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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Jiahao Yang, Liutao Wang, Fanwen Nan, Yang Wu, Weiwen Wang, Chengyan Shi, Kuangyu Aviles-Rivero, Angelica I. Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane Zhang, Daoqiang Yang, Guang Department of Bioengineering and Imperial-X Imperial College London London United Kingdom National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London United Kingdom Cardiovascular Research Centre Royal Brompton Hospital London United Kingdom College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong China Human Phenome Institute Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Nuclear Medicine Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom

Deep learning has been extensively applied in medical image reconstruction, where Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers (ViTs) represent the predominant paradigms, each possessing distinct advantages and inherent limitations: CNNs exhibit linear complexity with local sensitivity, whereas ViTs demonstrate quadratic complexity with global sensitivity. The emerging Mamba has shown superiority in learning visual representation, which combines the advantages of linear scalability and global sensitivity. In this study, we introduce MambaMIR, an Arbitrary-Masked Mamba-based model with wavelet decomposition for joint medical image reconstruction and uncertainty estimation. A novel Arbitrary Scan Masking (ASM) mechanism "masks out" redundant information to introduce randomness for further uncertainty estimation. Compared to the commonly used Monte Carlo (MC) dropout, our proposed MC-ASM provides an uncertainty map without the need for hyperparameter tuning and mitigates the performance drop typically observed when applying dropout to low-level tasks. For further texture preservation and better perceptual quality, we employ the wavelet transformation into MambaMIR and explore its variant based on the Generative Adversarial Network, namely MambaMIR-GAN. Comprehensive experiments have been conducted for multiple representative medical image reconstruction tasks, demonstrating that the proposed MambaMIR and MambaMIR-GAN outperform other baseline and state-of-the-art methods in different reconstruction tasks, where MambaMIR achieves the best reconstruction fidelity and MambaMIR-GAN has the best perceptual quality. In addition, our MC-ASM provides uncertainty maps as an additional tool for clinicians, while mitigating the typical performance drop caused by the commonly used dropout. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Accessing the syndemic of COVID-19 and malaria in tervention in Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 14-25页

作者： Benyun Shi Jinxin Zheng Shang Xia Shan Lin Xinyi Wang Yang Liu Xiao-Nong Zhou Jiming Liu School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211800JiangsuChina National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghai 200025China Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology Ministry of HealthShanghai 200025China Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai 200025China WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases Shanghai 200025China National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200025China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China College of Information Engineering Nanjing University of Finance EconomicsNanjing 210003JiangsuChina Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina.

Background:The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has caused substantial disruptions to health services in the low and middle-income countries with a high burden of other diseases,such as malaria in sub-Saharan *** aim of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on malaria transmission potential in malaria-endemic countries in ***:We present a data-driven method to quantify the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic,as well as various non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPIs),could lead to the change of malaria transmission potential in ***,we adopt a particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to estimate epidemiological parameters in each country by fitting the time series of the cumulative number of reported COVID-19 ***,we simulate the epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 under two groups of NPIs:(1)contact restriction and social distanci ng,and(2)early ide ratification and isolation of *** on the simulated epidemic curves,we quantify the impact of COVID-19 epidemic and NPIs on the distribution of insecticide-treated nets(ITNs).Finally,by treating the total number of ITNs available in each country in 2020,we evaluate the negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic on malaria transmission potential based on the notion of vectorial ***:We con duct case studies in four malaria-endemic coun tries,Ethiopia,Nigeria,Tanza nia,and Zambia,in *** epidemiological parameters(i.e.;the basic reproduction number R°and the duration of infection D1)of COVID-19 in each country are estimated as follows:Ethiopia(Rq=1.57,D1=5.32),Nigeria(Ro=2.18,D1=6.58),Tanzania(Ro=2.47,D1=6.01),and Zambia(R0=2.12,D1=6.96).Based on the estimated epidemiological parameters,the epidemic curves simulated under various NPIs indicated that the earlier the interventions are implemented,the better the epidemic is ***,the effect of combined NPIs is better than contact restriction and social di st a ncing *** treating

关键词： COVID-19 pandemic Non-pharmaceutical interventions Particle Markov chain Monte Carlo Insecticidetreated nets Vectorial capacity Malaria transmission potential

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Possible wormholes in f(R) gravity sourced by solitonic quantum wave and cold dark matter halos and their repulsive gravity effect

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Errehymy, Abdelghani Khedif, Youssef Donmez, Orhan Daoud, Mohammed Myrzakulov, Kairat Bekov, Sabit Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Private Bag X54001 Durban4000 South Africa Laboratory of High Energy and Condensed Matter Physics Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock University Hassan II P.O. Box 5366 Maarif Casablanca20100 Morocco College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle East Egaila54200 Kuwait Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Ibn Tofail University P.O. Box 133 Kenitra14000 Morocco Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Miramare Trieste34151 Italy Department of General and Theoretical Physics L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Astana010008 Kazakhstan Kozybayev University Petropavlovsk150000 Kazakhstan

In this paper, we present new generalized wormhole (WH) solutions within the context of f(R) gravity. Specifically, we focus on f(R) gravitational theories formulated in the metric formalism, with our investigation centered on a power-law form represented by f(R) = ϵRχ. Here, ϵ is an arbitrary constant, and χ is a real number. Notably, this form possesses the advantageous property of reducing to Einstein gravity when ϵ = 1 and χ = 1. To obtain these novel WH solutions, we establish the general field equations for any f(R) theory within the framework of Morris-Thorne spacetime, assuming metric coefficients that are independent of time. By utilizing an anisotropic matter source and a specific type of energy density associated with solitonic quantum wave (SQW) and cold dark matter (CDM) halos, we calculate two distinct WH solutions. We thoroughly investigate the properties of the exotic matter (ExoM) residing within the WH geometry and analyze the matter contents through energy conditions (ECs). Both analytical and graphical methods are employed in this analysis to examine the validity of different regions. Notably, the calculated shape functions for the WH geometry satisfy the necessary conditions in both scenarios, emphasizing their reliability. Our investigations into specific parameter ranges in both scenarios revealed the presence of ExoM. This ExoM is characterized by an energy-momentum tensor that violates the null energy condition (NEC) and, consequently, the weak energy condition as well, in the vicinity of the WH throats. Furthermore, we investigated the repulsive effect of gravity and discovered that its presence results in a negative deflection angle for photons following null geodesics. Importantly, we observed that the deflection angle consistently exhibits negative values across all r0 values in both scenarios, indicating the manifestation of the repulsive gravity effect. Finally, we compare the obtained WH solutions utilizing both distributions, as well

关键词： Solitons

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Age of information based URLLC-enabled UAV wireless communications system

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Wijerathna Basnayaka, Chathuranga M. Jayakody, Dushantha Nalin K. Chang, Zheng Centre for Telecommunication Research School of Engineering Sri Lanka Technological Campus Ingiriya Road Padukka 10500 Sri Lanka School of Computer Science and Robotics National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk634050 Russia Department of Mathematical Information Technology University of Jyväskylä P.O.Box 35 JyväskyläFIN-40014 Finland

This paper considers an unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) communication network, where UAV operate as an aerial mobile relay between a source and a destination of the network. To capture the "timeliness" of the received information at the destination node, a new performance metric named age of information (AoI) is considered. In addition, a short packet communication scheme maintains low latency in the proposed UAV wireless communication system. The finite block-length theory investigates the performances of short packet communications scheme in the UAV-assisted wireless communications system. In this paper, the Average Age of Information (AAoI) is estimated by applying the Stochastic Hybrid Systems (SHS) model. The SHS model comprises discrete states represents events that reset the AoI process and continuously dynamics that represent linearly growing age processes. Finally, a closed-form expression for the AAoI of the proposed UAV wireless communication system is derived and it can be used to estimate the optimal altitude, block length and other parameters. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Antennas

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引用

International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies 2020年第3期14卷 218-233页

作者： Adhikari, Abhijit Dutta, Biswanath Dutta, Animesh Mondal, Deepjyoti School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology-AP Amaravati Andhra Pradesh522237 India Documentation Research and Training Centre Indian Statistical Institute Bangalore Karnataka560059 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Durgapur West Bengal713209 India Mumbai Maharashtra400069 India

Ontology dependent Semantic Similarity (SS) measurement has emerged as a new research paradigm in finding the semantic strength between any two entities. In this regard, as observed, the information theoretic intrinsic approach yields better accuracy in correlation with human cognition. The precision of such a technique highly depends on how accurately we calculate Information Content (IC) of concepts and its compatibility with a SS model. In this work, we develop an intrinsic IC model to facilitate better SS measurement. The proposed model has been evaluated using three vocabularies, namely SNOMED CT, MeSH and WordNet against a set of benchmark data sets. We compare the results with the state-of-the-art IC models. The results show that the proposed intrinsic IC model yields a high correlation with human assessment. The article also evaluates the compatibility of the proposed IC model and the other existing IC models in combination with a set of state-of-the-art SS models. Copyright © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Ontology

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DeepMoCap: Deep optical motion capture using multiple depth sensors and retro-reflectors

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Chatzitofis, Anargyros Zarpalas, Dimitrios Kollias, Stefanos Daras, Petros Centre for Research and Technology Hellas Information Technologies Institute 6th km Charilaou-Thermi Thermi Thessaloniki57001 Greece National Technical University of Athens School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Zografou Campus Iroon Polytechniou 9 Athens Zografou15780 Greece University of Lincoln School of Computer Science BrayfordLN67TS United Kingdom

In this paper, a marker-based, single-person optical motion capture method (DeepMoCap) is proposed using multiple spatio-temporally aligned infrared-depth sensors and retro-reflective straps and patches (reflectors). DeepMoCap explores motion capture by automatically localizing and labeling reflectors on depth images and, subsequently, on 3D space. Introducing a non-parametric representation to encode the temporal correlation among pairs of colorized depthmaps and 3D optical flow frames, a multi-stage Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) architecture is proposed to jointly learn reflector locations and their temporal dependency among sequential frames. The extracted reflector 2D locations are spatially mapped in 3D space, resulting in robust 3D optical data extraction. The subject's motion is efficiently captured by applying a template-based fitting technique on the extracted optical data. Two datasets have been created and made publicly available for evaluation purposes;one comprising multi-view depth and 3D optical flow annotated images (DMC2.5D), and a second, consisting of spatio-temporally aligned multi-view depth images along with skeleton, inertial and ground truth MoCap data (DMC3D). The FCN model outperforms its competitors on the DMC2.5D dataset using 2D Percentage of Correct Keypoints (PCK) metric, while the motion capture outcome is evaluated against RGB-D and inertial data fusion approaches on DMC3D, outperforming the next best method by 4.5% in total 3D PCK accuracy. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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Physical Publicly Verifiable Randomness from Pulsars

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Dawson, Joanne R. Hobbs, George Gao, Yansong Camtepe, Seyit Pieprzyk, Josef Feng, Yi Tranfa, Luke Bradbury, Sarah Zhu, Weiwei Li, Di CSIRO Space and Astronomy Australia Telescope National Facility PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Department of Physics and Astronomy MQ Research Centre in Astronomy Astrophysics and Astrophotonics Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China CSIRO Data61 PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia Institute of Computer Science Polish Academy of Sciences Poland National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China BrisbaneQLD4001 Australia NAOC-UKZN Computational Astrophysics Centre University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban4000 South Africa

We demonstrate how radio pulsars can be used as random number generators. Specifically, we focus on publicly verifiable randomness (PVR), in which the same sequence of trusted and verifiable random numbers is obtained by multiple parties. PVR is a critical building block for many processes and algorithms (including cryptography, scientific trials, electoral audits and international treaties). However, current approaches (based on number theory) may soon become vulnerable to quantum computers, motivating a growing demand for PVR based on natural physical phenomena. In this context, we explore pulsars as a potential physical PVR source. We first show that bit sequences extracted from the measured flux densities of a bright millisecond pulsar can pass standardised tests for randomness. We then quantify three illustrative methods of bit-extraction from pulsar flux density sequences, using simultaneous observations of a second pulsar carried out with the Parkes telescope in Australia and the Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) in China, supported by numerical simulations. We demonstrate that the same bit sequence can indeed be obtained at both observatories, but the ubiquitous presence of radiometer noise needs to be accounted for when determining the expected bit error rate between two independent sequences. We discuss our results in the context of an imaginary use-case in which two mutually distrusting parties wish to obtain the same random bit sequence, exploring potential methods to mitigate against a malicious participant. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Random processes

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A New Age Carbon Electrode for Up-Scaling Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Passatorntaschakorn, Woraprom Khampa, Warunee Musikpan, Wongsathon Bhoomanee, Chawalit Rodwihok, Chatchai Kim, Han S. Khambunkoed, Nutcha Dadon, David Goubard, Fabrice Ngamjarurojana, Athipong Rimjaem, Sakhorn Gardchareon, Atcharawon Ruankham, Pipat Wongratanaphisan, Duangmanee Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand Civil and Environmental Engineering Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu Seoul05029 Korea Republic of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Nuclear Research Centre Negev P.O. Box 9001 Beer Sheva8419000 Israel CY Cergy Paris Université LPPI CergyF-95000 France Research Center for Quantum Technology Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand

Carbon-based flexible perovskite solar cells (C-FPSCs) have high power-per-weight and great attention in various niche products. However, C-FPSCs have relatively lower in device efficiency when compared with the carbon-based rigid perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs). Herein, a new age carbon electrode (C-new) was successfully prepared using a modified ethanol solvent interlacing process with rGO-PEG composites solution, mixed in Thai coffee ground-CQDs solution (rCP). This process grafts the rCP composites onto the C-new films, enhancing the film’s conductivity and density. C-new films are suitable to be top electrodes in C-FPSCs due to their lower sheet resistance, and suitable energy band arrangement that can improve the charge transfer and the HTL/carbon interface. In addition, the improved adhesion of the HTL/carbon was due to more density, excellent flexibility, suitable thickness, and great self-adhesion in the C-new films. Significant PCEs of 12.19% and 8.55% were achieved for small-area (0.04 cm2) and large-area (1 cm2) based C-new FPSCs devices, respectively. Furthermore, the devices retained superior long-term stability (>80%) of their certain PCE for 1000 hours in air environment without encapsulation. The introduction of this rCP agent to C-FPSCs offers an effective and economical method to the up-scaling and development of C-FPSCs for future eco-commercialization. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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ARUSH:Automated Runtime Universal Scanner for Hybrid Cloud computing

ARUSH:Automated Runtime Universal Scanner for Hybrid Cloud c...

引用

IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： Jatin Luthra Arjun Choudhary Abhishek Sharma Dushantha Nalin K. Jayakody The LNM Institute of Information Technology Jaipur India Centre for Cyber Security Sardar Patel University of Police Security and Criminal Justice Jodhpur India Centre for Telecommunication Research School of Engineering Sri Lanka Technological Campus Padukka Sri Lanka School of Computer Science and Robotics National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russia Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal Autonoma TechLab Lisboa Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423915

With the shift of leading companies to the cloud, so comes the risk of data leaks and breaches because of many possible misconfigurations in the setup of various cloud computing environments. Though many solutions have come up, each is platform-specific, and none of them targets multiple or hybrid cloud platforms all together. This work proposes one such solution where three major public cloud platforms are supported, and the main focus is on the storage services provided by them. Since there is no such open-source solution that supports multiple cloud platforms, the program in this work is supposed to provide such a solution. Each cloud platform provides native SDK libraries for issuing API calls to the platform. These API calls aim to query the currently employed configuration for the storage services at the very least if not change. The solution can combine all the libraries into a single driver program. The program can facilitate security management of storage accounts across multiple as well hybrid cloud services and opens possibilities for automation and routine security and audit checks.

关键词： Cloud computing Runtime Automation Security management Conferences Cloud computing security Companies

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Performance of NEMA characteristics of Modular J-PET

Performance of NEMA characteristics of Modular J-PET

引用

IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： F. Tayefi Ardebili S. Niedźwiecki J. Baran E. Beyene D. Borys K. Brzezinski N. Chug A. Coussat C. Curceanu E. Czerwinski M. Dadgar K. Dulski K. Eliyan J. Gajewski A. Gajos B. Hiesmayr A. Jedruszczak K. Kacprzak M. Kajetanowicz T. Kaplanoglu L. Kapłon K. Klimaszewski G. Korcyl T. Kozik W. Krzemien D. Kumar G. Lapkiewicz W. Migdal S. Moyo W. Mryka S. Parzych E. Pérez del Río L. Raczyński S. Sharma S. Shivani R. Shopa M. Skurzok P. Tanty K. Tayefi Ardebili W. Wislicki E. Stępień P. Moskal Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Center for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Total-Body Jagiellonian-PET Laboratory Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Systems Biology and Engineering Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Frascati Italy Department of Electronics and Information Systems Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Complex Systems National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Swierk Poland Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN IFJPAN Krakow Poland

The Modular J-PET scanner, developed by the J-PET collaboration, is a new prototype PET scanner developed based on axially arranged plastic scintillators as a large axial field of view (50cm) affordable tomograph. In this study, the performance characteristics of the scanner were evaluated according to NEMA NU2-2018 standards using Monte Carlo simulation. In order to ensure the selection of true coincidence events, certain criteria were established. Specifically, each photon emitting from a single annihilation must deposit at least 200 keV within 4 ns of a coincidence time window. The preliminary results showed that the sensitivity profile peak was 4 cps/kBq at the center of the detector, While the scatter fraction was estimated to be 39% using the single slice rebinning algorithm. Spatial resolution was estimated around 4.5 mm in the radial and tangential direction and 18 mm in the axial direction.

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