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Acquisition of the enhanced Maritime Prepositioning Force, MPF(E), Ship

naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第1期111卷 15-26页

作者： Mazumdar, T Sandison, J DuFlocq, R Thpan Mazurndar:is a Deputy Ship Design Manager from Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division. He was the Design Manager for the Engineering and Design Phase ofthe Enhanced Maritime Prepositioning Fme Ship (MPF(E)). Cuwently Mt: M2.zumdar is Deputy Ship Design Manager in NAVSEA 030 for the LHD and LSD classes of ships. Mr. Mazumdar was awarded a BSE in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1981 and an MS in Computer Science fiom Virginia Tech in 1988. He also possesses an International ChiejEngineer License (Motot unlimited). Mr. Mancmdar has been an Associate Member of WAME since 1981. James C. Sandison:is a Senior Ship Design Manager (SDM) for surface ships in the Nawl Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA03D3C). He has a long tem practical background in design construction and testing of surface ships. Starting in NAVSEC as a diving and salvage systems engineer for the Bathyscaph TRIESTE he has been involved with most ofthe Nays Mine Warfare and Auxiliary ships from naval architect to the present Senior Ship Design Manager for the Strategic Sealift Program. Mr: Sandison entered the U.S. Navy in 1956 in the (diesel) Submarine Service. Afterward he “went to sea in sailing ships and completed an apprenticeship as a wooden shipbuildex. In 1971 he graduated from the University of Michigan with a BSE in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering and was employed by NAVSEC. His latest additional duties have been as engineering coordinator on board the USS CONSTITUTION for her 200th anniversary sail. Mr. Sandison is a member of SNAME ASNE and the U.S. Naval Institute. Rick DuFlocq has over 24 years of combined project management mechanical system and general awangmmt design and design documentation experience the last 14 years urith Advance Marine Enterprises (AME). He has fmjmned this wurk on a wide variety of ships and auxiliary crafl including submarines primarily for the U.S. Navy and the Military Sealift Command (MSC). He has worked for both shiprards and marine eng

The paper will describe the streamlined acquisition process involved in the procurement, and conversion, of the first two of three Enhanced Maritime Prepositioning Force (MPF(E)) ships. This program was one of the first programs undertaken within the Government's new policy of Acquisition Reform, which resulted in the development of "performance based" requirements for these ships. This program is notable in that one prime contractor is responsible for the accomplishment of all phases, and that the contractors participating were not shipyards as is usually the fashion for Government ship acquisition programs. Also of note, was that after the conversion contracts were awarded, responsibility for the conduct of detail design, conversion, and operation and maintenance of the ship was transferred from the NAVSEA Sealift program Office (PMS 385) to the Military Sealift Command (MSC). The first part of the paper will describe the basic mission of the MPF(E) ships, and a description of the origin of the program requirements. The second part of the paper will chronicle in detail the portions of the engineering design and specification development process, which will include descriptions of the unique digital data recording and tracking systems developed by the Government MPF(E) Design Support Team to support the acquisition phases of the procurement. The third and final part of the paper will elaborate on the conversion contract awards and the transition of the program from PMS 385 to MSC.

关键词： naval vessels

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The Deepwater Project - A sea of change for the USCoast Guard

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 125-131页

作者： Anderson, M Burton, D Palmquist, MS Watson, JM Lieutenant Commander Michael Anderson:serves as the Communications Director for the Coast Guard's Deepwater Project. He has an extensive background in electronic systems with previous work experience including–lead electronics design engineer for the Coast Guard's new HEALY icebreaker supervisor of west coast shipboard electronics projects and Commanding Officer of a regional electronics support command. LCdr. Anderson holds a BS degree in electrical engineering from the Coast Guard Academy MS degrees in electrical engineering and engineering management from Northeastern University and recently received an MS in the management of technology from MIT. Diane Burton:is Surface Technical Director for the U.S. Coast Guard Deepwater Project. Previously she worked as a senior Naval architect in the Hull Form and Hydrodynamics Division of the Naval Sea Systems Command. She has worked for several years on the hydrodynamics of a variety of ship classes with the U.S. Navy U.S. Coast Guard and NOAA. She was responsible for surface ship developments and small combatant stability updates which include the following tasks: Hull Form Design System (HFDS) upgrades Integrated Computation Design Environment Database development for NAVSEA's Hydrodynamics/Hydroacoustics Technology Center Cooperative Research Navies international program for the development for dynamic stability criteria and FFG/DDG class stability. She has a BSE and MSE from the University of Michigan in naval architecture and marine engineering and is presently pursuing a masters of engineering management from George Washington University specializing in systems engineering technology insertion and project management. Commander M. Steven Palmquist:is the Deepwater Project's Assistant Project Manager for C4ISR. A Registered Prokssional Engineer he received an MSEE from the Naval Postgraduate School in 1988. He did undergraduate work in naval architecture at the University of Michigan and is also a graduate of the National Test Pilot School's Avionics Tes

The United States Coast Guard has embarked on the most ambitious modernization and recapitalization project in the service's history. The Deepwater Capabilities Replacement Project, which is simply referred to as Deepwater, is unique in that it comprises the acquisition of an entire integrated "System-of-Systems'': surface, air, (CISR)-I-4 (command, control, communications, computers, information, surveillance & reconnaissance), and logistics facilities. This "System of Systems" approach will enable the Coast Guard to acquire the optimal mix of fully supportable assets, to effectively and efficiently perform all of its Deepwater missions well into the next century.

关键词： naval warfare

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Probabilistic risk analysis of diesel power generators onboard ships

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 35-58页

作者： Ayyub, BM Karaszewski, ZJ Wade, M Bilal M. Ayyub.:is a Professor of Civil Enginnering and the Director of the Center for Technology and Systems Management at the University of Maryland (College Park). He is also a researcher and consultant in the areas of structural engineering inspection methods and practices reliability and risk analysis. He completed his B.S. degree in civil engineering in 1980 and completed both the M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Dr. Ayyub has an extensive background in uncertainty modeling and marine structural reliability marine structures uncertainty modeling and anaylsis and mathematical medeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. He has completed several research projects that were funded by the NSF USCG USN the USACE ASME and several engineering companies. Dr. Ayyub served the engineering community in various capacities through societies that include ASNE ASCE ASME SNAME IEEECS and NAFIPS. He is the authour and co-author of about 250 publications in journals and conference proceedings and reports. His publications include edited books textbooks and book chapters. Dr. Ayyub is the only double recipient of the ASNE “Jimmie” Hamilton Award for the best papers in the Naval Engineers Journal in 1985 and 1992. Also he received the ASCE “Outstanding Research Oriented Paper” in the Journal of Walter L. Huber Research Prize in 1997 and the K.S. Fu Award of NAFIPS in 1995. He is a registered Professional Engineer (PE) with the State of Maryland. Zbigniew J. Karaszewski:is the Associate Director of the University of Maryland's Center for Technology and Systems Management and technical director of the Center for Maritime Leadership. He is a Systems Engineering and Management Consultant specializing in life cycle system support business systems auditing and risk management and loss prevention. Mr. Karasezewski has 30 years of experience in the field of systems performance analysis and management as a practitioner and teacher

In this paper, a methodology and guidelines for applying risk methods in design and operation of maritime systems were developed and demonstrated using a case study of marine diesel generators. The methodology consists of several modules that include system definition based on functional and performance requirements, definition of dependencies among subsystems, data collection and reduction, reliability and risk analyses, and results reduction for use in decision analysis. The methodology was used to assess and analyze typical service diesel generators found onboard ships. The analysis included the generation of cut sets for the overall reliability of the system. The most likely failure scenarios were determined by demonstration as the failure of fuel supply components. The results are consistent with previous findings of the U.S. Coast Guard.

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Using simulation to determine the maneuvering performance of the WAGB-20

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第1期110卷 171-188页

作者： Lecourt, EJ E.J. Lecourt Jr. is a graduate of the USCG Academy. Received MS degrees from MIT in Electrical Engineering and Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. Currently Program Manager at PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Companey. Forty years experience in research design analysis and testing of marine engineering systems with perarticular emphasis on electric propulsion systems. While in the USCG served two years aboard a turbo-electric ship and two years aboard a diesel-electric ship. Member ASNE and SNAME.

The WAGB-20 is a U. S. Coast Guard polar icebreaker with an integrated diesel-electric propulsion system. Power is generated by four main diesel engines driving AC generators. Two main 15,000-HP AC synchronous propulsion motors are directly coupled to the port and starboard propellers. Two cycloconverters provide variable-voltage, variable-frequency power for controlling each propulsion motor. The simulation of the electric propulsion system is being developed to analyze the steady-state and transient performance of the system during open water and icebreaking operations. The objectives of the analysis are to support propulsion plant design, aid in the integration of system components, develop control system algorithms, predict system performance, and determine the requirements for dynamic braking resistors. The analysis consists of mathematical models for the ship, shaft systems, propellers, AC synchronous propulsion motors, motor controllers, cycloconverters, generators, generator exciters, voltage regulators, diesel engines, and engine governors. These models are based on actual machinery data. The WAGB-20 specification requires the propulsion system to have the capability of going from full power ahead to full power astern in open water in 25 seconds or less. This paper presents the simulation results which show that by controlling the regenerative power the crash astern maneuver can be performed to meet this requirement without the need for dynamic braking resistors.

关键词： Icebreakers

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Arsenal ship program certification plan

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第1期110卷 249-261页

作者： Arntson, S Lind, W Turner, JJ Blaiklock, WC Tedesco, M Stephen G. Arntson is an independent consultant. A degree Naval Architect he has over 38 years of experience in the design construction and maintenance of surface ships. His experience includes 28 yeus with the Naval Sea Systems Command Naval Ship Engineering Centerl Bureau of Ships specializing in the structural design of Naval surface ships and 7 years with ABS Specializing in the application of commercial ship design practices. Most recently he worked with both NASSCO and ABS MZ the Arsenal Ship Program. Steve was very active with the Ships Structure Committee in developing R&D programs for ship structure and he is a member of the ASNE Journal Committee. Steve received a BS in Mechanical Engineering (Naval Architecture Option) from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1964. He is a member of the ASNE TAU BETA PI PI TAU SIGMA and PHI KAPPA PHI. William 1. Lind joined ABS in 1992 after ten years with Sparkman and Stephens Inc. He is currently ABS Amekas Manager of Engineering jm New Orleans and Cleveland. Both ofices conduct plan reviews for militavy commercial and private marine craft fm self-propelled vessels under 300 feet in length and bargus unlimited in length. As Vice-Chaimn ojthe Western Rivers Technical Committee Great Lakes Technical Committee and the Small Vessel Committee Bill participated in the writing of the 1997 ABS Guide for Building and Classing High Speed Craft and the 1997 ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels Under 9OM. Bill received an MBA from Florida Atlantic University in 1995 a BS in Mechanical Engineering from New York Institute of Technology in 1986 and a BA in Histoy from Colgate University in 1976. He is Chaimn of SNAME HS-9 Composite Panel Testing & Fire Protection and a member of ASNE. John J. Turner is Senior Vice President of SYNTEK Technologies Inc. in Arlington Virginia. SYNTEK specializes in activities of a highly technical nature supporting both industry and government in domestic and international markets. He is a registered Professional Engineer

The Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA), in conjunction with the U.S. Navy, initiated a research program for the design and construction of a distinctive warship for the 21st century known as the Arsenal Ship. By using an innovative development and acquisition approach it was hoped to streamline the procurement process and reduce costs. In an environment where budgets are being cut, both industry and Government were challenged to develop, design, and produce the innovative ship and related mission systems to meet specific performance capabilities within strict affordability constraints. A key element of this innovative acquisition approach was a new certification scheme designed to replace the traditional test and evaluation (T&E) and acceptance process. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of the certification plan during Phase LI of the Arsenal Ship program by the American Bureau of Shipping and the contending Shipyard teams, and to discuss the potential benefits of this alternative certification approach. Although the Arsenal Ship program was canceled late in 1997, insight derived from the exploration of new certification concepts could benefit future design and building programs.

关键词： Warships

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Application of 3-D nonlinear wave-load and structural-response simulations in naval ship design

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 253-266页

作者： Engle, A Lin, W Salvesen, N Shin, Y Allen H. Engle:is a naval architect in the Hydrodynamic Division of the Naval Sea Systems /Command (NavSea). He received his B.S. degree in engineering scinece from the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1977 and his M.S. degree in ocean engineering from the Unviersity of Hawaii in 1979. Corrently Mr. Engle is the program director of the Navy's Hydrodynamic Loads Technology Development Program. Mr. Engle is Chairman of SNAME Panel on Hull Loadings (HS-1) and contributing member to the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress's Committee on Dynamics. Moei-Min Lin:is a senior research scientist at the Ship technology Division of Sciences Applications International Corporation (SAIC). He received his B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the National Cheng-Kung University Taiwan in 1977 and his Ph.D. degree in ocean engineering from MIT in 1985. He is an expert in computational ship hydrodynamics. He has been the P.I. for development of the Large Amplitude Motions Program (LAMP) system. Nils Salvesen:is the manager of the Ship Technology Division of the Science Application International Corporation (SAIC).He received his B.S. and Ph.D. degree from the Development Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering of the University of Michigan in 1960 and 1966 respectively. He has more then thirty years of experience in the development of ship motion simulation and wave load prediction methods. More than twenty-five years ago he developed the original strip-theory code on which the Navy's ship motions program (SMP) is based. Yung-Sup Shin:is the principal engineer responsible for the hydrodynamic projects in the Research and Development Department of the American Bureau of Shipping New York. He received a Ph.D. degree in hydrodynamic from the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering of the University of Michigan. In the past eighteen years at ABS he has been involved in the theortical development and analysis of various marine hydrodynamic problems. In recent year

Despite the limits inherent within linearized frequency-domain ship motion and wave load computer codes, strip theory has been found to provide the design community with a fairly robust, practical design tool with reasonable accuracy for most conventional displacement monohulls. However, the advent of new design concepts including multi-hulls and application of new materials as well as the push to incorporate reliability methods within surface ship structural design criteria has highlighted the need for more rigorous methods of developing a lifetime load spectrum. In this paper, a multilevel computation system for predicting ship motions and wave loads, up through and including extreme sea conditions, is presented. This system includes a traditional strip theory approach and newly developed linear and nonlinear three-dimensional time-domain methods. The new nonlinear methods are currently in the process of being validated by the U.S. Navy. The status of the current development is presented. Sample numerical results from the new nonlinear methods are compared with both linear frequency domain predictions and model tests.

关键词： naval vessels

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Reliability analysis of transverse stability of surface ships

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 129-140页

作者： Atua, K Ayyub, BM Khaled l. Atua:is a graduate student at the Reliability Engi-neering Program at the University of Maryland at College Park. He completed his B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1988 and completed his M.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1992 at Alexandtia University. He is also a visiting scholar in the Civil Engineering Department at the University ofMaryland at Colkge Park. He is conducting research with Dc Bilal M. Ayyub in the area of develupment of reliability-based design of ship structures and systems. He is a member ofASNE and SNAME. He has authored or coauthored several papers and reports. Bilal M. Ayyub: Ph.D. RE. is aprofssor of civil engineer-ing at the University of Maryland at College Park. He is also a researcher and consultant in the areas of structural engineering inspection methods and practices reliability and risk analysis. Dc Ayyub completed his B.S. degree in civil engineering in 1980 and completed both his M.S. (1981) and Ph.D. (1983) degrees in civil engineering at the Georgia Institute of Echnol-OD. Dc Ayyub has an extensive background in uncertainty modeling and analysis risk-based analysis and design simula-ion and marine structural reliability. He is engaged in research work involving structural reliability marine structures uncer-tainty modeling and analysis and mathematical modeling using the theories of probability statistics and fuzzy sets. He has completed several research projects that were funded by the National Science Foundation the U S. Coast Guard the U.S. Navy the U.S. Department of Defense the U.S. Army crops of Engineers the Maryland State Highway Administration the American Society ofMechanica1 Engineers and several engi-neering companies. Dc Ayyub served the engineering communio in various capacities through societies that include ASNE ASCE ASME SNAME IEEE-CS and NMIPS. He is a member ofthe ASME Research Committee of Risk Ethnology and the ASME Committee on Human Factors. Currently he is the chai

An introduction to a rational development of transverse stability criteria for surface ships is presented in this paper. The development is based on a probabilistic analysis of the uncertainties associated with the design parameters involved in determining the transverse stability. Reliability methods are used for assessing and determining transverse stability of ships. These reliability methods address the uncertainties associated with the basic design variables that are involved in stability assessment and design. The sources of uncertainty in stability variables are presented, uncertainties associated with these basic random variables are summarized, different reliability assessment methods are described, a case study that shows the computation procedure using some of these methods is discussed for illustration purposes, and finally, conclusions and recommendations for further work in this area are presented.

关键词： naval vessels

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Commercial lighting innovations

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 225-229页

作者： Gauthier, E Green, GM Elizabeth Gauthier:graduated from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1983 with a B.E. degree. She began her employment at M. Rosenblatt & Son in Arlington Virginia in the Naval Architecture and Ship Design Department Participating in numerous naval architecture studies and managing the U.S. Coast Guard navigation lights update project. In 1989 Ms Gauthier joined the Naval Sea Systems Command as an engineer in the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Department. While managing the manpower requirements human factors and safety aspects of the AOE 6 AO 177 T-AGOS 13 and MCS 12 she was also responsible for HSI integration of the Women at Sea and Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) projects. In January 1994 she joined the Design integration Department of NSWCO. Since that time she has served as ATC assistant program manager for both habitability and hull systems. Gordon M. Green:spent eleven years in the U.S. Navy as a submarine warfare officer and engineering duty officer. He has been an engineer at Advanced Marine Enterprises a wholly owned subsidiary of Nichols Research Corporation for fifteen years and has been providing support to the Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) project for the past three years.

In our quest for finding ways to reduce the life cycle costs of Navy ships, the Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) project has investigated several commercial lighting innovations. This paper will discuss two particularly noteworthy commercial products that have been selected for further evaluation on board Navy ships: specular reflectors for fluorescent lighting fixtures and the Solar 1000 sulfur light source. Specular reflectors are designed to dramatically increase the amount of light reflected from a fluorescent fixture resulting in one or more of the following benefits: increased task lighting, reduced maintenance and consumable costs (fewer bulbs), reduced acquisition and alteration costs (fewer fixtures), and reduced energy use. Specular reflectors are sized for the specific type of fluorescent fixture and can be designed and formed to provide general or directed task lighting. They are inexpensive and can be installed easily and quickly. The Solar 1000 sulfur light source is the first in a planned family of very bright, energy-efficient, electrodeless lamps using sulfur bombarded by microwaves to produce illumination in a continuous range of wavelengths very close to sunlight. It is ideal for remote source lighting distribution systems such as light tubes and fiber optics. This innovation in lighting has been heralded by the Department of Energy as ''a revolutionary 21st century lighting system.''

关键词： naval vessels

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Joint Logistics Over The Shore operations in rough seas

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 385-393页

作者： Vaughters, TG Mardiros, MF Theodore G. Vaughters:has more than thirty years of engineering and program management experience in the development and testing of material handing hardware systems to transfer cargo from ship-to-shore from ship-to-ship and within both Navy and commercial ships. From 1967 to 1977 he was a supervisory naval architect at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and Mare Island Naval Shipyard. In 1977 he joined his present organization and became office head in 1987. He has received numberous awards including the Meritorious Civilian Service Award for the management of a program which development a Ro/Ro ship offshore unloading facility. His department is currently engaged in a number of RDT&E logistics program which include environmental ligistics Navy logistics modeling and simulation mobile offshore bases sea based logistics strategic sealift joint service ligistics over the shore systems underway replenishment and shipboard cargo handling systems. Martin F. Mardiros:has been working on JLOTS related systems for eight years as a engineer at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division. He has a B.S.E. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan He has participated in numberous JLOTS and JLOTS related exercises since 1988. Mr Mardiros has fielded a evaluation of full scale prototype sea state 3 JLOTS systems for evaluation and demonstration such as the Air Cushion Vehicle Landing Platform (ACVLAP) improved mooring and fendering systems for causeway ferries and motion mitigation sytems for the Roll-On/Roll-Off Discharge Facility. Mr. Mardiros recently headed up the JLOTS Sea State 3 Option Study which is being used by the Navy and Army to develop their JLOTS master plan.

Joint Logistics Over the Shore (JLOTS) operations involve the unloading of ships without the benefit of fixed port facilities. Container ships, roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) ships, break bulk ships, heavy lift ships, and tankers are the most common merchant vessels utilized in JLOTS operations to transport military cargo. A major problem is that the current JLOTS system is inoperative in sea state 3 and greater conditions. When seas build above sea state 3 the motion and relative motion of lighters and ships create extremely dangerous conditions which preclude the movement of cargo. New technology is currently being developed by the Navy, Army and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to improve JLOTS operations. Several new JLOTS subsystems were recently tested as part of an Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) sponsored joint services test and evaluation program called JLOTS III (June 1993). JLOTS III showed that lighters, cargo transfer systems, and personnel do not have the capability or training to perform in sea state 3, as currently required by military doctrine. Subsequent to the JLOTS III testing, a number of R&D innovations have been examined and a Heavy Weather (Sea State 3) JLOTS Options study has been completed. This options study has defined and characterized all the weak links related to heavy weather operations and has identified and/or developed concepts to improve the overall JLOTS operational efficiency. This paper discusses current JLOTS technology development initiatives from a joint services perspective with regard to the following question: Can emerging technology, in combination with improved training and command and control, provide a heavy weather JLOTS capability which is affordable?

关键词： naval warfare

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Modeling and simulation in the sealift program

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第6期108卷 27-39页

作者： Edinberg, D Back, K McVeigh, J David Edinberg is a senior naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises in Arlington Virginia. His experience in ship design includes dynamic analysis of ship's deck systems intact and damaged stability calculations trim and stability support during ship designs and structural design. For the last two years he has led a team of engineers in the dynamic analysis of the sideport ramp system employed on the Navy's new sealift ships. He graduated in 1979 with a B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. Keith Back is a senior engineer with Advanced Marine Enterprises in Arlington Virginia. He is currently the section chief for the Advanced Visualization Group. He has more than ten years experience developing and using CAD models in the ship design environment. For the past two years he has led the development of visualization techniques and models for use in simulations for current ship design programs. He graduated in 1985 with a B.S. degree in aerospace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. USA Lt. Col. Joe McVeigh USA is currently deputy program manager (Army) for PMS 385 the Strategic Sealift Office at NavSea. As the senior U.S. Army officer on staff he is responsible for interfacing with the program's primary customer in addition to his assignment as T&E director. Lt. Col. McVeigh graduated with a B.Sc. from the United States Military Academy in 1978 after which he received his 2nd lieutenant's commission in the U.S. Army Transportation Corps. In 1991 he received M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering and naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. Lt. Col. McVeigh's previous assignments have included: platoon leader/XO 870th Terminal Transfer Company program support officer/XO/contract administrator DLA operations staff officer/Exercise Branch chief. Special Forces Europe company commander 598th Medium Truck Company commander Movement Control Team Mannheim and Army watercraft systems engineer U.S.

The Navy's Sealift program had several unique problems associated with it which have been addressed using innovative modeling and simulation tech niques. These techniques fall under two categories: visualization and dynamic analysis. This paper will discuss the employment of these techniques and the impact their application has had in the program. Also examined will be various difficulties that were encountered in the application of these techniques. Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) visualization tools were used to model the interior Ro/Ro spaces on the four classes of new construction and conversion ships now being procured. These models were employed for vehicle maneuvering simulations, operator familiarization and visualization of the results of an analysis of the loading and unloading of Ro/Ro vehicles. A COTS dynamic analysis system was used to simulate dynamic behavior during the assembly/deplopment and retrieval/disassembly of the side port ramp using the ships' cranes. These analyses supported reviews of design configurations, proposed handling procedures, and in conjunction with extensive post-processing, operability assessments for system operation. In a parallel effort, an interactive crane simulator was developed to support on-going engineering studies, indoctrination, and test and evaluation purposes. Lessons learned have been applied to other activities at the naval Sea Systems Command. Critical areas were the validation and maintenance of up-to-date configuration data for the visual models, adaptive levels of detail to meet the requirements of each study objective, and the need to provide comprehensive documentation of models.

关键词： marine engineering

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