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arXiv 2023年

作者： Masterson, Megan Kara, Erin Pasham, Dheeraj R. D’Orazio, Daniel J. Walton, Dominic J. Fabian, Andrew C. Lucchini, Matteo Remillard, Ronald A. Arzoumanian, Zaven Burkhonov, Otabek Choi, Hyeonho Ehgamberdiev, Shuhrat A. Ferrara, Elizabeth C. Guolo, Muryel Im, Myungshin Kim, Yonggi Mirzaqulov, Davron O. Paek, Gregory S.H. Sung, Hyun-Il Yoon, Joh-Na MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Niels Bohr International Academy Niels Bohr Institute Blegdamsvej 17 CopenhagenDK-2100 Denmark Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Centre for Astrophysics Research University of Hertfordshire College Lane HatfieldAL10 9AB United Kingdom X-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Code 662 GreenbeltMD20771 United States Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute Astronomy Street 33 Tashkent100052 Uzbekistan SNU Astronomy Research Center Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of National University of Uzbekistan Tashkent100174 Uzbekistan Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University 400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Astronomy and Space Science Chungbuk National University Observatory Chungdae-ro 1 Seowon-Gu Chungbuk Cheongju28644 Korea Republic of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of

The nuclear transient AT2019cuk/Tick Tock/SDSS J1430+2303 has been suggested to harbor a supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary near coalescence. We report results from high-cadence NICER X-ray monitoring with multiple visits per day from January-August 2022, as well as continued optical monitoring during the same time period. We find no evidence of periodic/quasi-periodic modulation in the X-ray, UV, or optical bands, however we do observe exotic hard X-ray variability that is unusual for a typical AGN. The most striking feature of the NICER light curve is repetitive hard (2-4 keV) X-ray flares that result in distinctly harder X-ray spectra compared to the non-flaring data. In its non-flaring state, AT2019cuk looks like a relatively standard AGN, but it presents the first case of day-long, hard X-ray flares in a changing-look AGN. We consider a few different models for the driving mechanism of these hard X-ray flares, including: (1) corona/jet variability driven by increased magnetic activity, (2) variable obscuration, and (3) self-lensing from the potential secondary SMBH. We prefer the variable corona model, as the obscuration model requires rather contrived timescales and the self-lensing model is difficult to reconcile with a lack of clear periodicity in the flares. These findings illustrate how important high-cadence X-ray monitoring is to our understanding of the rapid variability of the X-ray corona and necessitate further high-cadence, multi-wavelength monitoring of changing-look AGN like AT2019cuk to probe the corona-jet connection. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Active Galactic Nuclei

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Tomographic Alcock-Paczyński Test with Redshift-space Correlation Function: Evidence for the Dark Energy Equation of State Parameter w > −1

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dong, Fuyu Park, Changbom Hong, Sungwook E. Kim, Juhan Hwang, Ho Seong Park, Hyunbae Appleby, Stephen 85 Hoegiro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02455 Korea Republic of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeok-daero Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of University of Science and Technology Astronomy Campus 776 Daedeok-daero Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Center for Advanced Computation Korea Institute for Advanced Study 85 Heogiro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02455 Korea Republic of Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory CA94720-8139 United States Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics UC Berkeley CA94720 United States Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Department of Physics POSTECH Pohang37673 Korea Republic of

The apparent shape of galaxy clustering depends on the adopted cosmology used to convert observed redshift to comoving distance, the r(z) relation, as it changes the line elements along and across the line of sight differently. The Alcock-Paczyński (AP) test exploits this property to constrain the expansion history of the universe. We present an extensive review of past studies on the AP test. We adopt an extended AP test method introduced by Park et al. (2019), which uses the full shape of redshift-space two-point correlation function (CF) as the standard shape, and apply it to the SDSS DR7, BOSS, and eBOSS LRG samples covering the redshift range up to z = 0.8. We calibrate the test against the nonlinear cosmology-dependent systematic evolution of the CF shape using the Multiverse simulations. We focus on examining whether or not the flat ΛCDM 'concordance' model is consistent with observation. We constrain the flat wCDM model to have w = −0.892+0.045-0.050 and Ωm = 0.282+0.024-0.023 from our AP test alone, which is significantly tighter than the constraints from the BAO or SNe Ia methods by a factor of 3-6. When the AP test result is combined with the recent BAO and SNe Ia results, we obtain w = −0.903+0.023-0.023 and Ωm = 0.285+0.014-0.009. This puts a strong tension with the flat ΛCDM model with w = −1 at 4.2σ level. Consistency with w = −1 is obtained only when the Planck CMB observation is combined. It remains to see if this tension between observations of galaxy distribution at low redshifts and CMB anisotropy at the decoupling epoch becomes greater in the future studies and leads us to a new paradigm of cosmology. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Equations of state

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Rational design of pyrene and thienyltriazine-based conjugated microporous polymers for high-performance energy storage and visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water

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Giant 2024年 17卷

作者： Santosh U. Sharma Mohamed Hammad Elsayed Islam M.A. Mekhemer Tso Shiuan Meng Ho-Hsiu Chou Shiao-Wei Kuo Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan International PhD Program for Science National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Nasr City 11884 Cairo Egypt Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71515 Egypt Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 804 Taiwan Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have found extensive applications in various fields such as optoelectronics, CO 2 capture, and catalysis. However, their potential in electrochemical supercapacitors as energy storage and H 2 production systems remains relatively unexplored. This limited exploration can be attributed to certain challenges, including issues related to structural and electrochemical stability, as well as the relatively modest specific capacitance. Additionally, many of the CMPs discovered thus far have exhibited lower energy densities, further contributing to this underexplored aspect of their utility. In this study, we prepared two different CMPs [TPET-TTh and PyT-TTh CMPs] containing thienyltriazine units (TTh) for the redox mechanism and constructed electrodes for supercapacitor applications. The synthesized TPET-TTh and PyT-TTh CMPs displayed exceptionally high specific surface areas of 545 and 528 m² g⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, their pore sizes were very similar, centered at approximately 0.39 and 0.36 nm, respectively. To evaluate their electrochemical properties, the TTh-CMPs were examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD). The resulting CV curves exhibited rectangular shapes, indicative of the characteristic behavior of electric double-layer capacitors, across a range of potential and scan rates. These TPET-TTh and PyT-TTh CMPs delivered nominal specific capacitances of 74 and 76 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 , respectively. In addition, they exhibited outstanding capacity retentions of 95.2 and 97.30 % even after 2000 cycles [analyzed at 10 A g −1 ]. The TTh-CMPs also exhibited excellent light-capture capabilities. The PyT-TTh CMP has faster charge separation and lower charge recombination rates than TPET-TTh CMP. This results in a higher hydrogen evolution rate from the water decomposition reaction. The H 2 production rate of PyT-TTh CMP could be as high as 18,533 μmol g −1 h −1 , which is approximately 4

关键词： Pyrene 2,4,6-tri(thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine Conjugated microporous polymer Supercapacitors H 2 evolution

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A detailed time-resolved and energy-resolved spectro-polarimetric study of bright GRBs detected by AstroSat CZTI in its first year of operation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gupta, Rahul Pandey, S.B. Gupta, S. Chattopadhayay, T. Bhattacharya, D. Bhalerao, V. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Valeev, A. Ror, A.K. Sharma, V. Racusin, J. Aryan, A. Iyyani, S. Vadawale, S. Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Mail Code 661 GreenbeltMD20771 United States NASA Postdoctoral Program Manora Peak Nainital263002 India Bhabha Atomic Research Center Maharashtra Mumbai400094 India Homi Bhabha National Institute Maharashtra Mumbai400094 India Kavli Institute of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 452 Lomita Mall StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Physics Ashoka University Haryana Sonipat131029 India Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Maharashtra Mumbai400076 India Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática Escuela de Ingenierías Universidad de Málaga C. Dr. Ortiz Ramos sn MálagaE-29071 Spain Special Astrophysical Observatory of Russian Academy of Sciences Nizhniy Arkhyz Russia University of Maryland Baltimore County BaltimoreMD21250 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Graduate Institute of Astronomy National Central University 300 Jhongda Road Jhongli32001 Taiwan Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kerala Thiruvananthapuram695551 India Physical Research Laboratory Thaltej Gujarat Ahmedabad380009 India

The radiation mechanism underlying the prompt emission remains unresolved and can be resolved using a systematic and uniform time-resolved spectro-polarimetric study. In this paper, we investigated the spectral, temporal, and polarimetric characteristics of five bright GRBs using archival data from AstroSat CZTI, Swift BAT, and Fermi GBM. These bright GRBs were detected by CZTI in its first year of operation, and their average polarization characteristics have been published in Chattopadhyay et al. (2022). In the present work, we examined the time-resolved (in 100-600 keV) and energyresolved polarization measurements of these GRBs with an improved polarimetric technique such as increasing the effective area and bandwidth (by using data from low-gain pixels), using an improved event selection logic to reduce noise in the double events and extend the spectral bandwidth. In addition, we also separately carried out detailed time-resolved spectral analyses of these GRBs using empirical and physical synchrotron models. By these improved time-resolved and energy-resolved spectral and polarimetric studies (not fully coupled spectro-polarimetric fitting), we could pin down the elusive prompt emission mechanism of these GRBs. Our spectro-polarimetric analysis reveals that GRB 160623A, GRB 160703A, and GRB 160821A have Poynting flux-dominated jets. On the other hand, GRB 160325A and GRB 160802A have baryonic-dominated jets with mild magnetization. Furthermore, we observe a rapid change in polarization angle by ∼ 90 degrees within the main pulse of very bright GRB 160821A, consistent with our previous results. Our study suggests that the jet composition of GRBs may exhibit a wide range of magnetization, which can be revealed by utilizing spectro-polarimetric investigations of the bright GRBs. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polarimeters

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Eclipse timing variations in the WD+dM eclipsing binary RR Cae

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Rattanamala, R. Awiphan, S. Komonjinda, S. Phriksee, A. Sappankum, P. A-Thano, N. Chitchak, S. Rittipruk, P. Sawangwit, U. Poshyachinda, S. Reichart, D.E. Haislip, J.B. PhD Program in Astronomy Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand Physics and General Science Program Faculty of Science and Technology Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand 260 Moo 4 Donkaew Mae Rim Chiang Mai50180 Thailand Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Physics Faculty of Science Udon Thani Rajabhat University Udon Thani41000 Thailand Department of Physics and Astronomy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27599 United States

We present the binary model and the eclipse timing variations of the eclipsing binary RR Cae, which consists of a white dwarf eclipsed by an M-type dwarf companion. The multi-wavelength optical photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), the 0.6-m PROMPT-8 telescope, and the 0.7-m Thai Robotic Telescope at Spring Brook Observatory, combined with archive H-alpha radial velocities from the Very Large Telescope (VLT) are analysed. From the data, the physical parameters of the system are obtained along with 430 new times of minima. The TESS light curves in 2018 and 2020 show out-of-eclipse variations, which might be caused by a large spot on the secondary component. The light travel time effect models due to the gravitational interaction of one or two circumbinary objects are adopted to fit the cyclic variations in the RR Cae’s O-C curve. The fitting solution of the O-C curve with one circumbinary object model shows a periodic variation with a period of 16.6 ± 0.2 yr and an amplitude of 14 ± 1 s, which can be caused by a planet with a minimum mass of 3.4 ± 0.2 MJup. When we consider the model with two circumbinary objects, the O-C curve shows cyclic variations with periods of 15.0 ± 0.5 yr and 39 ± 5 yr and amplitudes of 12 ± 1 s and 20 ± 5 s, respectively, corresponding to minimum masses of 3.0 ± 0.3 MJup and 2.7 ± 0.7 MJup Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Travel time

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Metal ratio and bimetal nanoarchitectonics of ammonia-based fluoride complex induced nickel hydroxide and manganese oxide composites as active materials of an energy storage device

引用

Journal of Energy Storage 2024年 80卷

作者： Hsu, Chuan-Chih Yu, You Zher Wu, Chung-Hsien Lee, Pin-Yan Chen, Hung-Ming Husain, Sadang Kongvarhodom, Chutima Hsiao, Yu-Cheng Lin, Lu-Yin Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Gingen Technology Co. LTD. Rm. 7 10F. No.189 Sec. 2 Keelung Rd. Xinyi Dist. Taipei11054 Taiwan Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarmasin70124 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 126 Pracha-u-thit Toong-kru Bangkok10140 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei11696 Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign Stanford University CA94305-5428 United States Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan

Nickel and manganese compounds are widely applied as efficient battery-type active materials for energy storage devices, due to high theoretical capacities and abundant redox states for generating redox reactions to store charges. Morphology plays significant roles on energy storage ability. Structure directing agent (SDA) is widely reported to have ability for modulating configurations of active materials and to achieve excellent surface properties. In this work, it is the first time to use NH4BF4 and NH4HF2 as structure directing agents for synthesizing nickel manganese compounds derived from ZIF67 as active materials of energy storage devices. Bimetallic compounds are composed of nickel hydroxide and manganese oxide, which presents the favorable two-dimensional flower-like structure with high surface area and abundant redox states. The largest specific capacitance (CF) of 1358.2 F/g corresponding to the capacity of 226.4 mAh/g are achieved for the bimetallic compound synthesized using the Ni to Mn precursor ratio of 1 to 1 (NiMn11). The energy storage device assembled using NiMn11 and reduced graphene oxide on Ni foams presents a maximum energy density of 11.45 Wh/kg at the power density of 0.35 kW/kg, and excellent long-term stability with the CF retention of 85.6% and Coulombic efficiency of 87.5% after 10,000 cycles. © 2023

关键词： Fluorine compounds

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Building a Culture of Equitable Access and Success for Marginalized Members in Today's Particle Physics Community

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Assamagan, Kétévi A. Bitter, Olivia M. Chen, Mu-Chun Choi, Ami Esquivel, Jessica Jepsen, Kathryn Lewis, Tiffany R. Muronga, Azwinndini Psihas, Fernanda Walkowicz, Lucianne Zhang, Yuanyuan Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL United States The University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Irvine United States California Institute of Technology United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory United States Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow United States Faculty of Science Nelson Mandela University Gqeberha South Africa The JustSpace Alliance Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX United States

Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) are not only called for to ensure morality and justice in our society, they also support ongoing and future excellence in particle physics. Over the past decade, the particle physics community has devised programs to support DEIA along multiple axes, and the way we think about measuring and implementing these initiatives has evolved. DEIA in physics is a broad topic, so in this paper we focus on the experiences of marginalized communities and outline ways different stakeholders can build a culture of equitable access for the success of marginalized individuals. Specifically, we identify urgent needs in the following areas: (1) We need to acquire a better understanding of the status quo, both quantitatively and qualitatively, to assess the effectiveness of existing programs and to develop best practices;(2) we need to develop effective and inclusive ways to engage marginalized communities;(3) we need to create infrastructure to better support members of marginalized communities, on an academic, financial and personal level;(4) we need to create an environment conducive to equitable access and success by establishing community expectations, fostering inclusion in social interactions, and holding individuals and institutions accountable;and (5) we need to establish a mechanism to monitor progress in the area of DEIA, including the implementation of the recommendations enumerated in this paper and others during the Snowmass 2021 process. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

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Comparison of endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus cerebrospinal fluid shunt procedures for the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus in Taiwan

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Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2024年第9期40卷 2883-2891页

作者： Shu-Mei Chen Li-Ying Chen Jiann-Her Lin Nicole Salazar Tu-Hsueh Yeh Wei-Lun Lo Tai-Ngar Lui Yi-Chen Hsieh Li-Nien Chien Department of Neurosurgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Surgery School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Health Data Analytics and Statistics Center Office of Data Science Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences North Carolina Central University Durham NC USA. Department of Neurology Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Neurology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Neurosurgery Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. The PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei Taiwan. ychsieh@tmu.edu.tw. Institute of Health and Welfare Policy College of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University No.155 Sec. 2 Linong St. Beitou District Taipei Taiwan. linien.chien@nycu.edu.tw. Graduate Institute of Data Science College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. linien.chien@nycu.edu.tw.

PURPOSE:Pediatric hydrocephalus is the most common cause of surgically treatable neurological disease in children. Controversies exist whether endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt placement is the most appropriate treatment for pediatric hydrocephalus. This study aimed to compare the risk of re-operation and death between the two procedures. METHODS:We performed a retrospective population-based cohort study and included patients younger than 20-years-old who underwent CSF shunt or ETV for hydrocephalus from the Taiwan national Health Insurance Research Database. RESULTS:A total of 3,555 pediatric patients from 2004 to 2017 were selected, including 2,340 (65.8%) patients that received CSF shunt placement and 1215 (34.2%) patients that underwent ETV. The incidence of all-cause death was 3.31 per 100 person-year for CSF shunt group and 2.52 per 100 person-year for ETV group, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.66-0.94, p = 0.009). The cumulative incidence competing risk for reoperation was 31.2% for the CSF shunt group and 26.4% for the ETV group, with an adjusted subdistribution HR of 0.82 (95% CI = 0.70-0.96, p = 0.015). Subgroup analysis showed that ETV was beneficial for hydrocephalus coexisting with brain or spinal tumor, central nervous system infection, and intracranial hemorrhage. CONCLUSION:Our data indicates ETV is a better operative procedure for pediatric hydrocephalus when advanced surgical techniques and instruments are available.

关键词： Cerebrospinal shunt Pediatric hydrocephalus Reoperation Third ventriculostomy

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An Ice Age JWST inventory of dense molecular cloud ices

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Nature Astronomy 2023年第4期7卷 431-443页

作者： McClure, M.K. Rocha, W.R.M. Pontoppidan, K.M. Crouzet, N. Chu, L.E.U. Dartois, E. Lamberts, T. Noble, J.A. Pendleton, Y.J. Perotti, G. Qasim, D. Rachid, M.G. Smith, Z.L. Sun, Fengwu Beck, Tracy L. Boogert, A.C.A. Brown, W.A. Caselli, P. Charnley, S.B. Cuppen, Herma M. Dickinson, H. Drozdovskaya, M.N. Egami, E. Erkal, J. Fraser, H. Garrod, R.T. Harsono, D. Ioppolo, S. Jiménez-Serra, I. Jin, M. Jørgensen, J.K. Kristensen, L.E. Lis, D.C. McCoustra, M.R.S. McGuire, Brett A. Melnick, G.J. Öberg, Karin I. Palumbo, M.E. Shimonishi, T. Sturm, J.A. van Dishoeck, E.F. Linnartz, H. Leiden Observatory Leiden University Leiden Netherlands Laboratory for Astrophysics Leiden Observatory Leiden University Leiden Netherlands Space Telescope Science Institute Baltimore MD United States NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA United States Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France Leiden Institute of Chemistry Gorlaeus Laboratories Leiden University Leiden Netherlands Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires CNRS Aix Marseille Université Marseille France Department of Physics University of Central Florida Orlando FL United States Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg Germany Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX United States School of Physical Sciences The Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom Steward Observatory University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Institute for Astronomy University of Hawai’i at Manoa Honolulu HI United States Department of Chemistry University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik Garching bei München Germany Solar System Exploration Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD United States Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials Nijmegen Netherlands Center for Space and Habitability Universität Bern Bern Switzerland Departments of Astronomy and Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States Institute of Astronomy Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Center for Interstellar Catalysis Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) CSIC-INTA Torrejón de Ardoz Spain Department of Physics Catholic University of America Washington DC United States Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA United States Institute of

Icy grain mantles are the main reservoir of the volatile elements that link chemical processes in dark, interstellar clouds with the formation of planets and the composition of their atmospheres. The initial ice composition is set in the cold, dense parts of molecular clouds, before the onset of star formation. With the exquisite sensitivity of the James Webb space Telescope, this critical stage of ice evolution is now accessible for detailed study. Here we show initial results of the Early Release science programme Ice Age that reveal the rich composition of these dense cloud ices. Weak ice features, including ¹³CO₂, OCN⁻, ¹³CO, OCS and complex organic molecule functional groups, are now detected along two pre-stellar lines of sight. The ¹²CO₂ ice profile indicates modest growth of the icy grains. Column densities of the major and minor ice species indicate that ices contribute between 2% and 19% of the bulk budgets of the key C, O, N and S elements. Our results suggest that the formation of simple and complex molecules could begin early in a water-ice-rich environment. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

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引用

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association 2024年第2期123卷 159-178页

作者： Lee, Pei-Lin Wu, Yen-Wen Cheng, Hao-Min Wang, Cheng-Yi Chuang, Li-Pang Lin, Chou-Han Hang, Liang-Wen Yu, Chih-Chieh Hung, Chung-Lieh Liu, Ching-Lung Chou, Kun-Ta Su, Mao-Chang Cheng, Kai-Hung Huang, Chun-Yao Hou, Charles Jia-Yin Chiu, Kuo-Liang Center of Sleep Disorder National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Division of Cardiology Cardiovascular Medical Center Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan Division of Faculty Development Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan PhD Program of Interdisciplinary Medicine (PIM) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine Taipei Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Cardinal Tien Hospital and School of Medicine College of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Sleep Center Department of Thoracic Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan School of Medicine Chang Gung University Tauyan Taiwan Division of Respirology Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan School of Nursing & Graduate Institute of Nursing China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Sleep Medicine Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Cardiovascular Center MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences Mackay Medical College Taipei Taiwan Division of Chest Departments of Internal Medicine MacKay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan Division of Clinical Respiratory Physiology Department of Chest Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Sleep Center Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Respiratory Care Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Chiayi Taiwan Kao-Ho Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine E-Da Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Cardio

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is highly prevalent and may be linked to cardiovascular disease in a bidirectional manner. The Taiwan Society of Cardiology, Taiwan Society of Sleep Medicine and Taiwan Society of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine established a task force of experts to evaluate the evidence regarding the assessment and management of SDB in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The GRADE process was used to assess the evidence associated with 15 formulated questions. The task force developed recommendations and determined strength (Strong, Weak) and direction (For, Against) based on the quality of evidence, balance of benefits and harms, patient values and preferences, and resource use. The resulting 11 recommendations are intended to guide clinicians in determining which the specific patient-care strategy should be utilized by clinicians based on the needs of individual patients. © 2023 Formosan Medical Association

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Continuous positive airway pressure Heart failure Hypertension Sleep disordered breathing

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