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Dynamic Analysis of Uniformity and Difference for Grid-following and Grid-forming Voltage Source Converters Using Phasor and Topological Homology Methods

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2025年第1期13卷 3-14页

作者： Haiyu Zhao Hongyu Zhou Wei Yao Qihang Zong Jinyu Wen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Grid-following voltage source converter(GFLVSC)and grid-forming voltage source converter(GFM-VSC)have different dynamic characteristics for active power-frequency and reactive power-voltage supports of the power *** paper aims to clarify and recognize the difference between gridfollowing(GFL)and grid-forming(GFM)frequency-voltage support more intuitively and ***,the phasor model considering circuit constraints is established based on the port circuit equations of the *** is revealed that the voltage and active power linearly correspond to the horizontal and vertical axes in the phasor space referenced to the grid voltage ***,based on topological homology,GFL and GFM controls are transformed and mapped into different *** topological similarity of the characteristic curves for GFL and GFM controls is the essential cause of their *** on the above model,it is indicated that GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC possess uniformity with regard to active power response,type of coupling,and phasor *** differ in synchronization,power coupling mechanisms,dynamics,and active power-voltage operation domain in the quasi-steady *** studies are undertaken on GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC integrated into a four-machine two-area *** results verify that the dynamic uniformity and difference of GFL-VSC and GFM-VSC are intuitively and comprehensively revealed.

关键词： Renewable energy grid-following converter grid-forming converter phasor method topological homology

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Improvement and correction for transverse emittance diagnosis based on Q-scanning techniques

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 1-11页

作者： Yi-Feng Zeng Hao Hu Tong-Ning Hu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Precise transverse emittance assessment in electron beams is crucial for advancing high-brightness beam *** opposed to intricate methodologies that use specialized devices,quadrupole focusing strength scanning(Q-scanning)techniques offer notable advantages for various injectors owing to their inherent convenience and ***,their stringent approximation conditions lead to inevitable errors in practical operation,thereby limiting their widespread *** study addressed these challenges by revisiting the analytical derivation procedure and investigating the effects of the underlying approximation *** corrections were explored through a combination of data processing analysis and numerical ***,based on theoretical derivations,virtual measurements using beam dynamics calculations were employed to evaluate the correction *** experimental validations were performed at the Huazhong University of Science and technology injector to verify the effectiveness of the proposed compensation *** the virtual and experimental results confirm the feasibility and reliability of the enhanced Q-scanning-based diagnosis for transverse emittance in typical beam injectors operating under common *** the integration of these corrections and compensations,enhanced Q-scanning-based techniques emerge as promising alternatives to traditional emittance diagnosis methods.

关键词： Beam diagnostics Transverse emittance Q-scanning technique Beam injector

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Distributed Stochastic Scheduling of Massive Backup Batteries in Cellular Networks for Operational Reserve and Frequency Support Ancillary Services

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 393-404页

作者： Kun Li Jiakun Fang Xiaomeng Ai Shichang Cui Rongkang Zhao Jinyu Wen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China IEEE

Base station(BS)backup batteries(BSBBs),with their dispatchable capacity,are potential demand-side resources for future power *** enhance the power supply reliability and post-contingency frequency security of power systems,we propose a two-stage stochastic unit commitment(UC)model incorporating operational reserve and post-contingency frequency support provisions from massive BSBBs in cellular networks,in which the minimum backup energy demand is considered to ensure BS power supply *** energy,operational reserve,and frequency support ancillary services are co-optimized to handle the power balance and post-contingency frequency security in both forecasted and stochastic variable renewable energy(VRE)***,we propose a dedicated and scalable distributed optimization framework to enable autonomous optimizations for both dispatching center(DC)and *** BS model parameters are stored and processed locally,while only the values of BS decision variables are required to upload to DC under the proposed distributed optimization framework,which safeguards BS privacy *** studies on a modified IEEE 14-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in promoting VRE accommodation,ensuring post-contingency frequency security,enhancing operational economics,and fully utilizing BSBBs'energy and power ***,the proposed distributed optimization framework has been validated to converge to a feasible solution with near-optimal performance within limited ***,numerical results on the Guangdong 500 kV provincial power system in China verify the scalability and practicality of the proposed distributed optimization framework.

关键词： Base station backup battery operational reserve frequency security distributed optimization privacy

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Electric Network Stimulation-Response Relationship and Its Characteristics under Time-Varying Amplitude and Frequency

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2025年第3期61卷 4847-4861页

作者： Sun, Rongxin Yang, Hui He, Wei Yuan, Xiaoming Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan430074 China

The process that, the equipment regulates internal voltage's amplitude and frequency (A\F) to generate changes in the electric network terminal power, plays a critical role in determining a power system's dynamic behavior. Traditional system analysis relies on the "quasi-steady state"assumption of constant frequency to investigate the network, and the results are often reasonable due to the network's time constant being fast enough compared to the internal voltage dynamics. However, the increasing integration of converter-interfaced equipment with fast A\F dynamics raises concerns about the network's power variations concerning the A\F, including the characteristics of potentially impacting power system dynamics. To address these concerns, this paper emphasizes the demands for analyzing the network's stimulation-response relationships under the dynamic practice of time-varying A\F. It provides a generalized method to establish explicit expressions for the original stimulation-response relationship of the network. On this basis, the dynamic characteristics potentially impacting the system dynamic processes are analyzed and elaborated. In addition, this paper identifies differences in the system's dynamic behaviors that may arise from commonly used static network relationships, even for system electromechanical dynamics. This work aims to lay the foundation for further understanding of the physics and analytics of the network under the equipment-regulated time-varying A\F. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electric network analysis

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Effect of gas components on the postdischarge temporal behavior of OH and O of a non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma driven by nanosecond voltage pulses

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第5期26卷 72-81页

作者：王兰萍聂兰兰卢新培 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

OH radicals and O atoms are two of the most important reactive species of non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma(NAPP),which plays an important role in applications such as plasma ***,experimental studies on how the gas content affects the postdischarge temporal evolutions of OH and O in the noble gas ns-NAPP are very *** this work,the effect of the percentages of O_(2),N_(2),and H_(2)O on the amounts of OH and O productions and their post-discharge temporal behaviors in ns-NAPP is investigated by laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)*** results show that the productions of OH and O increase and then decrease with the increase of O_(2)*** OH and O densities reach their maximum when about 0.8%O_(2)is *** increase of the O_(2)concentration results in a decrease of the initial densities of both OH and O,and leads to their faster *** increase of N_(2)percentage also results in the increase and then decrease of the OH and O densities,but the change is ***,when the H_(2)O concentration is increased from 100 to 3000 ppm,the initial OH density increases slightly,but the OH density decays much faster,while the initial density of O decreases with the increase of the H_(2)O *** analysis,it is found that OH and O are mainly produced through electron collisional dissociation.O(^(1)D)is critical for OH generation.O_(3)accelerates the consumption processes of OH and O at high O_(2)*** addition of H_(2)O in the NAPP considerably enhances the electronegativity,while it decreases the overall plasma reactivity,accelerates the decay of OH,and reduces the O atom density.

关键词： O atom OH radical post-discharge temporal behavior laser-induced fluorescence

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Insulator defect detection under extreme weather based on synthetic weather algorithm and improved YOLOv7

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High Voltage 2025年第1期10卷 69-77页

作者： Yong Yang Shuai Yang Chuan Li Yunxuan Wang Xiaoqian Pi Yuxin Lu Ruohan Wu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and ElectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company ChangshaChina

Efficient and accurate insulator defect detection is essential for maintaining the safe and stable operation of transmission ***,the detection effectiveness is adversely impacted by complex and changeable environmental backgrounds,particularly under extreme weather that elevates accident ***,this research proposes a high-precision intelligent strategy based on the synthetic weather algorithm and improved YOLOv7 for detecting insulator defects under extreme *** proposed meth-odology involves augmenting the dataset with synthetic rain,snow,and fog algorithm ***,the original dataset undergoes augmentation through affine and colour transformations to improve model's generalisation performance under complex power inspection *** achieve higher recognition accuracy in severe weather,an improved YOLOv7 algorithm for insulator defect detection is proposed,integrating focal loss with SIoU loss function and incorporating an optimised decoupled head *** results indicate that the synthetic weather algorithm processing significantly improves the insulator defect detection accuracy under extreme weather,increasing the mean average precision by 2.4%.Furthermore,the authors’improved YOLOv7 model achieves 91.8%for the mean average precision,outperforming the benchmark model by 2.3%.With a detection speed of 46.5 frames per second,the model meets the requirement of real-time detection of insulators and their defects during power inspection.

关键词： weather extreme algorithm

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Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Bi-layer Optimal Scheduling for Microgrids Considering Flexible Load Control

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第3期9卷 949-962页

作者： Zitong Zhang Jing Shi Wangwang Yang Zhaofang Song Zexu Chen Dengquan Lin the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In this paper,the bi-layer scheduling method for microgrids,based on deep reinforcement learning,is proposed to achieve economic and environmentally friendly ***,considering the uncertainty of renewable energy,the framework of day-ahead and intra-day scheduling is established,and the implementation scheme for both price-based and incentive-based demand response(DR)for the flexible load is ***,comprehensively considering the operating characteristics of the microgrid in the day-ahead and intra-day time scales,a bi-layer scheduling model of the microgrid is *** terms of algorithms,since day-ahead scheduling has no strict requirement for dispatching time,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to optimize the time-of-use electricity price and distributed power output for the next *** the environmental fluctuations and requirements for rapidity of intra-day online scheduling,the deep reinforcement learning(DRL)algorithm is adopted for ***,based on the data from the actual microgrid,the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed scheduling method is *** results show that the proposed bi-layer scheduling based on the PSO and DRL algorithms achieves the optimization of scheduling cost and calculation speed,and is suitable for microgrid online scheduling.

关键词： Bi-layer optimal scheduling demand response deep reinforcement learning microgrid scheduling

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Multi-objective Optimization of Double-D Orthogonal Coil in the Underwater Environment

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2025年第3期61卷 4155-4166页

作者： Wang, Fangyong Zhu, Jinwei Sun, Aoni Liu, Bangyin State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

A structural optimization design method of DD orthogonal coil in the seawater environment is introduced in this paper, which is suitable for underwater AUV equipment. The electromagnetic field model considering the effect of the high conductivity of seawater medium is established. The Eddy current equivalent resistance is introduced to characterize the eddy current loss caused by seawater medium. The relationship between eddy current equivalent resistance and DD orthogonal coil structure size is analyzed, and the influence of structure parameters on power transfer efficiency in seawater medium is further pointed out. The analysis results show that the DD orthogonal coil in seawater medium has an extreme point of optimal design when the power transfer efficiency and power transfer density are the optimization objectives. NSGA-II algorithm is used to optimize the structure parameters of the DD orthogonal coil. The coil efficiency is obtained by finite element simulation. Pareto frontier curve under effective constraints. Finally, a 3.3- kW experimental prototype was built to verify the feasibility. The DD orthogonal coil power transfer density is 33.78 kW/m2. The experimental results indicate that the power transfer efficiency of 91.92% is achieved with the power of 2.3kW and transmission distance is 100mm © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Coils Eddy currents Couplings Integrated circuit modeling Analytical models Inductance Electric fields Conductivity Atmospheric modeling Structural engineering

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Rapid system prototype-based physical simulation platforms for power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources

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High Voltage 2025年第1期10卷 3-16页

作者： Wei Yao Yimin Ruan Yuying Chen Hongyu Zhou Jinyu Wen Meng Zhou Wenping Zuo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina GridMind Technology(Wuhan)Co. LtdWuhanChina

The traditional power system dominated by synchronous generators is gradually evolving into a power system with high penetration of inverter-based resources(IBRs).In this paper,the new characteristics that arise from the high penetration of IBRs in power systems are *** light of these characteristics,current simulation technologies are inadequate and new requirements for the simulation platforms have been *** response,this paper introduces the rapid system prototype(RSP)-based physical simu-lation platforms,which include the digital simulator,the rapid prototype controller,and the rapid object-controlled *** addresses the time-consuming and labour-intensive shortcomings of traditional simulation techniques and meets the rapid evolu-tion needs of the power system with high penetration of *** with existing simulation platforms,RSP is a more suitable platform for the physical simulation of power systems with high penetration of *** the modular multilevel converter-based high-voltage direct current as a case study,a novel physical simulation platform for power systems based on RSP is *** results demonstrate that the RSP concept and technology can establish an enterprise-level simulation environment and engineering practice ***,it can provide realistic and flexible simu-lations of various characteristics of power systems with high penetration of IBRs.

关键词： system power inverter

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Designing high-area-loading lithium metal batteries with in-situ polymerized electrolyte featuring gradient molar mass

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 383-392页

作者： Mengjun Sun Zhi Wang Zhe Sheng Xiang Zhen Juhui Jiang Xiaobing Wang Jia Xie School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

In-situ polymerized solid-state lithium metal batteries have garnered significant attention due to their conformal interface contact and continuous pathways for lithium ion（Li+） ***,their electrochemical performance is often hindered by slow Li+transport within high-area-loading *** study presents an in-situ poly（ε-caprolactone） electrolyte with gradient molar mass（iGPCE） through lithium metal anode（LMA）-induced anionic ring-opening *** electrochemical and kinetic analyses reveal that the iGPCE,characterized by low molar mass（M）,significantly enhances Li+diffusion within high-area-loading cathodes and bulk electrolytes,thereby reducing concentration polarization and promoting uniform electrochemical ***,the high M region on LMA side acts as artificial solid electrolyte interphases,stabilizing the stripping and plating of ***,Li//LFP(20 mg cm-2) and Li//NCM622(7.4 mg cm-2) utilizing iGPCE exhibit stable charge/discharge *** study offers a fresh approach to accelerate Li+diffusion kinetics of high-area-loading batteries and suggests broad applicability in other systems.

关键词： Fast Li+ transport kinetics Gradient molar mass High-area-loading cathode In-situ polymerization Lithium metal batteries

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