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检索条件"机构=National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer Science"

共 508 条记录，以下是421-430 订阅

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Kernel Fusion: An Effective Method for Better Power Efficiency on Multithreaded GPU

Kernel Fusion: An Effective Method for Better Power Efficien...

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IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom)

作者： Guibin Wang YiSong Lin Wei Yi National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424497799

As one of the most popular accelerators, Graphics processing Unit (GPU) has demonstrated high computing power in several application fields. On the other hand, GPU also produces high power consumption and has been one of the most largest power consumers in desktop and supercomputer systems. However, software power optimization method targeted for GPU has not been well studied. In this work, we propose kernel fusion method to reduce energy consumption and improve power efficiency on GPU architecture. Through fusing two or more independent kernels, kernel fusion method achieves higher utilization and much more balanced demand for hardware resources, which provides much more potential for power optimization, such as dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). Basing on the CUDA programming model, this paper also gives several different fusion methods targeted for different situations. In order to make judicious fusion strategy, we deduce the process of fusing multiple independent kernels as a dynamic programming problem, which could be well solved with many existing tools and be simply embedded into compiler or runtime system. To reduce the overhead introduced by kernel fusion, we also propose effective method to reduce the usage of shared memory and coordinate the thread space of the kernels to be fused. Detailed experimental evaluation validates that the proposed kernel fusion method could reduce energy consumption without performance loss for several typical kernels.

关键词： Kernel Instruction sets Graphics processing unit Energy consumption Hardware Mathematical model Dynamic programming

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Sim-spm: A SimpleScalar-Based Simulator for Multi-level SPM Memory Hierarchy Architecture

Sim-spm: A SimpleScalar-Based Simulator for Multi-level SPM ...

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IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Xiaoguang Ren Yuhua Tang Tao Tang Sen Ye Huiquan Wang Jing Zhou National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

As a fast on-chip SRAM managed by software (the application and/or compiler), Scratchpad Memory (SPM) is widely used in many fields. This paper presents a Simple Scalar-based multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture simulator Sim-spm. We simulate the hardware of the multi-level SPM memory hierarchy successfully by extending Sim-outorder, which is an out-of-order simulator from Simple Scalar. Through the simulating memory method, the simulation framework of the multi-level SPM memory hierarchy has been built under the existing ISA (Instruction Set Architecture), which largely reduces the requirement to modify the existing compiler. The experimental results show that Sim-spm can accurately simulate the running state of the processor with a multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture, and it has a good prospect for the research of multi-level SPM memory hierarchy architecture.

关键词： Kernel Random access memory Libraries Memory management Memory architecture

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Power analysis and optimizations for GPU architecture using a power simulator

Power analysis and optimizations for GPU architecture using ...

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International Conference on Advanced computer Theory and Engineering, ICACTE

作者： Guibin Wang National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465392

As one of the most popular many-core architecture, GPUs have illustrated power in many non-graphic applications. Traditional general purpose computing systems tend to integrate GPU as the co-processor to accelerate parallel computing tasks. Meanwhile, GPUs also result in high power consumption, which accounts for a large proportion of the total system power consumption. In this paper, we mainly focus on the power analysis and optimizations for GPU architecture. The main contributions of this paper are: firstly, we establish a GPU power research platform, which is extended from an existing GPU simulator with several power models; secondly, we validate that, as the gap between shader core and memory speed becomes larger and larger, integrating more shader cores or enhancing running frequencies may not bring better performance, but results in higher energy consumption; thirdly, we show that traditional power optimization methods for CPUs, such as dynamic frequency scaling and concurrency-throttling, could be effectively applied on GPU architectures for better power efficiency, especially for memory-intensive applications.

关键词： Computational modeling Benchmark testing Graphics processing unit Arrays Analytical models Clocks Integrated circuit interconnections

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Conflict graph based hardware transactional memory

Conflict graph based hardware transactional memory

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International Conference on computer science and Information Technology (CSIT)

作者： Kun Zeng National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

This paper proposes a novel transactional memory design: conflict graph based hardware transactional memory. It allows two conflicting transactions both to commit if they do not violate the condition of serializability. Simulation results show that conflict graph based hardware transactional memory outperforms the state-of-art transactional memory system.

关键词： Protocols

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Power-Efficient Work Distribution Method for CPU-GPU Heterogeneous System

Power-Efficient Work Distribution Method for CPU-GPU Heterog...

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International Symposium on parallel and distributed processing with Applications, ISPA

作者： Guibin Wang Xiaoguang Ren National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

As the system scales up continuously, the problem of power consumption for high performance computing (HPC) system becomes more severe. Heterogeneous system integrating two or more kinds of processors, could be better adapted to heterogeneity in applications and provide much higher energy efficiency in theory. Many studies have shown heterogeneous system is preferable on energy consumption to homogeneous system in a multi-programmed computing environment. However, how to exploit energy efficiency (Flops/Watt) of heterogeneous system for a single application or even for a single phase in an application has not been well studied. This paper proposes a power-efficient work distribution method for single application on a CPU-GPU heterogeneous system. The proposed method could coordinate inter-processor work distribution and per-processor's frequency scaling to minimize energy consumption under a given scheduling length constraint. We conduct our experiment on a real system, which equips with a multi-core CPU and a multi-threaded GPU. Experimental results show that, with reasonably distributing work over CPU and GPU, the method achieves 14% reduction in energy consumption than static mappings for several typical benchmarks. We also demonstrate that our method could adapt to changes in scheduling length constraint and hardware configurations.

关键词： Graphics processing unit Energy consumption Power demand Processor scheduling Benchmark testing Power measurement

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Metal interference analysis and design rules of on-chip antennas for wireless interconnect

Metal interference analysis and design rules of on-chip ante...

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URSI International Symposium on Signals, Systems, and Electronics (ISSSE)

作者： Xiaowei He Minxuan Zhang Jinwen Li Shaoqing Li National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha Hunan China

The influence of on-chip metal interconnections, power grids, heat sink together with packaging, and metal dummy fills on the transmission characteristics of a 2mm-long integrated dipole antenna pair has been investigated in this paper. These metal structures and placements have been classified and particular simulations are performed to explore the interference effects of neighboring various metal structures on transmission gain, phase, impedance and radiation pattern for on-chip dipole antenna pair. By virtue of the experimental results and analyses, several experiential linear expressions for antenna pair gain and phase in interference circumstances are obtained using numerical fit. A set of design rules is concluded accordingly for guiding on-chip antenna layout and design targeting wireless interconnect.

关键词： Metals System-on-a-chip Transmitting antennas Dipole antennas Silicon

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SemanticCast: Content-Based Data Distribution over Self-Organizing Semantic Overlay Networks

SemanticCast: Content-Based Data Distribution over Self-Orga...

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IEEE International Conference on parallel and distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT)

作者： Zhong Zheng Yijie Wang National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

Many applications demand distributing data with different contents efficiently in the network environment with unreliable links and a high node churn. Existing approaches mostly focus on optimizing either efficiency or robustness of data distribution, and fail to ensure both of them simultaneously. In this paper, we propose Semantic Cast - a content-based data distribution approach over self-organizing semantic overlay networks. Semantic Cast maintains a self-organizing semantic overlay based on view exchange (called Crowd). In Crowd, each node seeks neighbors with more similar interests by periodically exchanging its neighbor list (called view) with a chosen neighbor. Through these nodes' self-organizing behavior, various interest communities emerge in the overlay. For data distribution over Crowd, Semantic Cast adopts random walk to route data between interest communities, and adopts flooding to disseminate data inside the interested communities. The experimental results show that compared to existing approaches, Semantic Cast can support efficient content-based data distribution in the unreliable and highly dynamic network environment.

关键词： Semantics Peer to peer computing Communities Routing Robustness Convergence Subscriptions

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Stigmergic Collaboration: A Sign-Based Perspective of Stigmergy

Stigmergic Collaboration: A Sign-Based Perspective of Stigme...

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2010 International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation(2010 智能计算技术与自动化国际会议 ICICTA 2010)

作者： Chuanjun Ren Hongbing Huang Shiyao Jin National Laboratory for Parallel & Distributed Processing College of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424472796

Insects build architecturally complex nests and search for remote food by collaboration work despite their limited sensors, minimal individual intelligence and the lack of a central control system. Insets' collaborations emerge as a response of the individual insects to Stigmergy. A sign-based model of Stigmergy to discuss collaboration is proposed in this paper where we picked up "sign" as a key notion to understand it. Therefore, sign is the link of all the components in a Stigmergic complex adaptive system. Based on this understanding, we propose a definition that reveals the nature of signs and exploit the significations and relationships carried by the notion of sign. Then, a sign-based model of Stigmergy is consequently reached, which captures the essentials of Stigmergy. A basic architecture of Stigmergy as well as its constituents are presented and discussed. At last, some applications of the model are discussed.

关键词： Stigmergy Sign Emergence Collaboration CAS

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Versatile Stack Management for Multitasking Sensor Networks

Versatile Stack Management for Multitasking Sensor Networks

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IEEE International Conference on distributed Computing Systems

作者： Rui Chu Lin Gu Yunhao Liu Mo Li Xicheng Lu National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781424472611;9780769540597

The networked application environment has motivated the development of multitasking operating systems for sensor networks and other low-power electronic devices, but their multitasking capability is severely limited because traditional stack management techniques perform poorly on small-memory systems. In this paper, we show that combining binary translation and a new kernel runtime can lead to efficient OS designs on resource-constrained platforms. We introduce SenSmart, a multitasking OS for sensor networks, and present new OS design techniques for supporting preemptive multi-task scheduling, memory isolation, and versatile stack management. We have implemented SenSmart on MICA2/MICAz motes. Evaluation shows that SenSmart performs efficient binary translation and demonstrates a significantly better capability in managing concurrent tasks than other sensornet operating systems.

关键词： parallel processing (computerS) Sensor networks Electron devices Furnace conveyors Cache Memory System Operating systems osmium

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nSET: Novel simulation method for single-electron tunnel device with 1-Dimension multiple islands

nSET: Novel simulation method for single-electron tunnel dev...

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IEEE International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC)

作者： Bingcai Sui Yaqing Chi Liang Fang National Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Hunan China National University of Defense Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435432

Single-electronic transistors (SETs) are considered as the attractive candidates for post-CMOS VLSI due to their ultra-small size and low power consumption. Because SETs with single island can not work at room temperature normally, more and more researchers begin to make research on the SETs with 1-dimension multi-islands. A new simulation method-nSET, is introduced in this paper. Compared with other methods, nSET can simulate the SET device with 1-dimension multiple islands with high speed and accuracy. Through the comparison, it can be get that nSET is accurate and fast compared with the classical Monte Carlo (MC) simulator, and is very useful for the ASIC design of SET devices.

关键词： Tunneling Programming profession Capacitance Circuit simulation Electrostatics Single electron transistors Application specific integrated circuits Discrete event simulation Very large scale integration Energy consumption

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