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Microencapsulation of Pediococcus pentosaceus using cupuassu flour-based as wall material: Application and impact on Petit Suisse cheese

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Food Bioscience 2025年

作者： Katherine Gutiérrez-Álzate Gabriele Barreto Bruna Samara S. Rekowsky Leticia Rodrigues Deborah Murowaniecki Otero Marion Pereira da Costa Program in Food Science (PGAli) Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador CEP 40170-115 BA Brazil Laboratorio de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Leite e Derivados (LAITLACTEOS) Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Salvador CEP 40170-110 BA Brazil Faculty of Technology SENAI/CIMATEC National Service of Industrial Learning–SENAI Salvador Bahia Brazil SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS) Senai Cimatec University Center Salvador 41650-010 Brazil Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics (PPGCAT) School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootchniques Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Ondina Salvador 40170-110 BA Brazil Biotechnology Laboratory Center of Excellence in Alternative Proteins SENAI CIMATEC University Center Salvador 41650-010 Brazil Graduate Program in Food Nutrition and Health Nutrition School Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Campus Canela Salvador 40110-907 BA Brazil

Microencapsulation enhances probiotic viability under adverse conditions. This study introduces cupuassu ( Theobroma grandiflorum ) flour, a novel plant-based by-product, as a wall material for spray-dried Pediococcus pentosaceus microcapsules. In addition, the study also aims to explore the application and impact of this innovative material on Petit Suisse cheese, presenting unique findings that contribute to the advancement of dairy science. Five formulations were developed using sodium alginate (1%) with varying levels of cupuassu flour (0, 1, 2 and 3%) and inulin (1%). The microcapsules were characterized for moisture, dispersibility, hygroscopicity, and particle size, as well as by FTIR spectroscopy, thermal behavior (TGA/DTG), and morphology by SeM. Selected microcapsules were incorporated into Petit Suisse cheese, and their effects on pH, viscosity, color, and probiotic viability were monitored during 28 days of refrigerated storage. Results showed encapsulation efficiencies between 73.2% and 82.2%, and viability above 6.4 log CFU/g after 75 days at -18 °C. Cupuassu flour improved the physicochemical stability and thermal resistance of the microcapsules. In the dairy matrix, microcapsules influenced texture and acidity while ensuring probiotic retention. This study highlights the potential of cupuassu flour as a functional and sustainable biopolymer, expanding the technological applications of probiotics in the dairy industry.

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The ALCHeMI atlas: principal component analysis reveals starburst evolution in NGC 253

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Harada, Nanase Meier, David S. Martín, Sergio Muller, Sebastien Sakamoto, Kazushi Saito, Toshiki Gorski, Mark D. Henkel, Christian Tanaka, Kunihiko Mangum, Jeffrey G. Aalto, Susanne Aladro, Rebeca Bouvier, Mathilde Colzi, Laura emig, Kimberly L. Herrero-Illana, Rubén Huang, Ko-Yun Kohno, Kotaro König, Sabine Nakanishi, Kouichiro Nishimura, Yuri Takano, Shuro Rivilla, Víctor M. Viti, Serena Watanabe, Yoshimasa van der Werf, Paul P. Yoshimura, Yuki National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-1855 Japan New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology 801 Leroy Place SocorroNM87801 United States National Radio Astronomy Observatory PO Box O 1003 Lopezville Road SocorroNM87801 United States European Southern Observatory Alonso de Córdova 3107 Vitacura Santiago763-0355 Chile Joint ALMA Observatory Alonso de Córdova 3107 Vitacura Santiago763-0355 Chile Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology Onsala Space Observatory OnsalaSE-439 92 Sweden Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 Bonn53121 Germany Astronomy Department Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University P. O. Box 80203 Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kanagawa Yokohama223-8522 Japan National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road CharlottesvilleVA22903-2475 United States Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology GöteborgSE-412 96 Sweden Leiden Observatory Leiden University P.O. Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands CSIC-INTA Ctra. de Ajalvir Km. 4 Torrejón de Ardoz Madrid28850 Spain Campus UAB Carrer de Magrans BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Institute of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-0015 Japan Department of Astronomy The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan ALMA Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physic

Molecular lines are powerful diagnostics of the physical and chemical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). These ISM properties, which affect future star formation, are expected to differ in starburst galaxies from those of more quiescent galaxies. We investigate the ISM properties in the central molecular zone of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 using the ultra-wide millimeter spectral scan survey from the ALMA Large program ALCHeMI. We present an atlas of velocity-integrated images at a 1′′. 6 resolution of 148 unblended transitions from 44 species, including the first extragalactic detection of HCNH+ and the first interferometric images of C3H+, NO, HCS+. We conduct a principal component analysis (PCA) on these images to extract correlated chemical species and to identify key groups of diagnostic transitions. To the best of our knowledge, our dataset is currently the largest astronomical set of molecular lines to which PCA has been applied. The PCA can categorize transitions coming from different physical components in NGC 253 such as i) young starburst tracers characterized by high-excitation transitions of HC3N and complex organic molecules (COMs) versus tracers of on-going star formation (radio recombination lines) and high-excitation transitions of CCH and CN tracing PDRs, ii) tracers of cloud-collision-induced shocks (low-excitation transitions of CH3OH, HNCO, HOCO+, and OCS) versus shocks from star-formation-induced outflows (high-excitation transitions of SiO), as well as iii) outflows showing emission from HOC+, CCH, H3O+, CO isotopologues, HCN, HCO+, CS, and CN. Our findings show these intensities vary with galactic dynamics, star formation activities, and stellar feedback. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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The application of an extracellular vesicle-based biosensor in early diagnosis and prediction of chemoresponsiveness in ovarian cancer

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Cancer Letters 2024年 581卷 216533-216533页

作者： Tsang, Benjamin K. Asare-Werehene, Meshach Hunter, Rob Gerber, emma Reunov, Arkadiy Brine, Isaiah Chang, Chia-Yu Chang, Chia-Ching Shieh, Dar-Bin Burger, Dylan Anis, Hanan Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Cellular & Molecular Medicine Centre for Infection Immunity and Inflammation Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Chronic Disease Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa ON K1Y 4E9 Canada Department of Biology St. Francis Xavier University 2320 Notre Dame Avenue Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Department of Biological Science and Department of Electrophysics Technology Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30068 Taiwan Institute of Basic Medical Science Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology National Cheng Kung University Hospital National Cheng Kung University Tainan 704 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 10529 Taiwan

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Correlating Reiff scores with clinical, functional, and prognostic factors: characterizing noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis severity: validation from a nationwide multicenter study in taiwan

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european journal of medical research 2024年第1期29卷 286页

作者： Wen-Chien Cheng Chia-Ling Chang Chau-Chyun Sheu Ping-Huai Wang Meng-Heng Hsieh Ming-Tsung Chen Wei-Fan Ou Yu-Feng Wei Tsung-Ming Yang Chou-Chin Lan Cheng-Yi Wang Chih-Bin Lin Ming-Shian Lin Yao-Tung Wang Ching-Hsiung Lin Shih-Feng Liu Meng-Hsuan Cheng Yen-Fu Chen Chung-Kan Peng Ming-Cheng Chan Ching-Yi Chen Lun-Yu Jao Ya-Hui Wang Chi-Jui Chen Shih-Pin Chen Yi-Hsuan Tsai Shih-Lung Cheng Horng-Chyuan Lin Jung-Yien Chien Hao-Chien Wang Wu-Huei Hsu Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan. wcchengdr@***. Critical Medical Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan. wcchengdr@***. School of Medicine College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan. wcchengdr@***. Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch Hsin-Chu Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan. Division of Thoracic Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan. Department of Thoracic Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan Taiwan. College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan. Division of Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine E-Da Cancer Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung Taiwan. School of Medicine for International Students College of Medicine I-Shou University Kaohsiung Taiwan. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Taiwan. Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation New Taipei City Taiwan Republic of China. Department of Internal Medicine Cardinal Tien Hospital and School of Medicine College of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan. Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhi

BACKGROUND:Our study aimed to confirm a simplified radiological scoring system, derived from a modified Reiff score, to evaluate its relationship with clinical symptoms and predictive outcomes in taiwanese patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). MeTHODS:This extensive multicenter retrospective study, performed in taiwan, concentrated on patients diagnosed with NCFB verified through high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans. We not only compared the clinical features of various types of bronchiectasis (cylindrical, varicose, and cystic). Furthermore, we established relationships between the severity of clinical factors, including symptom scores, pulmonary function, pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization, exacerbation and admission rates, and HRCT parameters using modified Reiff scores. ReSULTS:Data from 2,753 patients were classified based on HRCT patterns (cylindrical, varicose, and cystic) and severity, assessed by modified Reiff scores (mild, moderate, and severe). With increasing HRCT severity, a significant correlation was found with decreased forced expiratory volume in the first second (FeV1) (p < 0.001), heightened clinical symptoms (p < 0.001), elevated pathogen colonization (pseudomonas aeruginosa) (p < 0.001), and an increased annual hospitalization rate (p < 0.001). In the following multivariate analysis, elderly age, pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia, and hospitalizations per year emerged as the only independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION:Based on our large cohort study, the simplified CT scoring system (Reiff score) can serve as a useful adjunct to clinical factors in predicting disease severity and prognosis among taiwanese patients with NCFB.

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A study of Galactic Plane Planck Galactic Cold Clumps observed by SCOPe and the JCMT Plane Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： eden, D.J. Liu, Tie Moore, T.J.T. Di Francesco, J. Fuller, G. Kim, Kee-Tae Li, Di Liu, S.-Y. Plume, R. Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Thompson, M.A. Wu, Y. Bronfman, L. Butner, H.M. Currie, M.J. Garay, G. Goldsmith, P.F. Hirano, N. Johnstone, D. Juvela, M. Lai, S.-P. Lee, C.W. Mannfors, e.e. Olguin, F. Pattle, K. Park, Geumsook Polychroni, D. Rawlings, M. Rigby, A.J. Sanhueza, P. Traficante, A. Urquhart, J.S. Weferling, B. White, G.J. Yadav, R.K. Armagh Observatory and Planetarium College Hill ArmaghBT61 9DB United Kingdom Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai200030 China Astrophysics Research Institute Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool Science Park iC2 146 Brownlow Hill. LiverpoolL3 5RF United Kingdom NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics 5071 West Saanich Rd VictoriaBCV9E 2E7 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8W 2Y2 Canada Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics School of Physics and Astronomy The University of Manchester Oxford Road ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejon34055 Korea Republic of 217 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100012 China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Science Nanjing210008 China Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Nobeyama Radio Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences Nobeyama Minamimaki Minamisaku Nagano384-1305 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom Department of Astronomy Peking University Beijing100871 China Astronomy Department Universidad de Chile Casilla 36-D Santiago Chile Department of Physics and Astronomy James Madison University MSC 4502 901 Carrier Drive HarrisonburgVA22807 United States RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot OxfordshireOX11 0QX United Kingdom East Asian Observatory

We have investigated the physical properties of Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) located in the Galactic Plane, using the JCMT Plane Survey (JPS) and the SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar evolution (SCOPe) survey. By utilising a suite of molecular-line surveys, velocities and distances were assigned to the compact sources within the PGCCs, placing them in a Galactic context. The properties of these compact sources show no large-scale variations with Galactic environment. Investigating the star-forming content of the sample, we find that the luminosity-to-mass ratio (L/M) is an order of magnitude lower than in other Galactic studies, indicating that these objects are hosting lower levels of star formation. Finally, by comparing ATLASGAL sources that are associated or are not associated with PGCCs, we find that those associated with PGCCs are typically colder, denser, and have a lower L/M ratio, hinting that PGCCs are a distinct population of Galactic Plane sources. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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The ALMA-QUARKS Survey: II. the ACA 1.3 mm continuum source catalog and the assembly of dense gas in massive star-forming clumps

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Fengwei Wang, Ke Liu, Tie Zhu, Lei Garay, Guido Liu, Xunchuan Goldsmith, Paul Zhang, Qizhou Sanhueza, Patricio Qin, Shengli He, Jinhua Juvela, Mika Tej, Anandmayee Liu, Hongli Li, Shanghuo Morii, Kaho Zhang, Siju Zhou, Jianwen Stutz, Amelia evans, Neal J. Kee-Tae, Kim Liu, Shengyuan Mardones, Diego Li, Guangxing Bronfman, Leonardo Tatematsu, Kenichi Lee, Chang Won Lu, Xing Mai, Xiaofeng Jiao, Sihan Chibueze, James O. Su, Keyun Tóth, L. Viktor Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai200030 China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Las Condes Santiago7591245 Chile Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Tokyo Mitaka181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Tokyo Mitaka181-8588 Japan School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Kunming650091 China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 396 Yangfangwang Guandu District Kunming650216 China Department of Physics University of Helsinki PO Box 64 HelsinkiFI-00014 Finland Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Kerala Thiruvananthapuram695 547 India Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Knigstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 Bonn53121 Germany Departamento de Astronoma Universidad de Concepcion Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile Department of Astronomy The University of Texas AustinTX78712-1205 United States Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Roosevelt Road Taipei10617 Taiwan South-Western Institute for Astronomy

Leveraging the high resolution, sensitivity, and wide frequency coverage of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), the QUARKS survey, standing for 'Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures', is observing 139 massive star-forming clumps at ALMA Band 6 (λ ∼ 1.3 mm). This paper introduces the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) 7-m data of the QUARKS survey, describing the ACA observations and data reduction. Combining multi-wavelength data, we provide the first edition of QUARKS atlas, offering insights into the multiscale and multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) in high-mass star formation. The ACA 1.3 mm catalog includes 207 continuum sources that are called ACA sources. Their gas kinetic temperatures are estimated using three formaldehyde transitions with a non-LTe radiation transfer model, and the mass and density are derived from a dust emission model. The ACA sources are massive (16-84 percentile values of 6-160 M☉), gravity-dominated (M ∝ R1.1) fragments within massive clumps, with supersonic turbulence (M > 1) and embedded star-forming protoclusters. We find a linear correlation between the masses of the fragments and the massive clumps, with a ratio of 6% between the two. When considering the fragments as representative of dense gas, the ratio indicates a dense gas fraction (DGF) of 6%, although with a wide scatter ranging from 1% to 10%. If we consider the QUARKS massive clumps to be what is observed at various scales, then the size-independent DGF indicates a self-similar fragmentation or collapsing mode in protocluster formation. With the ACA data over four orders of magnitude of luminosity-to-mass ratio (L/M), we find that the DGF increases significantly with L/M, which indicates clump evolutionary stage. We observed a limited fragmentation at the subclump scale, which can be explained by dynamic global collapse process. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Kinematics

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Relative Alignments Between Magnetic Fields, Velocity Gradients, and Dust emission Gradients in NGC 1333

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Michael Chun-Yuan Fissel, Laura M. Sadavoy, Sarah I. Rosolowsky, erik Doi, Yasuo Arzoumanian, Doris Bastien, Pierre Coudé, Simon Di Francesco, James Friesen, Rachel Furuya, Ray S. Hwang, Jihye Inutsuka, Shu-Ichiro Johnstone, Doug Karoly, Janik Kwon, Jungmi Kwon, Woojin Le Gouellec, Valentin J.M. Liu, Hong-Li Mairs, Steve Onaka, Takashi Pattle, Kate Rawlings, Mark G. Tahani, Mehrnoosh Tamura, Motohide Wang, Jia-Wei Department of Physics Engineering Physics and Astronomy Queen’s University KingstonONK7L 3N6 Canada Department of Physics University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2E1 Canada Department of Earth Science and Astronomy The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro Tokyo153-8902 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Osawa 2-21-1 Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Université de Montréal Département de Physique 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux MontréalQCH2V 0B3 Canada Department of Earth Environment and Physics Worcester State University WorcesterMA01602 United States Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics 5071 West Saanich Rd VictoriaBCV9E 2E7 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8P 5C2 Canada David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George Street TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences Tokushima University Minami Jousanajima-machi 1-1 Tokushima770-8502 Japan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of University of Science and Technology Korea 217 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya464-8602 Japan Jeremiah Horrocks Institute University of Central Lancashire PrestonPR1 2HE United Kingdom Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Earth Science Education Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of NASA Ames Research Center Space Science and Astrobiology Division M.S. 245-6 Moffett FieldCA94035 United States NASA Postdoc

Magnetic fields play an important role in shaping and regulating star formation in molecular clouds. Here, we present one of the first studies examining the relative orientations between magnetic (B) fields and the dust emission, gas column density, and velocity centroid gradients on the 0.02 pc (core) scales, using the BISTRO and VLA+GBT observations of the NGC 1333 star-forming clump. We quantified these relative orientations using the Project Rayleigh Statistic (PRS) and found preferential global parallel alignment between the B field and dust emission gradients, consistent with large-scale studies with Planck. No preferential global alignments, however, are found between the B field and velocity gradients. Local PRS calculated for subregions defined by either dust emission or velocity coherence further revealed that the Bfield does not preferentially align with dust emission gradients in most emission-defined subregions, except in the warmest ones. The velocity-coherent structures, on the other hand, also showed no preferred B field alignments with velocity gradients, except for one potentially bubble-compressed region. Interestingly, the velocity gradient magnitude in NGC 1333 ubiquitously features prominent ripple-like structures that are indicative of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves. Finally, we found B field alignments with the emission gradients to correlate with dust temperature and anticorrelate with column density, velocity dispersion, and velocity gradient magnitude. The latter two anticorrelations suggest that alignments between gas structures and B fields can be perturbed by physical processes that elevate velocity dispersion and velocity gradients, such as infall, accretions, and MHD waves. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Plasma magnetohydrodynamic waves

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The ALMA Survey of 70 μm Dark High-mass Clumps in early Stages (ASHeS). IX. Physical Properties and Spatial Distribution of Cores in IRDCs

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Astrophysical Journal 2023年第2期950卷 148-148页

作者： Morii, Kaho Sanhueza, Patricio Nakamura, Fumitaka Zhang, Qizhou Sabatini, Giovanni Beuther, Henrik Lu, Xing Li, Shanghuo Garay, Guido Jackson, James M. Olguin, Fernando A. Tafoya, Daniel Tatematsu, Ken’ichi Izumi, Natsuko Sakai, Takeshi Silva, Andrea Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street Cambridge 02138 MA United States INAF—Istituto di Radioastronomia—Italian node of the ALMA Regional Centre (It-ARC) Via Gobetti 101 Bologna I-40129 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 Firenze I-50125 Italy Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Konigstuhl 17 Heidelberg D-69117 Germany Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai 200030 China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Chile Las Condes Santiago 7550000 Chile Green Bank Observatory 155 Observatory Rd Green Bank 24944 WV United States Institute of Astronomy Department of physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology Onsala Space Observatory Onsala SE-439 92 Sweden Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building No.1 Section 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan

The initial conditions found in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) provide insights on how high-mass stars and stellar clusters form. We have conducted high-angular resolution and high-sensitivity observations toward thirty-nine massive IRDC clumps, which have been mosaicked using the 12 and 7 m arrays from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The targets are 70 μm dark massive (220-4900 M _⊙), dense (>10⁴ cm⁻³), and cold (∼10-20 K) clumps located at distances between 2 and 6 kpc. We identify an unprecedented number of 839 cores, with masses between 0.05 and 81 M _⊙ using 1.3 mm dust continuum emission. About 55% of the cores are low-mass (<1 M _⊙), whereas ≲1% (7/839) are high-mass (≳27 M _⊙). We detect no high-mass prestellar cores. The most massive cores (MMC) identified within individual clumps lack sufficient mass to form high-mass stars without additional mass feeding. We find that the mass of the MMCs is correlated with the clump surface density, implying denser clumps produce more massive cores. There is no significant mass segregation except for a few tentative detections. In contrast, most clumps show segregation once the clump density is considered instead of mass. Although the dust continuum emission resolves clumps in a network of filaments, some of which consist of hub-filament systems, the majority of the MMCs are not found in the hubs. Our analysis shows that high-mass cores and MMCs have no preferred location with respect to low-mass cores at the earliest stages of high-mass star formation. © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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The eleven-item Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST-11): Cross-cultural psychometric evaluation across 42 countries

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Journal of Psychiatric Research 2023年第1期165卷 16-27页

作者： Lee, Chih-Ting Lin, Chung-Ying Koós, Mónika Nagy, Léna Kraus, Shane W. Demetrovics, Zsolt Potenza, Marc N. Ballester-Arnal, Rafael Batthyány, Dominik Bergeron, Sophie Billieux, Joël Burkauskas, Julius Cárdenas-López, Georgina Carvalho, Joana Castro-Calvo, Jesús Chen, Lijun Ciocca, Giacomo Corazza, Ornella Csako, Rita I. Fernandez, David P. Fernandez, elaine F. Fujiwara, Hironobu Fuss, Johannes Gabrhelík, Roman Gewirtz-Meydan, Ateret Gjoneska, Biljana Gola, Mateusz Grubbs, Joshua B. Hashim, Hashim T. Islam, Md. Saiful Ismail, Mustafa Jiménez-Martínez, Martha Jurin, Tanja Kalina, Ondrej Klein, Verena Költő, András Lee, Sang-Kyu Lewczuk, Karol Lochner, Christine López-Alvarado, Silvia Lukavská, Kateřina Mayta-Tristán, Percy Milea, Ionut Miller, Dan J. Orosová, Oľga Orosz, Gábor Ponce, Fernando P. Quintana, Gonzalo R. Garzola, Gabriel C.Quintero Ramos-Diaz, Jano Rigaud, Kévin Rousseau, Ann Scanavino, Marco De Tubino Schulmeyer, Marion K. Sharan, Pratap Shibata, Mami Shoib, Sheikh Sigre-Leirós, Vera Sniewski, Luke Spasovski, Ognen Steibliene, Vesta Stein, Dan J. Strizek, Julian Ünsal, Berk C. Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie-Pier Van Hout, Marie Claire Bőthe, Beáta Department of Family Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Institute of Allied Health Sciences College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Biostatistics Consulting Center National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Doctoral School of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Institute of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Psychology University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas NV United States Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming University of Gibraltar Gibraltar Gibraltar Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling Wethersfield CT United States Departmento de Psicología Básica Clínica y Psicobiología University Jaume I of Castellón Spain Institute for Behavioural Addictions Sigmund Freud University Vienna Austria Département de Psychologie Université de Montréal Montréal Canada Institute of Psychology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Center for Excessive Gambling Addiction Medicine Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine Neuroscience Institute Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Lithuania Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory School of Psychology National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico William James Center for Research Departamento de Educação e Psicologia Universidade de Aveiro CPUP: Center for Psychology at Porto University Aveiro Portugal Department of Personality Assessment and Psychological Treatments University of Valencia Spain Department of Psychology College of Humanity and Social Science Fuzhou University China Section of Sexual Psychopathology Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy Department of Clinical Pharmaceuti

The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is an instrument to screen substance-use-related health risks. However, little is known whether the ASSIST could be further shortened while remaining psychometrically sound across different countries, languages, gender identities, and sexual-orientation-based groups. The study aimed to validate a shortened 11-item ASSIST (ASSIST-11). Using the International Sex Survey data, 82,243 participants (M _age = 32.39 years) across 42 countries and 26 languages completed questions from the ASSIST-11 regarding gender identity, sexual orientation, and other information. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multigroup CFA (MGCFA) evaluated the ASSIST-11's structure and tested measurement invariance across groups. Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω were used to examine the internal consistency. Cohen's d and independent t-tests were used to examine known-group validity. The ASSIST-11 was unidimensional across countries, languages, age groups, gender identities (i.e., men, women, and gender-diverse individuals), and sexual orientations (i.e., heterosexual and sexual minority individuals). Cronbach's α was 0.63 and McDonald's ω was 0.68 for the ASSIST-11. Known-group validity was supported by Cohen's d (range between 0.23 and 0.40) with significant differences (p-values<0.001). The ASSIST-11 is a modified instrument with a unidimensional factor structure across different languages, age groups, countries, gender identities, and sexual orientations. The low internal consistency of the ASSIST-11 might be acceptable as it assesses a broad concept (i.e., use of several different substances). Healthcare providers and researchers may use the ASSIST-11 to quickly assess substance-use information from general populations and evaluate the need to follow up with more detailed questions about substance use. © 2023 elsevier Ltd

关键词： Addictive behaviors Cross-cultural study Factor structure Measurement invariance Psychometrics

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Global cross-cultural validation of a brief measure for identifying potential suicide risk in 42 countries

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Public Health 2024年 229卷 13-23页

作者： Gewirtz-Meydan, A. Koós, M. Nagy, L. Kraus, S.W. Demetrovics, Z. Potenza, M.N. Ballester-Arnal, R. Batthyány, D. Bergeron, S. Billieux, J. Burkauskas, J. Cárdenas-López, G. Carvalho, J. Castro-Calvo, J. Chen, L. Ciocca, G. Corazza, O. Csako, R. Fernandez, D.P. Fujiwara, H. Fernandez, e.F. Fuss, J. Gabrhelík, R. Gjoneska, B. Gola, M. Grubbs, J.B. Hashim, H.T. Islam, M.S. Ismail, M. Jiménez-Martínez, M.C. Jurin, T. Kalina, O. Klein, V. Költő, A. Lee, S.-K. Lewczuk, K. Lin, C.-Y. Lochner, C. López-Alvarado, S. Lukavská, K. Mayta-Tristán, P. Miller, D.J. Orosová, O. Orosz, G. Ponce, F.P. Quintana, G.R. Quintero Garzola, G.C. Ramos-Diaz, J. Rigaud, K. Rousseau, A. De Tubino Scanavino, M. Schulmeyer, M.K. Sharan, P. Shibata, M. Shoib, S. Sigre-Leirós, V. Sniewski, L. Spasovski, O. Steibliene, V. Stein, D.J. Strong, C. Ünsal, B.C. Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P. Van Hout, M.C. Bőthe, B. School of Social Work Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences University of Haifa Israel Institute of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany Doctoral School of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Psychology University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas NV United States Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming University of Gibraltar Gibraltar Gibraltar Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling Wethersfield CT United States Departmento de Psicología Básica Clínica y Psicobiología University Jaume I of Castellón Spain Institute for Behavioural Addictions Sigmund Freud University Vienna Austria Département de Psychologie Université de Montréal Montréal Canada Institute of Psychology University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Center for Excessive Gambling Addiction Medicine Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV) Lausanne Switzerland Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine Neuroscience Institute Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Lithuania Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory School of Psychology National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico William James Center for Research Departamento de Educação e Psicologia Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal Department of Personality Assessment and Psychological Treatments University of Valencia Spain Department of Psychology College of Humanity and Social Science Fuzhou University China Section of Sexual Psychopathology Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences University of Hertfordshire United Kingdom Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science University of Trento Italy Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Z

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the P4 suicide screener in a multinational sample. The primary goal was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale and investigate its convergent validity by analyzing its correlation with depression, anxiety, and substance use. Study design: The study design is a cross-sectional self-report study conducted across 42 countries. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-report study was conducted in 42 countries, with a total of 82,243 participants included in the final data set. Results: The study provides an overview of suicide ideation rates across 42 countries and confirms the structural validity of the P4 screener. The findings indicated that sexual and gender minority individuals exhibited higher rates of suicidal ideation. The P4 screener showed adequate reliability, convergence, and discriminant validity, and a cutoff score of 1 is recommended to identify individuals at risk of suicidal behavior. Conclusions: The study supports the reliability and validity of the P4 suicide screener across 42 diverse countries, highlighting the importance of using a cross-cultural suicide risk assessment to standardize the identification of high-risk individuals and tailoring culturally sensitive suicide prevention strategies. © 2024 The Royal Society for Public Health

关键词： Assessment Cross-cultural Suicide Validation

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