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Physical Review Research 2022年第4期4卷 043153-043153页

作者： Yu-Hsueh Chen Ke Hsu Wei-Lin Tu Hyun-Yong Lee Ying-Jer Kao Center for Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10607 Taiwan Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Department of Applied Physics Graduate School Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Interdisciplinary Program in E·ICT-Culture-Sports Convergence Korea University Sejong 30019 Korea Center for Quantum Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 10607 Taiwan National Center for High-Performance Computing Hsinchu City 30076 Taiwan

We propose a simple and generic construction of the variational tensor network operators to study the quantum spin systems by the synergy of ideas from the imaginary-time evolution and the variational optimization of trial wave functions. By applying these operators to simple initial states, accurate variational ground-state wave functions with extremely few parameters can be obtained. Furthermore, the framework can be applied to spontaneously study symmetry-breaking, symmetry-protected topological, and intrinsic topologically ordered phases, and we show that symmetries of the local tensors associated with these phases can emerge directly after the optimization without any gauge fixing. This provides a universal way to identify quantum phase transitions without prior knowledge of the system.

关键词： Magnetism Topological order Quantum many-body systems Tensor network methods

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2-Mercaptoimidazole selectively etching and thiol-functionalized ZIF-8 metal–organic framework to serve as a multifaceted platform for radical scavenging and Au loading

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Materials Today Chemistry 2023年 27卷

作者： Chen, Y.-L. Lee, G.-Y. Tang, D.-W. Huang, K. Lo, P.-Y. Huang, J.-H. Cho, e.-C. Lee, K.-C. Department of Science Education National Taipei University of Education No.134 Sec. 2 Heping E. Rd. Da-an District Taipei City106 Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City110 Taiwan Department of Green Material Technology Green Technology Research Institute CPC Corporation Kaohsiung81126 Taiwan TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei110 Taiwan Cancer Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University 110 Taiwan PhD Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei City110 Taiwan

Zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIF-8) are a group of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) that harbor application potential due to their unique high porosity and other physicochemical properties. However, the small cavities, unstable dispersion, and the lack of surface functional groups hinder the practical application of ZIF-8. In this study, we aimed to develop a ZIF-8-based multifaceted platform with hollow structure and abundant functional groups via a simple one-pot method. We synthesized the ZIF-8 with thiol functionalization (ZSH), while 2-mercaptoimidazole was served as both etching agent and functional counterpart. The hollow morphology and the thiol-groups modification were validated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy with energy-disperse X-ray mapping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The interparticle structure was estimated by Brunauer–emmmett–Teller and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. The hollow architecture, colloidal stable, and thiol-abundant surface endow ZSHs exploiting the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability than pristine ZIF-8 toward a broad scale of morphological change with high functionalization degree. Moreover, ZSHs can specifically encapsulate gold nanoparticles in large quantities for further applications. Finally, ZSHs possess good biocompatibility in human cells and in vivo zebrafish model and could potentially protect human cells against oxidative stress. This concept valuably elucidated the new era for functionalized ZIF-8 to apply as the next generation of multifunctional biomaterials. © 2022 elsevier Ltd

关键词： Morphology

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Charging quantum batteries via Otto machines: Influence of monitoring

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Physical Review A 2022年第5期106卷 052202-052202页

作者： Jeongrak Son Peter Talkner Juzar Thingna Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 D-86135 Augsburg Germany Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Applied Physics University of Massachusetts Lowell Massachusetts 01854 USA

The charging of a quantum battery by a four-stroke quantum machine that works either as an engine or a refrigerator is investigated. The presented analysis provides the energetic behavior of the combined system in terms of the heat- and workflows of the machine, the average, the variance of the battery's energy, as well as the coherent and incoherent parts of its ergotropy. To monitor the battery state, its energy is measured either after the completion of any cycle or after a prescribed number of cycles is carried out. The resulting battery performances greatly differ for those two cases. During the first charging epoch with an engine, the regular measurements speed up the charging, whereas the gain of ergotropy is more pronounced in the absence of measurements. In a later stage, the engine fails to work as such, while it still continues charging the battery that eventually reaches the maximally charged state in the absence of intermediate measurements and a suboptimally charged state for a periodically measured battery. For a refrigerator, the charging of the measured battery also proceeds faster during the first epoch. Only during the second stage, when the machine fails to extract heat from the cold bath, the influence of the measurements becomes less pronounced, leading to rather similar asymptotic states for the two measurement scenarios.

关键词： Quantum thermodynamics Nonequilibrium systems Quantum heat engines & refrigerators Density matrix methods Master equation

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AGe OF MASSIVe GALAXIeS AT ReDSHIFT 8

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： López-Corredoira, Martin V. Melia, F. Wei, J.-J. Gao, C.-Y. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias La Laguna TenerifeE-38205 Spain PIFI-Visiting Scientist 2023 Chinese Academy of Sciences at PMO6 National Astronomical Observatories Beijing100012 China Departamento de Astrofisica Universidad de La Laguna La Laguna TenerifeE-38206 Spain Department of Physics The Applied Math Program Department of Astronomy The University of Arizona AZ 85721 United States Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210023 China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Recent James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data analyses have shown that massive red galaxies existed at redshifts z >∼ 6, a discovery that is difficult to understand in the context of standard cosmology (ΛCDM). Here we analyze these observations more deeply by fitting a stellar population model to the optical and near-infrared photometric data. These fits include a main stellar population in addition to a residual younger population and with the same extinction for both (a lower extinction for the younger population is unphysical). extra stellar populations or the inclusion of an AGN component do not significantly improve the fits. These galaxies are being viewed at very high redshifts, with an average ≈ 8.2, when the ΛCDM Universe was only ≈ 600 Myr old. This result conflicts with the inferred ages of these galaxies, however, which were on average between 0.9 and 2.4 Gyr old within 95% CL. Given the sequence of star formation and galaxy assembly in the standard model, these galaxies should instead be even younger than 290 Myr on average, for which our analysis assigns a probability of only −4 ( 3.6σ tension). This outcome may indicate the need to consider non-standard cosmologies. Nevertheless, our conclusions result from several approximations in stellar astrophysics and extinction, so they should be taken with a grain of salt. Further research is necessary to corroborate the possible existence of galaxies older than the ΛCDM universe at their observed redshifts. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Fabrication of hyaluronic acid with graphene quantum dot as a dual drug delivery system for cancer therapy

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FlatChem 2024年 44卷

作者： Lin, Joseph Lin, Jung-Hua Yeh, Tseng-Yu Zheng, Jia-Huei Cho, er-Chieh Lee, Kuen-Chan Department of Science Education National Taipei University of Education No.134 Sec. 2 Heping E. Rd. Da-an District Taipei City 106 Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City 110 Taiwan Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City 110 Taiwan Cancer Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University 110 Taiwan PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei City 110 Taiwan

With recent advancements in nanomedicine, there has been growing interest in developing drug delivery systems with multifunctional capabilities. In this study, we developed a novel dual drug delivery system by combining two drug carriers via positive and negative electrostatic interactions. First, we modified polyethyleneimine (PeI) with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) to create a positively charged particle (GPI) with high drug loading efficiency and good dispersibility. Second, we embedded the pyrenebutyric acid structure in hyaluronic acid (HA) through eDC/NHS cross-linking and used TAK-632 as the hydrophobic drug to create negatively charged particles (HANPs) with hydrogel-like properties and the CD44 receptor. After the two components were constructed, the increase in the particle charge and simultaneous delivery of both drugs synergistically enhanced the therapeutic effect of this strategy. Qualitative tests confirmed the successful synthesis of the drug carrier, while the potential of this system as a cancer treatment strategy was evaluated in HCT116 cancer cells (through MTT cell viability assays) and in vivo mice xenograft experiments. Our results demonstrated that the dual drug delivery system, HANPs(TAK)/GPI(DOX), had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that this system is a promising candidate for a new type of treatment. © 2024 elsevier B.V.

关键词： Dual drug delivery system electrostatic interaction Graphene quantum dots Hydrophobic drug

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Monitoring Quantum Otto engines

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PRX Quantum 2021年第4期2卷 040328-040328页

作者： Jeongrak Son Peter Talkner Juzar Thingna Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 D-86135 Augsburg Germany Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea

Unlike classical systems, a measurement performed on a quantum system always alters its state. In this work, the impacts of two diagnostic schemes to determine the performance of quantum Otto heat engines are compared: In one scheme, the energy of the engine’s working substance is measured after each stroke (repeated measurements), and in the other one, the energies after each stroke are recorded in one or two pointer states and measured only after the completion of a prescribed number of cycles (repeated contacts). A single pointer state suffices if one is only interested in either work or heat. For joint work and heat diagnostics, two pointers are needed. These schemes are applied to Otto engines, whose working substance consists of a two-level system. Depending on the engine protocol, the duration of a single cycle may be infinite or finite. Because in the repeated contact scheme, the number of measurements is drastically reduced compared to the repeated measurement scheme, the quantum coherence after and during the contact diagnostics is much better maintained than for repeated measurements that destroy any coherence at the end of each stroke. We demonstrate that maximum power, reliability, and efficiency of the engine in the presence of repeated contacts typically outperform these figures of merit of repeated measurements. Due to the improved coherence persistence, heat engines with a finite cycle duration require a larger number of cycles to reach a periodically asymptotic state. Overall, our results document the importance of taking into account the particular nature of diagnostic tools for monitoring and testing purposes but also for feedback control, both in theory and experiment.

关键词： Quantum measurements Quantum thermodynamics Quantum heat engines & refrigerators

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Design of experiments as a strategy for modulating the colloidal stability, physico-chemical properties and drug-delivery potential of small mesoporous silica nanoparticles

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Advanced Powder technology 2023年第10期34卷

作者： Lestari, Windy Ayu Saputra, Ozi Adi Díaz-García, Diana Wahyuningsih, Sayekti Gómez-Ruiz, Santiago Wibowo, Fajar Rakhman Magister Program in Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta57126 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta57126 Indonesia COMET-NANO Group Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Calle Tulipán s/n Madrid MóstolesE-28933 Spain Institute of Chemistry Taiwan International Graduate Program Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Academia Sinica Taipei115 China Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 China

The synthesis of highly stable small mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SMSN) in colloid dispersions is still challenging for biomedical applications. This study is focus on the successfully synthesis and formulation of porous, highly dispersed and colloidal stable SMSN via the soft–templating method. This study reports how the differences in synthesis variables, namely, temperature, amount of triethylamine (TeA) and/or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) influence the morphology and textural properties of SMSN. The analysis of the particle size, surface area, pore size, pore volume, zeta potential, and colloidal stability (represent by absorbance decreasing rate) show that temperature is the most influential factor governing the preparation of SMSN. The optimal conditions found for the synthesis of these nanoparticles were 50 °C, using a molar ratio between TeA and CTAB (3.5971: 1). Therefore, our study shows interesting insights on the effect of each variable to control the morphology and properties of small MSN for the design of this kind of nanoparticulated systems, therefore, giving valuable data to be considered for the future construction of tailor-made effective drug carrier materials. © 2023 The Society of Powder technology Japan

关键词： Synthesis (chemical)

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A BeRT-Based Pre-Training Model for Solving Math Application Problems

A BERT-Based Pre-Training Model for Solving Math Application...

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Intelligent education and Intelligent Research (IeIR), International Conference on

作者： Yuhao Jia Pingheng Wang Zhen Zhang Chi Cheng Zhifei Li Xinguo Yu Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education Central China Normal University Wuhan China School of Sports Engineering and Information Technology Wuhan Sports University Wuhan China School of Information Management Wuhan University Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning Central China Normal University Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345636

Solving the math application problem is hot research in intelligence education. An increasing number of research scholars are using pre-trained models to tackle machine solution problems. Noteworthily, the semantic relationships required in the machine solution task are for describing math problems, while those of the BeRT model with pre-training weights are of general significance, which will cause a mismatched word vector representation. To solve this problem, we proposed a self-supervised pre-training method based on loss priority. We use the input data from the downstream task datasets to fine-tune the existing BeRT model so that the dynamic word vector it obtained can better match the downstream tasks. And the size of the loss value of each data batch in each round of training will be recorded to decide which data should be trained in the next round, so that the model has a faster convergence speed. Furthermore, considering that in large-scale mathematics application problems, some problems have almost the same forms of solution. We proposed a machine solution model training algorithm based on the analogy of the same problem type. extensive experiments on two well-known datasets show the superiority of our proposed algorithms compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.

关键词： Training Bit error rate Semantics Mathematical models Data models Task analysis Convergence

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The Intervention Model for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Based on educational Game

The Intervention Model for Children with Autism Spectrum Dis...

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Ieee International Conference on Teaching, Assessment and learning for engineering (TALe)

作者： Guangshuai Wang Shiying Zheng Kun Zhang Xuan Wang School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan China Wollongong Joint Institute Central China Normal University Central China Normal University Wuhan China National Engineering Technology Research Center for E-learning Central China Normal University Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665436885

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has defects in social communication, emotional cognitive and executive function, which leads to difficulties in social interaction. early intervention is crucial for children with ASD to maximize gains in communication and social skills. educational games and gamification of interventions have great potential in engaging children with ASD and providing a relatively safe environment for social interaction. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and semi-structured interview were used to evaluate emotional behavioral problems and characteristics of children with ASD, and an intervention model for children with ASD based on educational game was constructed in this study. The feasibility and effectiveness of the intervention model of educational game were preliminarily evaluated through case study. It is expected to broaden the new field of intervention research on children with ASD and provide some enlightenment for related research and application.

关键词： Pediatrics Autism emotion recognition Games Information processing educational technology Cognition

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Probing digital game-based science learning experience through eye-tracking 27

Probing digital game-based science learning experience throu...

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27th International Conference on Computers in education, ICCe 2019

作者： Cheng, Bo-Yuan Wang, Hung-Yuan Hsu, Chung-Yuan Chiou, Guo-Li Tsai, Meng-Jung Department of Child Care National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Taiwan Kaohsiung Municipal Fushan Elementary School Taiwan Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789869721448

This study aimed to investigate the role the students’ prior knowledge in their visual attention and behavioral patterns while playing a digital game. The participants were 39 fourth graders from an elementary school in the southern part of Taiwan. The Tobii 4C eye Tracker (with a sampling rate of 90Hz) was utilized to track the students’ visual attention while they were playing the game. In addition, the lag sequential analyses were conducted to examine the visual transitional patterns of the participants with different levels of prior knowledge. The results of this study showed that students with the lower level of prior knowledge tended to put more mental effort on the trivial information of the game. In contrast, the participants with the higher level of prior knowledge were more likely to employ more effective gameplaying strategies (e.g., evaluation). © ICCe 2019 - 27th International Conference on Computers in education, Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： eye tracking

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