have been calculated by 3D simulations.

关键词： Microwaves

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