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Bulk Superconductivity in Pressurized Trilayer Nickelate Pr4Ni3O10 Single Crystals

Physical Review X 2025年第2期15卷 021008-021008页

作者： Enkang Zhang Di Peng Yinghao Zhu Lixing Chen Bingkun Cui Xingya Wang Wenbin Wang Qiaoshi Zeng Jun Zhao State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Material Frontiers Research in Extreme Environments (MFree) Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences (SHARPS) Shanghai 201203 China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204 China Institute of Nanoelectronics and Quantum Computing Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Shanghai 201203 China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China

The discovery of superconductivity in pressurized bilayer and trilayer nickelates has generated significant interest. However, their superconducting properties are often dependent on sample quality and pressure conditions, complicating the interpretation of the underlying physics. Finding new systems with optimized bulk superconducting properties is therefore important for advancing our understanding of these materials. Unlike cuprates, where trilayer compounds typically exhibit the highest transition temperature (Tc), the bilayer nickelate La3Ni2O7 has thus far outperformed the trilayer La4Ni3O10 in reported Tc. Whether the trilayer nickelates have achieved the optimal Tc remains unclear, with various scenarios suggesting different possibilities. Here, we report the discovery of bulk superconductivity in pressurized Pr4Ni3O10 single crystals, achieving a maximum onset Tc of 40.5 K at 80.1 GPa, significantly exceeding the 30 K observed in La4Ni3O10. The bulk nature of superconductivity is confirmed by zero resistance and a strong diamagnetic response below Tc, with a superconducting volume fraction exceeding 80%. These findings establish trilayer nickelates as genuine bulk high-temperature superconductors, provide new insights into the mechanisms driving superconductivity, and point to a promising route toward further enhancing superconducting properties in nickelates.

关键词： Single crystals

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MDH-NAS: Accelerating EEG Signal Classification with Mixed-Level Differentiable and Hardware-Aware Neural Architecture Search

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Zhu, Lixian Wang, Su Jin, Xiaokun Zheng, Kai Zhang, Jian Sun, Shuting Tian, Fuze Cai, Ran Hu, Bin Key Laboratory of Brain Health Intelligent Evaluation and Intervention Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Medical Technology Beijing100081 China Lanzhou University School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou730000 China Lanzhou University Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou China Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Shanghai China Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Cognitive Neurosensor Technology of Lanzhou University Institute of Semiconductors Lanzhou China

In non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), EEG analysis plays a critical role, with neural networks serving as a cornerstone for signal decoding. Existing neural network approaches for EEG signal recognition require extensive manual design and hyperparameter tuning, leading to inefficiencies and making them impractical for embedded devices due to their large model size. To address these limitations, we propose Mixed-Level Differentiable and Hardware-Aware Neural Architecture Search (MDH-NAS), a framework that automatically generates lightweight neural networks tailored for EEG classification. Unlike traditional DARTS methods, MDH-NAS employs a hybrid optimization strategy that balances global and local search spaces, thereby accelerating and refining architecture discovery. It introduces explicit size constraints during the search process to ensure deployability on embedded devices. MDH-NAS demonstrates autonomous generation of architectures for tasks such as motor imagery (MI) and depression recognition, achieving 87.80% accuracy on the BCI-IV dataset and 90.09% on the MODMA dataset. When deployed on the EAIDK-610 board across heterogeneous tasks, it attains 85.37% accuracy on the EEG Motor Movement/Imagery dataset. This method reduces architecture discovery time by 89% and enhances prediction accuracy by 8.70% compared to baseline methods, highlighting its potential for scalable EEG analysis and real-world embedded deployment. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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The First Hardware Demonstration of a Universal Programmable RRAM-based Probabilistic Computer for Molecular Docking

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： He, Yihan Hong, Ming-Chun Ding, Qiming Lin, Chih-Sheng Lai, Chih-Ming Fang, Chao Gong, Xiao Hou, Tuo-Hung Liang, Gengchiau Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117583 Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Electronics National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies Peking University Beijing100871 China Industry Academia Innovation School National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Molecular docking is a critical computational strategy in drug design and discovery, but the complex diversity of biomolecular structures and flexible binding conformations create an enormous search space that challenges conventional computing methods. Although quantum computing holds promise for these challenges, it remains constrained by scalability, hardware limitations, and precision issues. Here, we report a prototype of a probabilistic computer (p-computer) that efficiently and accurately solves complex molecular docking for the first time, overcoming previously encountered challenges. At the core of the system is a p-computing chip based upon our artificial tunable probabilistic bits (p-bits), which are compatible with computing-in-memory schemes, based upon 180 nm CMOS technology and BEOL HfO2 RRAM. We successfully demonstrated the superior performance of the p-computer in practical ligand-protein docking scenarios. A 42-node molecular docking problem of lipoprotein with LolA-LolCDE complex—a key point in developing antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria, was successfully solved. Our results align well with the Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler tool. This work marks the first application of p-computing in molecular docking-based computational biology, which has great potential to overcome the limitations in success rate and efficiency of current technologies in addressing complex bioinformatics problems. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Molecular docking

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Emergency Vehicle Navigation in Connected Autonomous systems Using Enhanced Traffic Management System

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Raja, Gunasekaran Anbalagan, Sudha Gurumoorthy, Sugeerthi Jegathesan, Darshini Girivel, Niveditha Subramanian Sundaram, Varsha Mani Shanmuga Khowaja, Sunder Ali Dev, Kapal Anna University NGNLab Department of Computer Technology MIT Campus Chennai600044 India Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Centre for Smart Grid Technologies School of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600127 India Citicorp Services Private Ltd Software Development Chennai600113 India Dublin City University School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Computing Glasnevin Campus DublinD09 V209 Ireland Munster Technological University Department of Computer Science Bishopstown CorkT12 P928 Ireland University of Johannesburg Department of Institute of Intelligent Systems Johannesburg2006 South Africa Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Centre for Research Impact Outcome Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura140401 India

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) usage has become predominant in the rapidly evolving landscape of urban transportation. Integrating AVs and non-AVs in the existing traffic infrastructure has significantly increased the complexity of traffic patterns. This research work primes the enhanced Traffic Management System (e-TMS), a solution implemented to expedite Emergency Vehicle (EV) travel in the context of Connected AVs (CAVs) and ensured secured communication employing Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) among the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) framework. When an EV is detected, the IoV system verifies the EV's signal using PKI, ensuring its authenticity and integrity by encrypting the communication between the EV and Road Side Units (RSUs). Further, the e-TMS activates the platooning process where CAVs in the EV's lane shift to the adjacent lanes and dynamically form platoons to create a dedicated lane for the EV. To further optimize the platooning process, an Adaptive Smart Leader Selection (ASLS) algorithm is employed to select a leader vehicle spontaneously among the AVs based on the proximity to the EV, communication reliability, and lane position. Radio Detection and Ranging devices aid this platooning process by providing distance and target velocity, which are needed to maintain the required distance between the AVs and ensure safe platoon formation. The e-TMS enhances EV response times and overall traffic flow efficiency and resulted in 27.8% increase in mean speed compared to the traditional methods. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Emergency vehicles

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Resilient Formation Control Based on Watermarks for Networked Quadrotors under Deception Attacks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年

作者： Zhan, Weiwei Miao, Zhiqiang Zeng, Jianxin Chen, Yanjie Wu, Zheng-Guang He, Wei Wang, Yaonan Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha410082 China Fuzhou University School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou350108 China National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Changsha410082 China Zhejiang University Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Hangzhou310027 China University of Science and Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Bionic Unmanned Systems Ministry of Education School of Intelligence Science and Technology Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100083 China

This article addresses the problem of formation control of networked UAVs under deception attacks. A lightweight resilient formation control framework based on watermarks is proposed to achieve the desired formation configuration without extra monitoring attack status. Since deception attacks are covert, the shared information is watermarked before transmission to establish the protocol among networked UAVs. To facilitate the resilient formation controller design, a decoder is first developed to decipher the inverse transformation of deception attacks, where the watermark is the criterion for approximating the inverse transformation. The Gauss error function is introduced to eliminate some unrealistic input commands under deception attacks, obtaining the predefined input performance. Then, a resilient formation controller is developed to guarantee the global boundedness of all signals within the inner-loop and outerloop system, while the formation error converges to a small neighborhood of zero by solving the linear matrix inequality. Two challenging deception attack examples in simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed resilient formation control framework. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Inverse transforms

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Fault tolerance against amplitude-damping noise using Bacon-Shor codes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： My, Long D.H. Jayashankar, Akshaya Mandayam, Prabha Ng, Hui Khoon Yale-NUS College Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore Centre for Quantum Engineering Research and Education TCG CREST Sector V Salt Lake Kolkata700091 India Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India Center for Quantum Information Computing and Communication Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India

Designing efficient fault tolerance schemes is crucial for building useful quantum computers. Most standard schemes assume no knowledge of the underlying device noise and rely on general-purpose quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes capable of handling arbitrary errors. Biased-noise alternatives focus on only correcting a subset of some generic error basis (e.g., Pauli error basis), and lower resource needs by channeling the redundancy to dealing only with that subset. Yet, the most resource-efficient codes are expected to be those that directly target the specific noise process that afflicts the quantum device, rather than using a generic error-basis description. However, the question of whether such noise-adapted QEC protocols are amenable to fault-tolerant implementations remains largely unexplored. Here, we design a fault tolerance scheme based on the Bacon-Shor codes which can protect against amplitude-damping noise in the device. We construct a universal set of logical gadgets tolerant to multiple damping errors and estimate the fault tolerance threshold of our scheme. Our work thus establishes the possibility of achieving fault tolerance against amplitude-damping noise using noise-adapted quantum codes, while highlighting some of the unique challenges that arise in this context. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Damping

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Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Quinones by In-Source Microdroplet Derivatization Coupled with Mass Spectrometry

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Analytical Chemistry 2025年 2025 May 2页

作者： Feng, Lulu Tan, Siyuan Cheng, Simin Feng, Hongru Xie, Zehu Fang, Xiang Gong, Xiaoyun Pan, Yuanjiang Dai, Xinhua Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation Center for Advanced Measurement Science National Institute of Metrology Beijing 100029 China Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou 310027 China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai 201210 China

Quinones are highly reactive oxidants that pose risks of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to the human body. Sensitive analysis of quinone pollutants by mass spectrometry remains challenging due to the very limited ionization efficiency of quinones and the long pretreatment time. Here, we developed a rapid and highly sensitive in-source microdroplet derivatization strategy for the determination of quinones in complex matrices. Triphenylphosphine was used as a novel “tag” to react with quinone for online derivatization of quinones via the microdroplet-driving conjugate addition reaction. The formation of phosphonium ions significantly increased the ionization efficiency of the quinones. The sensitivity was improved by 2-3 orders of magnitude as compared with other online derivatization methods. Optimization results showed that the nebulization gas pressure, capillary temperature, sample solvent concentration, and reagent concentration played important roles in the derivatization and ionization of the quinones. The developed method featured good linearity (R² ≥ 0.996), high sensitivity (LODs at the nmol/L level), and qualified precision (RSDs ≤ 7.3%) for four typical quinones. The method was successfully applied to the determination of quinones in complex matrices including human serum and urine. Taking into consideration the fact that many derivatization procedures are completed in bulk solutions, the proposed in-source microdroplet derivatization method offers us an effective way for fast screening of derivatization reagents. The present work expands the utility of microdroplet chemistry as well as chemical derivatization in the analysis of trace compounds, which might have potential applications in the fields of environmental sciences and clinic analysis. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Addition reactions

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HPP controller: A system controller dedicated for message passing

HPP controller: A system controller dedicated for message pa...

引用

11th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed computing, Applications and Technologies, PDCAT 2010

作者： Wang, Kai Chen, Fei Cao, Zheng An, Xuejun Sun, Ninghui National Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542874

The traditional system controller in symmetric multi-processors (SMP) controls the memory, so it is suitable for the shared memory programming model. With the emergence of the processors which integrate memory controllers, the system controller seems less important than before. However, since the system controller resides in the center of a computer system, it acts as an artery which directly connects to the processors and the high-speed IO devices. Thus making full use of its position advantage can no doubt gain performance enhancement. By now, the message passing programming model has dominated the high performance computing (HPC) field, however the system controller makes little contribution to it. Thus, a system controller called HPP controller which is dedicated for the message passing programming model is presented in this paper. The HPP controller is connected to several processors simultaneously, and the communication between these processors uses the message passing programming model. The HPP controller has powerful DMA engines embedded which can provide flexible and sufficient message passing capability. Two key techniques: supporting arbitrary byte alignment and virtualizing the DMA engine are introduced in detail. The preliminary result of the FPGA prototype shows that the HPP controller has ultra low hardware latency and relatively high bandwidth. Besides, the NPB result shows that it can provide high efficiency for the message passing programming model. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Message passing

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Adding an expressway to accelerate the neighborhood communication

Adding an expressway to accelerate the neighborhood communic...

引用

IEEE International Conference on High Performance computing and Communication

作者： Wang, Kai Chen, Fei Cao, Zheng An, Xuejun Sun, Ninghui National Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542140

The blade system is very popular in high performance computing. In a blade system, the blade is a fundamental element in which are symmetric multi-processors (SMP). About ten blades constitute a blade box, several blade boxes constitute a cabinet and some cabinets constitute a blade system at last. The blades in a blade box are neighbors because they have relatively short distance. Programmers always try to place the tightly related processes into the same blade box. However, there's seldom any optimization made by hardware to accelerate the communication in a blade box. Thus, a single chip design called hyper-node controller is presented to provide ultra low latency and high bandwidth which resembles an expressway between neighbors. All the nodes in a blade box can act as a single hyper node by using the hyper-node controller. It is apparent that the additional controller is a useful supplement to efficiently enhance the communication in a blade box and finally enhance the entire blade system. A FPGA prototype of the hyper-node controller has been implemented and it can connect five blades simultaneously. In the preliminary performance evaluation, the latency for an 8-byte payload between two blades is less than 1us;1.33GB/s which is nearly 94% of the peak effective bandwidth can be obtained by transferring messages with a payload of only 256 bytes. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Controllers

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HR-NET: A highly reliable message-passing mechanism for cluster file system

HR-NET: A highly reliable message-passing mechanism for clus...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage

作者： Zhou, Jiang Ma, Can Xiong, Jin Meng, Dan National Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Research Center for Intelligent Computing Systems Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545097

As PC clusters increase in popularity and quantity, message-passing between nodes has been an important issue for high failure rate in the network. File access in a cluster file system often contains several sub-operations;each includes one or more network transmissions. Any network failures will cause the file system service unavailable. In this paper, we describe a highly reliable message-passing mechanism (HR-NET), which tolerates both software and hardware network failures. HR-NET provides fine-grained, connection-level failover across communication path redundancy. With it the file system can keep passing messages until it either recovers from network failures or it is failed over to a backup. Load balance for messages is also achieved to relieve network traffic. For transmission timeout, HR-NET proposes the message priority scheduling which dynamically manages messages in an appropriate order to tolerate request-response failures between clients and servers. As HR-NET is completely independent, there are neither any changes to standard protocol stacks nor modifications at upper file system. Performance results show that HR-NET takes full advantage of network bandwidth with average 6.17% throughput loss and provides a fast recovery. Experiments with cluster file system dispose that the overall performance degradation is below 8% due to failover of HR-NET while the reliability is highly enhanced. © 2011 Crown.

关键词： Message passing

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