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SSRN 2024年

作者： Saad Menezes, Maria Clara Hoffman, Alexander F. Tan, Amelia L.M. Nalbandyan, Mariné Omenn, Gilbert S. Mazzotti, Diego R. Hernández-Arango, Alejandro Visweswaran, Shyam Venkatesh, Shruthi Mandl, Kenneth D. Bourgeois, Florence T. Lee, James W.K. Makmur, Andrew Hanauer, David A. Semanik, Michael G. Kerivan, Lauren T. Hill, Terra Forero, Julian Restrepo Castro, Carlos Andrés C.R. Vigna, Matteo Ceriana, Piero Abu-el-rub, Noor Avillach, Paul Bellazzi, Riccardo Callaci, Thomas Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Alba Malovini, Alberto Mathew, Jomol P. Morris, Michele Murthy, Venkatesh Parimbelli, enea Patel, Lav P. Sáez, Carlos Samayamuthu, Malarkodi Jebathilagam Thompson, Jeffrey A. Tibollo, Valentina Xia, Zongqi Kohane, Isaac S. Harvard Medical School Department of Biomedical Informatics 10 Shattuck Street BostonMA02115 United States School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Office of Informatics and Information Technology 750 Highland Ave MadisonWI53705 United States University of Michigan Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics Internal Medicine Human Genetics Environmental Health 100 Washtenaw Avenue Ann ArborMI48109 United States University of Kansas Medical Center Division of Medical Informatics Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Department of Internal Medicine 3901 Rainbow Blvd Kansas CityKS66160 United States University of Antioquia Hospital Alma Máter de Antioquia Department of Internal Medicine Calle 64 N°51 D - 154 Medellín Colombia University of Pittsburgh Department of Biomedical Informatics 5607 Baum Blvd PittsburghPA15206 United States University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurology 3501 5th Avenue PittsburghPA15206 United States Boston Children's Hospital Computational Health Informatics Program 300 Longwood Avenue BostonMA02115 United States Boston Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics 300 Longwood Avenue BostonMA02115 United States National University Health System Department of Surgery 1E Kent Ridge Rd Singapore119228 Singapore National University Health System Department of Diagnostic Imaging 1E Kent Ridge Rd Singapore119228 Singapore University of Michigan Department of Learning Health Sciences NCRC 100 2800 Plymouth Road Ann ArborMI48109 United States University of Kansas Medical Center Department of Surgery 3901 Rainbow Blvd Kansas CityKS66160 United States Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS Respiratory rehabilitation unit Via Maugeri 10 Pavia27100 Italy University of Kansas Medical Center 3901 Rainbow Blvd Kansas CityKS66160 United States University of Pavia Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering via Ferrata 5 Pavia2710

Background: Physicians invest hours creating patient notes, which are rich in information but difficult for computers to analyze due to their unstructured format. GPT-4 reshaped our ability to process text, yet it is unknown how well this model can handle medical notes. This project aims to compare GPT-4’s ability to annotate medical notes against experienced physicians across three different languages at multiple institutions and countries. Methods: This study included eight sites from four countries - the United States, Colombia, Singapore, and Italy. each site contributed seven de-identified notes (admission, progress, or consult) from hospitalized patients. GPT-4 assessed each note by answering 14 questions, including demographic information, clinical judgments, data quality, and patients’ eligibility for a hypothetical study enrollment. For validation, two physicians from each site independently evaluated GPT-4's responses. Findings: Overall, 56 medical notes, written in english, Italian, and Spanish, were analyzed. A total of 784 responses from GPT-4 were generated. Both physicians agreed with GPT-4’s response 79% of the time (622/784, 95%CI 76-82%). Only one of the two physicians agreed with GPT-4’s response 10% of the time (82/784, 95%CI 8-13%). Neither physician agreed with GPT-4’s response 10% of the time (80/784, 95%CI 8-13%). Both physicians agreed with GPT-4 more often in notes written in Spanish and Italian than in english, with agreement rates of 88% (86/98, 95%CI 79-93%), 84% (82/98, 95%CI 75-90%), and 77% (454/588, 95%CI 74-80%), respectively. Hallucinations were rare (10/784, 95%CI 0-2%). GPT-4 correctly selected patients for a hypothetical study enrollment based on three criteria 90% of the time (95%CI 81-98%). Interpretation: The findings indicate that GPT-4 annotations demonstrated a high agreement rate with physicians across all languages. We also demonstrate GPT-4's potential to assist in patient selection for studies. Funding: None. Declarati

关键词： Medical computing

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On the Scarcity of Dense Cores (n>105 cm-3) in High latitude Planck Galactic Cold Clumps

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Fengwei Wang, Ke Liu, Tie eden, David Liu, Xunchuan Juvela, Mika He, Jinhua Johnstone, Doug Goldsmith, Paul Garay, Guido Wu, Yuefang Soam, Archana Traficante, Alessio Ristorcelli, Isabelle Falgarone, edith Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien Hirano, Naomi Doi, Yasuo Kwon, Woojin White, Glenn J. Whitworth, Anthony Sanhueza, Patricio Rawlings, Mark G. Alina, Dana Ren, Zhiyuan Lee, Chang Won Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Zhang, Chuan-Peng Zhou, Jianjun Lai, Shih-Ping Ward-Thompson, Derek Liu, Sheng-Yuan Gu, Qilao Chakali, eswaraiah Zhu, Lei Mardones, Diego Tóth, L. Viktor Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai200030 China Armagh Observatory and Planetarium College Hill ArmaghBT61 9DG United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Helsinki PO Box 64 HelsinkiFI-00014 Finland Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 396 Yangfangwang Guandu District Kunming650216 China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories CAS Beijing100101 China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Las Condes Santiago7591245 Chile NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics 5071 West Saanich Road VictoriaBCV9E 2E7 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Road Elliot Building VictoriaBCV8P 5C2 Canada Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States Indian Institute of Astrophysics II Block Koramangala Bengaluru560034 India IAPS-INAF Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 RomeI-00133 Italy Université de Toulouse UPS-OMP IRAP ToulouseF-31028 Cedex 4 France LPENS Ecole Normale Supérieure Université PSL CNRS Sorbonne Université Université de Paris Paris75005 France Institute of Astronomy Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Earth Science and Astronomy Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Tokyo Meguro153-8902 Japan Department of Earth Science Education Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of School of Physical Sciences The Open Un

High-latitude (|b| > 30◦) molecular clouds have virial parameters that exceed 1, but whether these clouds can form stars has not been studied systematically. Using JCMT SCUBA-2 archival data, we surveyed 70 fields that target high-latitude Planck Galactic cold clumps (HLPCs) to find dense cores with density of 105–106 cm-3 and size of 1 × 1021 cm-2). At an average rms of 15 mJy beam-1, we detected Galactic dense cores in only one field, G6.04+36.77 (L183) while also identifying 12 extragalactic objects and two young stellar objects. Compared to the low-latitude clumps, dense cores are scarce in HLPCs. With synthetic observations, the densities of cores are constrained to be nc 105 cm-3 should they exist in HLPCs. Low-latitude clumps, Taurus clumps, and HLPCs form a sequence where a higher virial parameter corresponds to a lower dense-core detection rate. If HLPCs were affected by the Local Bubble, the scarcity should favor turbulence-inhibited rather than supernova-driven star formation. Studies of the formation mechanism of the L183 molecular cloud are warranted. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Supernovae

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A model of COVID-19 pandemic evolution in African countries

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Amouzouvi, Kossi Assamagan, Kétévi A. Azote, Somiéalo Connell, Simon H. Fankam, Jean Baptiste Fankam Fanomezana, Fenosoa Guga, Aluwani Haliya, Cyrille e. Mabote, Toivo S. MacUcule, Francisco Fenias Mathebula, Dephney Muronga, Azwinndini Mwale, Kondwani C.C. Njeri, Ann Onyie, ebode F. Rakotondravohitra, Laza Zimba, George Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Ghana Brookhaven National Laboratory Physics Department UptonNY United States Université de Lomé Département de Physique Lomé Togo University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa University of Yaounde i Department of Physics Yaounde Cameroon University of Antananarivo Madagascar Nelson Mandela University South Africa University of Abomey-Calavi International Mathematical Physics and Applications Cotonou Benin Universidade Eduardo Mondlane Grupo de Astrofísica e Ciências Espaciais Maputo Mozambique University of Venda Applied Mathematics and Mathematics Department South Africa University of Rwanda African Center of Excellence for Innovative Teaching and Learning Science Kigali Rwanda University of Manchester United Kingdom Duke University Medical Center United States University of Jyväskylä Department of Physics Jyväskylä Finland

We studied the COVID-19 pandemic evolution in selected African countries. For each country considered, we modeled simultaneously the data of the active, recovered and death cases. In this study, we used a year of data since the first cases were reported. We estimated the time-dependent basic reproduction numbers, R0, and the fractions of infected but unaffected populations, to offer insights into containment and vaccine strategies in African countries. We found that R00∼ 1. The unaffected fractions of the populations studied vary between 1 - 10% of the recovered cases. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cell proliferation

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Interferometrically estimating a quadratic form for any immanant of a matrix and its permutations

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Khalique, Aeysha de Guise, Hubert Sanders, Barry C. School of Natural Sciences National University of Sciences and Technology IslamabadH-12 Pakistan Shahdra Valley Road Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Physics Lakehead University Thunder BayONP7B 5E1 Canada Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary ABT2N 1N4 Canada Program in Quantum Information Science Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada

We devise a multiphoton interferometry scheme for sampling a quadratic function of a specific immanant for any submatrix of a unitary matrix and its row permutations. The full unitary matrix describes a passive, linear interferometer, and its submatrix is used when photons enter in and are detected at subsets of possible input and output channels. Immanants are mathematical constructs that interpolate between the permanent and determinant;contrary to determinants and permanents, which have meaningful physical applications, immanants are devoid of physical meaning classically but here are shown to be meaningful in a quantum setting. Our quadratic form of immanants is sampled by injecting vacuum and single photons into interferometer input ports such that the photon arrival times are entangled, in contrast to previous methods that control arrival times without entangling. Our method works for any number of photons, and we solve explicitly the quadratic form for the two-, three- and four-photon cases. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Number theory

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The MOPYS project: A survey of 70 planets in search of extended He i and H atmospheres No evidence of enhanced evaporation in young planets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Orell-Miquel, J. Murgas, F. Pallé, e. Mallorquín, M. López-Puertas, M. Lampón, M. Sanz-Forcada, J. Nortmann, L. Czesla, S. Nagel, e. Ribas, I. Stangret, M. Livingston, J. Knudstrup, e. Albrecht, S.H. Carleo, I. Caballero, J.A. Dai, F. esparza-Borges, e. Fukui, A. Heng, K. Henning, Th. Kagetani, T. Lesjak, F. de Leon, J.P. Montes, D. Morello, G. Narita, N. Quirrenbach, A. Amado, P.J. Reiners, A. Schweitzer, A. Linares, J.I. Vico La Laguna Tenerife38205 Spain La Laguna Tenerife38206 Spain Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n Villanueva de la Cañada MadridE-28692 Spain Institut für Astrophysik und Geophysik Georg-August-Universität Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1 Göttingen37077 Germany Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg Sternwarte 5 Tautenburg07778 Germany Campus UAB Can Ma-grans s/n Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain Barcelona08034 Spain Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5 Padova35122 Italy Astrobiology Center 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg412 93 Sweden Stellar Astrophysics Centre Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 120 Aarhus CDK-8000 Denmark NASA Sagan Fellow United States Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences 1200 E California Blvd PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Astronomy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Komaba Institute for Science The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro Tokyo153-8902 Japan Faculty of Physics Ludwig Maximilian University Scheinerstrasse 1 Munich BavariaD-81679 Germany Max-Planck-Institute für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro Tokyo Japan Facultad de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Landessternwarte Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg Königstuhl 12 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Hamburger Sternwarte Gojenbergsweg 112 Hamburg21029 Germany Centro Astronómico Hispano en Andalucía

During the first billion years of their life, exoplanet atmospheres are modified by different atmospheric escape phenomena that can strongly affect the shape and morphology of the exoplanet itself. These processes can be studied with Lyα, Hα, and/or He i triplet observations. We present high-resolution spectroscopy observations from CARMeNeS and GIARPS checking for He i and Hα signals in 20 exoplanetary atmospheres: V1298 Tau c, K2-100 b, HD 63433 b, HD 63433 c, HD 73583 b, HD 73583 c, K2-77 b, TOI-2076 b, TOI-2048 b, HD 235088 b, TOI-1807 b, TOI-1136 d, TOI-1268 b, TOI-1683 b, TOI-2018 b, MASCARA-2 b, WASP-189 b, TOI-2046 b, TOI-1431 b, and HAT-P-57 b. We report two new high-resolution spectroscopy He i detections for TOI-1268 b and TOI-2018 b, and a Hα detection for TOI-1136 d. Furthermore, we detect hints of He i for HD 63433 b, and Hα for HD 73583 b and c, which need to be confirmed. The aim of the Measuring Out-flows in Planets orbiting Young Stars (MOPYS) project is to understand the evaporating phenomena and test their predictions from the current observations. We compiled a list of 70 exoplanets with He i and/or Hα observations, from this work and the literature, and we considered the He i and Hα results as proxy for atmospheric escape. Our principal results are that 0.1–1Gyr planets do not exhibit more He i or Hα detections than older planets, and evaporation signals are more frequent for planets orbiting ∼1–3 Gyr stars. We provide new constraints to the cosmic shoreline, the empirical division between rocky planets and planets with atmosphere, by using the evaporation detections and we explore the capabilities of a new dimensionless parameter, RHe/RHill, to explain the He i triplet detections. Furthermore, we present a statistically significant upper boundary for the He i triplet detections in the Teq versus ρp parameter space. Planets located above that boundary are unlikely to show He i absorption signals. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Cosmology

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Roadmap on Nonlocality in Photonic Materials and Metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Monticone, Francesco Mortensen, N. Asger Fernández-Domínguez, Antonio I. Luo, Yu Tserkezis, Christos Khurgin, Jacob B. Shahbazyan, Tigran V. Chaves, André J. Peres, Nuno M.R. Wegner, Gino Busch, Kurt Hu, Huatian della Sala, Fabio Zhang, Pu Ciracì, Cristian Aizpurua, Javier Babaze, Antton Borisov, Andrei G. Chen, Xue-Wen Christensen, Thomas Yan, Wei Yang, Yi Hohenester, Ulrich Huber, Lorenz Wubs, Martijn de Liberato, Simone Gonçalves, P.A.D. de Abajo, F. Javier García Hess, Ortwin Tarasenko, Illya Cox, Joel D. Jelver, Line Dias, eduardo J.C. Sánchez, Miguel Sánchez Margetis, Dionisios Gómez-Santos, Guillermo Stauber, Tobias Tretyakov, Sergei Simovski, Constantin Pakniyat, Samaneh Gómez-Díaz, J. Sebastián Bondarev, Igor V. Biehs, Svend-Age Boltasseva, Alexandra Shalaev, Vladimir M. Krasavin, Alexey V. Zayats, Anatoly V. Alù, Andrea Song, Jung-Hwan Brongersma, Mark L. Levy, Uriel Long, Olivia Y. Guo, Cheng Fan, Shanhui Bozhevolnyi, Sergey I. Overvig, Adam Prudêncio, Filipa R. Silveirinha, Mário G. Gangaraj, S. Ali Hassani Argyropoulos, Christos Huidobro, Paloma A. Galiffi, emanuele Yang, Fan Pendry, John B. Miller, David A.B. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States POLIMA Center for Polariton-driven Light–Matter Interactions University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark D-IAS—Danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 Odense MDK-5230 Denmark Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE-28049 Spain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE-28049 Spain School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics Ministry of Education College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing211106 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States Department of Physics Aeronautics Institute of Technology SP So Jos dos Campos12228-900 Brazil Departamento de Física Universidade do Minho BragaP-4710-057 Portugal Av Mestre José Veiga Braga4715-330 Portugal Max-Born-Institut Berlin12489 Germany Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für Physik AG Theoretische Optik and Photonik Berlin12489 Germany Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Barsanti 14 Arnesano73010 Italy Via Monteroni Campus Unisalento Lecce73100 Italy School of physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Luoyu Road 1037 Wuhan430074 China Donostia International Physics Center DIPC Donostia-San Sebastián20018 Spain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao48009 Spain Department of Electricity and Electronics University of the Basque Country Leioa48940 Spain Department of Applied Physics University of the Basque Country Donostia20018 Spain Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut des Scienc

Photonic technologies continue to drive the quest for new optical materials with unprecedented responses. A major frontier in this field is the exploration of nonlocal (spatially dispersive) materials, going beyond the local, wavevector-independent assumption traditionally made in optical material modeling. On one end, the growing interest in plasmonic, polaritonic and quantum materials has revealed naturally occurring nonlocalities, emphasizing the need for more accurate models to predict and design their optical responses. This has major implications also for topological, nonreciprocal, and time-varying systems based on these material platforms. Beyond natural materials, artificially structured materials—metamaterials and metasurfaces–can provide even stronger and engineered nonlocal effects, emerging from long-range interactions or multipolar effects. This is a rapidly expanding area in the field of photonic metamaterials, with open frontiers yet to be explored. In the case of metasurfaces, in particular, nonlocality engineering has become a powerful tool for designing strongly wavevector-dependent responses, enabling enhanced wavefront control, spatial compression, multifunctional devices, and wave-based computing. Furthermore, nonlocality and related concepts play a critical role in defining the ultimate limits of what is possible in optics, photonics, and wave physics. This Roadmap aims to survey the most exciting developments in nonlocal photonic materials, highlight new opportunities and open challenges, and chart new pathways that will drive this emerging field forward–toward new scientific discoveries and technological advancements. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocrystals

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The eleven-item Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST-11): Cross-cultural psychometric evaluation across 42 countries

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Journal of Psychiatric Research 2023年第1期165卷 16-27页

作者： Lee, Chih-Ting Lin, Chung-Ying Koós, Mónika Nagy, Léna Kraus, Shane W. Demetrovics, Zsolt Potenza, Marc N. Ballester-Arnal, Rafael Batthyány, Dominik Bergeron, Sophie Billieux, Joël Burkauskas, Julius Cárdenas-López, Georgina Carvalho, Joana Castro-Calvo, Jesús Chen, Lijun Ciocca, Giacomo Corazza, Ornella Csako, Rita I. Fernandez, David P. Fernandez, elaine F. Fujiwara, Hironobu Fuss, Johannes Gabrhelík, Roman Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret Gjoneska, Biljana Gola, Mateusz Grubbs, Joshua B. Hashim, Hashim T. Islam, Md. Saiful Ismail, Mustafa Jiménez-Martínez, Martha Jurin, Tanja Kalina, Ondrej Klein, Verena Költő, András Lee, Sang-Kyu Lewczuk, Karol Lochner, Christine López-Alvarado, Silvia Lukavská, Kateřina Mayta-Tristán, Percy Milea, Ionut Miller, Dan J. Orosová, Oľga Orosz, Gábor Ponce, Fernando P. Quintana, Gonzalo R. Garzola, Gabriel C.Quintero Ramos-Diaz, Jano Rigaud, Kévin Rousseau, Ann Scanavino, Marco De Tubino Schulmeyer, Marion K. Sharan, Pratap Shibata, Mami Shoib, Sheikh Sigre-Leirós, Vera Sniewski, Luke Spasovski, Ognen Steibliene, Vesta Stein, Dan J. Strizek, Julian Ünsal, Berk C. Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie-Pier Van Hout, Marie Claire Bőthe, Beáta Department of Family Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Institute of Allied Health Sciences College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Biostatistics Consulting Center National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Doctoral School of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Institute of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Psychology University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas NV United States Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming University of Gibraltar Gibraltar Gibraltar Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling Wethersfield CT United States Departmento de Psicología Básica Clínica y Psicobiología University Jaume I of Castellón Spain Institute for Behavioural Addictions Sigmund Freud University Vienna Austria Département de Psychologie Université de Montréal Montréal Canada Institute of Psychology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Center for Excessive Gambling Addiction Medicine Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine Neuroscience Institute Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Lithuania Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory School of Psychology National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico William James Center for Research Departamento de Educação e Psicologia Universidade de Aveiro CPUP: Center for Psychology at Porto University Aveiro Portugal Department of Personality Assessment and Psychological Treatments University of Valencia Spain Department of Psychology College of Humanity and Social Science Fuzhou University China Section of Sexual Psychopathology Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy Department of Clinical Pharmaceuti

The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is an instrument to screen substance-use-related health risks. However, little is known whether the ASSIST could be further shortened while remaining psychometrically sound across different countries, languages, gender identities, and sexual-orientation-based groups. The study aimed to validate a shortened 11-item ASSIST (ASSIST-11). Using the International Sex Survey data, 82,243 participants (M _age = 32.39 years) across 42 countries and 26 languages completed questions from the ASSIST-11 regarding gender identity, sexual orientation, and other information. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multigroup CFA (MGCFA) evaluated the ASSIST-11's structure and tested measurement invariance across groups. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω were used to examine the internal consistency. Cohen's d and independent t-tests were used to examine known-group validity. The ASSIST-11 was unidimensional across countries, languages, age groups, gender identities (i.e., men, women, and gender-diverse individuals), and sexual orientations (i.e., heterosexual and sexual minority individuals). Cronbach's α was 0.63 and McDonald's ω was 0.68 for the ASSIST-11. Known-group validity was supported by Cohen's d (range between 0.23 and 0.40) with significant differences (p-values<0.001). The ASSIST-11 is a modified instrument with a unidimensional factor structure across different languages, age groups, countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations. The low internal consistency of the ASSIST-11 might be acceptable as it assesses a broad concept (i.e., use of several different substances). Healthcare providers and researchers may use the ASSIST-11 to quickly assess substance-use information from general populations and evaluate the need to follow up with more detailed questions about substance use. © 2023 elsevier Ltd

关键词： Addictive behaviors Cross-cultural study Factor structure Measurement invariance Psychometrics

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Study of flavor dependence of the baryon-to-meson ratio in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV

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Physical Review D 2023年第11期108卷 112003-112003页

作者： S. Acharya D. Adamová G. Aglieri Rinella M. Agnello N. Agrawal Z. Ahammed S. Ahmad S. U. Ahn I. Ahuja A. Akindinov M. Al-Turany D. Aleksandrov B. Alessandro H. M. Alfanda R. Alfaro Molina B. Ali A. Alici N. Alizadehvandchali A. Alkin J. Alme G. Alocco T. Alt A. R. Altamura I. Altsybeev M. N. Anaam C. Andrei N. Andreou A. Andronic V. Anguelov F. Antinori P. Antonioli N. Apadula L. Aphecetche H. Appelshäuser C. Arata S. Arcelli M. Aresti R. Arnaldi J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro I. C. Arsene M. Arslandok A. Augustinus R. Averbeck M. D. Azmi H. Baba A. Badalà J. Bae Y. W. Baek X. Bai R. Bailhache Y. Bailung A. Balbino A. Baldisseri B. Balis D. Banerjee Z. Banoo R. Barbera F. Barile L. Barioglio M. Barlou B. Barman G. G. Barnaföldi L. S. Barnby V. Barret L. Barreto C. Bartels K. Barth e. Bartsch N. Bastid S. Basu G. Batigne D. Battistini B. Batyunya D. Bauri J. L. Bazo Alba I. G. Bearden C. Beattie P. Becht D. Behera I. Belikov A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria F. Bellini R. Bellwied S. Belokurova G. Bencedi S. Beole Y. Berdnikov A. Berdnikova L. Bergmann M. G. Besoiu L. Betev P. P. Bhaduri A. Bhasin M. A. Bhat B. Bhattacharjee L. Bianchi N. Bianchi J. Bielčík J. Bielčíková J. Biernat A. P. Bigot A. Bilandzic G. Biro S. Biswas N. Bize J. T. Blair D. Blau M. B. Blidaru N. Bluhme C. Blume G. Boca F. Bock T. Bodova A. Bogdanov S. Boi J. Bok L. Boldizsár M. Bombara P. M. Bond G. Bonomi H. Borel A. Borissov A. G. Borquez Carcamo H. Bossi e. Botta Y. e. M. Bouziani L. Bratrud P. Braun-Munzinger M. Bregant M. Broz G. e. Bruno M. D. Buckland D. Budnikov H. Buesching S. Bufalino P. Buhler N. Burmasov Z. Buthelezi A. Bylinkin S. A. Bysiak M. Cai H. Caines A. Caliva e. Calvo Villar J. M. M. Camacho P. Camerini F. D. M. Canedo M. Carabas A. A. Carballo F. Carnesecchi R. Caron L. A. D. Carvalho J. Castillo Castellanos F. Catalano C. Ceballos Sanchez I. Chakaberia P. Chakraborty S. Chandra S. Chapeland M. Chartier S. Chattopadhyay T. G. Chavez T. Cheng C. Cheshkov B. Cheynis V. Chibante Barroso D. D. Chinellato e. S. Chizzali J. Cho S. Cho P. Cho Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež Czech Republic European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università Bologna Italy Sezione INFN Bologna Italy University of Houston Houston Texas USA Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy Physik Department Technische Universität München Munich Germany Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNRS-IN2P3 Nantes France Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie Université Grenoble-Alpes CNRS-IN2P3 Grenoble France Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Univers

The production cross sections of D0 and Λc+ hadrons originating from beauty-hadron decays (i.e., nonprompt) were measured for the first time at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) by the ALICe Collaboration in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s=13 TeV. They are described within uncertainties by perturbative QCD calculations employing the fragmentation fractions of beauty quarks to baryons measured at forward rapidity by the LHCb Collaboration. The bb¯ production cross section per unit of rapidity at midrapidity, estimated from these measurements, is dσbb¯/dy||y|<0.5=83.1±3.5(stat)±5.4(syst)−3.2+12.3(extrap) μb. The baryon-to-meson ratios are computed to investigate the hadronization mechanism of beauty quarks. The nonprompt Λc+/D0 production ratio has a similar trend to the one measured for the promptly produced charmed particles and to the p/π+ and Λ/KS0 ratios, suggesting a similar baryon-formation mechanism among light, strange, charm, and beauty hadrons. The pT -integrated nonprompt Λc+/D0 ratio is found to be significantly higher than the one measured in e+e− collisions.

关键词： Hadron-hadron interactions Particle production Bottom quark

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Multi-wavelength properties of 850-μm selected sources from the North ecliptic Pole SCUBA-2 survey

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Shim, Hyunjin Lee, Dongseob Kim, Yeonsik Scott, Douglas Serjeant, Stephen Ao, Yiping Barrufet, Laia Chapman, Scott C. Clements, David L. Conselice, Christopher J. Goto, Tomotsugu Greve, Thomas R. Hwang, Ho Seong Im, Myungshin Jeong, Woong-Seob Kim, Helen K. Kim, Minjin Kim, Seong Jin Kong, Albert K.H. Koprowski, MacIej P. Malkan, Matthew A. Michalowski, Michal J. Pearson, Chris Seo, Hyunjong Takagi, Toshinobu Toba, Yoshiki White, Glenn J. Woo, Jong-Hak Department of Earth Science Education Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Canada The Open University Milton KeynesMK7 6AA United Kingdom Purple Mountain Observatory Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei China Geneva Observatory University of Geneva Versoix Switzerland Ral Space Stfc Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Oxfordshire DidcotOX11 0QX United Kingdom Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhouise University HalifaxNSB3H 4R2 Canada Imperial College London Blackett Lab. Prince Consort Road LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester United Kingdom Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2. Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Cosmic Dawn Center National Space Institute Dtu Space Technical University of Denmark Elektrovej 327 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Snu Astronomy Research Center Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Korea Republic of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Ucla Los AngelesCA90095-1547 United States Institute of Astronomy Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Informatics Nicolaus Copernicus University Grudziadzka 5 Torun87-100 Poland Astronomical Observatory Institute Faculty of Physics Adam Mickiewicz University ul. Sloneczna 36 Poznan60-286 Poland Japan Scien

We present the multi-wavelength counterparts of 850-μm selected submillimetre sources over a 2-deg2field centred on the North ecliptic Pole. In order to overcome the large beam size (15 arcsec) of the 850-μm images, deep optical to near-infrared (NIR) photometric data and arcsecond-resolution 20-cm images are used to identify counterparts of submillimetre sources. Among 647 sources, we identify 514 reliable counterparts for 449 sources (69 per cent in number), based either on probabilities of chance associations calculated from positional offsets or offsets combined with the optical-to-NIR colours. In the radio imaging, the fraction of 850-μm sources having multiple counterparts is 7 per cent. The photometric redshift, infrared luminosity, stellar mass, star-formation rate (SFR), and the AGN contribution to the total infrared luminosity of the identified counterparts are investigated through spectral energy distribution fitting. The SMGs are infrared-luminous galaxies at an average (z) = 2.5 with log10(LIR/Lo) = 11.5-13.5, with a mean stellar mass of log10(Mstar/Mo) = 10.90 and SFR of log10(SFR/Moyr-1) = 2.34. The SMGs show twice as large SFR as galaxies on the starforming main sequence, and about 40 per cent of the SMGs are classified as objects with bursty star formation. At z ≥ 4, the contribution of AGN luminosity to total luminosity for most SMGs is larger than 30 per cent. The FIR-to-radio correlation coefficient of SMGs is consistent with that of main-sequence galaxies at z ≅ 2. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

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electromagnetic Source Imaging via a Data-Synthesis-Based Convolutional encoder-Decoder Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Huang, Gexin Liang, Jiawen Liu, Ke Cai, Chang Gu, Zheng Hui Qi, Feifei Li, Yuanqing Yu, Zhu Liang Wu, Wei School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University StanfordCA United States Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning Central China Normal University Wuhan China School of Internet Finance and Information Engineering Guangdong University of Finance Guangzhou510521 China

electromagnetic source imaging (eSI) requires solving a highly ill-posed inverse problem. To seek a unique solution, traditional eSI methods impose various forms of priors that may not accurately reflect the actual source properties, which may hinder their broad applications. To overcome this limitation, in this paper a novel data-synthesized spatio-temporally convolutional encoder-decoder network method termed DST-CedNet is proposed for eSI. DST-CedNet recasts eSI as a machine learning problem, where discriminative learning and latent-space representations are integrated in a convolutional encoder-decoder network (CedNet) to learn a robust mapping from the measured electroencephalography/magnetoencephalography (e/MeG) signals to the brain activity. In particular, by incorporating prior knowledge regarding dynamical brain activities, a novel data synthesis strategy is devised to generate large-scale samples for effectively training CedNet. This stands in contrast to traditional eSI methods where the prior information is often enforced via constraints primarily aimed for mathematical convenience. extensive numerical experiments as well as analysis of a real MeG and epilepsy eeG dataset demonstrate that DST-CedNet outperforms several state-of-the-art eSI methods in robustly estimating source signals under a variety of source configurations. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： electroencephalography

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