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An investigation of strength degradation due to thickness plate reduction on Ferry Ro-Ro Ship's Hull

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期921卷

作者： A M Nugraha A M U Pawara A Ardianti F Mahmuddin Naval Architecture Program Department of Science Food Technology and Maritime Kalimantan Institute of Technology Balikpapan Indonesia Naval Archirecture Department Engineering Faculty Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia Marine Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia

Old ships will experience a degradation of the structural strength after receiving repeated loads. Decreased strength performance is also caused by structure shape and structural dimensions changes. In steel ships, Dimensional changes will be discovered when the ship is docked, because the material undergo corrosion causing in thinning the shell plate. In this study, a thickness reduction of the shell plate has been simulated to determine the longitudinal response of the ship's structure. A Finite element analysis of ferry Ro-Ro ship's hull was carried out using ANSYS package program. The simulation was carried out to exceed the allowable limit for reducing the thickness plate by the Indonesian Classification Bureau (BKI), which is 20% of the initial plate thickness. Based on simulation result, it was found that an increase of stress at each variation of the reduction in hull plate thickness in hogging and sagging conditions.

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SHIPBOARD DAMAGED STABILITY ASSESSMENT - THE FLOODING CASUALTY CONTROL SOFTWARE

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第3期105卷 152-166页

作者： ZAHN, PB ROSBOROUGH, J CARLSTROM, R Peter B. Zahn:is a section chief in the Naval Architecture Department at Advanced Marine Enterprises. He is responsible for software development and special trials support. He has led the Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) development effort since joining AME in 1989. He is also responsible for the material handling strikedown and stowage (MHS&S) software development program as well as special trials support for the ACVLAP and T-AGOS 19 programs. Prior to joining AME Mr. Zahn spent nine years with various companies of the ARCTEC Group. His experience includes field trials in venues from the Caribbean to the Bering Sea as well as model tests and engineering design and development efforts. Mr. Zahn received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from Webb Institute in 1980 and has published various papers on pollution prevention offshore systems and icebreaker design and performance. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. John Rosborough:has been a naval architect for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) for the past 15 years. He is currently assigned to the Hydrodynamics Division with responsibility for aircraft carrier stability evaluations and as a task leader for computer-aided ship design development. In the Stability Division he was previously responsible for stability analyses on various amphibious ships SWATHs and foreign ships. He manages the upgrade and augmentation of SHCP at NavSea and is the Navy's technical point of contact for evaluating shipboard stability software and transitioning technology to the fleet. Mr. Rosborough received his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan in 1977. He is a member of USNI and the Association of Scientists and Engineers at NavSea. Richard Carlstrom:is a naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises. He has been responsible for software development in support of a variety of major programs including FCCS and SHCP and is a specialist in stability evaluations for complex ships such as CVs CVNs

The Flooding Casualty Control Software (FCCS) was developed under the auspices of the naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea) and is currently being deployed on a variety of ships in the neets of both the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Coast Guard. The primary objective of FCCS is to enable damage control personnel to identify critical stability conditions, especially when related to the loss of reserve buoyancy due to battle damage and the destabilizing effects of large quantities of firefighting water, in a timely manner. FCCS was initially deploved in 1990. It utilizes the standard algorithms of the Ship Hull Characteristics program (SHCP). The user interface was designed to allow quick familiarity for shipboard users, primarily the damage control assistant (DCA) and his staff. Intact stability evaluations include the effects of topside icing, high winds, personnel crowding, heavy lifts over the side, high speed turns, and towing. FCCS also supports ballasting analysis for amphibious ships as well as providing bottom reaction and beached stability data for grounding incidents. Bv providing a tool for the ''fuel king'' and DCA to generate the required daily updates on the current ship load and liquids status, FCCS is assured of an accurate baseline in the event of damage. The design allows the evaluation of the ultimate ship stability status for a damage event using simple compartmentation and flooding status inputs. Evaluation of the adequacy of resulting stabilitv, as well as identification of such critical stability parameters as off center loading, margin line immersion, and negative GM, are accomplished by the program. Guidance is provided for the user to initiate appropriate flooding related damage control activities. Initially fitted on USS Oliver Hazard Perry Class frigates, FCCS databases have been for the USCG Hamilton class high endurance cutters, USS Arleigh Burke class Aegis destroyers, and a variety of other U.S. Navy and U.S. Coast Guard ship classes. The progra

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marine APPLICATION OF AIRCRAFT PROPULSION SYSTEMS

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Journal of the American Society for naval Engineers 1955年第4期67卷 933-944页

作者： POURNARAS, U.A. THE AUTHOR:was born in Athens Greece received the degree of the Bachelor of Science in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has been associated with the design offices of John G. Alden and Hickman Sea-Sled Co. both of Boston Mass. and is presently employed as a Naval Architect in the Hydromechanics Laboratory of the David W. Taylor Model Basin USN where he is associated with the Hydrofoil Research Program.

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NFR-90 - INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL-ASPECTS

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第2期99卷 37-44页

作者： JOHNSON, RS The author has degrees from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture George Washington University and the University of California at Berkeley. He was a civilian employee of the Naval Sea Systems Command and its predecessor organizations for 22 years. Ten of those years were as head of preliminary design. His last position was technical director for ship design. Since then he has been manager ship design at the Westinghouse Defense and Electronics Center where he managed the design of a frigate for one of our allies and was the project leader for U.S. industrial effort in support of the NATO frigate program. He is currently president ship engineering and design Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc.

A brief summary of the history of the NFR-90 program is presented. The international industrial aspects of the management, organization and operation of the International Joint Venture Company (IJVC) are discussed. They will be considered from the general viewpoint of an international program, as well as from the specific situation of the NFR-90. This will include the effects of general culture, technical culture, managerial culture, language, work and leisure philosophy, and office environment. The U.S. contractor's role in the IJVC will be described including contractural, personnel and organizational relationships. The NFR-90 program's concepts are presented and the difficulties to be overcome are discussed. Recommendations of the feasibility study that affect industry are described, including possible consequences on the industrial infrastructure. The concepts of centralized selection of major equipments, sharing, dual sourcing, coproduction, licensing, teaming, and international and industrial benefits are presented.

关键词： WARSHIPS

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THE SEA PHOENIX—A WARSHIP DESIGN study

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naval Engineers Journal 1976年第2期88卷 31-44页

作者： TARPGAARD, PETER T. USN The author graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1959. He served in destroyers and submarines for six years until beginning graduate study in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He completed his graduate studies in 1970 having earned his degrees of Doctor of Philosophy Naval Engineer and Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering. He then served as Special Project Assistant to the Deputy Chief of Naval Material (Development) as a member of the Chief of Naval Material Combat Systems Group and in the Ship System Design and Development Division (NAVSEC 6110) at the Naval Ship Engineering Center. At present he is assigned to the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency where he serves with the U.S. Delegation to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks with the Soviet Union (SALT). In addition to ASNE he is a member of SNAME and the U.S. Naval Institute.

This paper describes an exploratory design study for a modern general purpose combatant of destroyer size. The study was conducted in two principal segments by separate but interacting groups under the direction of the Author who was the Project Officer. One segment consisted of the ship system design study, and the other focused on the combat system configuration. Featured in the combat system is a long‐range, multiple target anti‐air capability developed from a modified version of the AWG‐9/Phoenix Weapon System (the weapon system used in the F‐14 aircraft). The ship and combat system configurations resulting from the studies are described including the modifications to the AWG‐9 to adapt the system for a surface ship environment and to adapt it for surface launch. A modular, integrated ship and combat system control center concept is described which results in very low manning requirements. A concept for modular combat system integration by function (as opposed to total combat system integration) is discussed. © 1976 American Society of naval Engineers

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HYDRODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS FOR UNITED-STATES NAVY SHIPS

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 74-90页

作者： MCCALLUM, D ENGLE, AH PLATZER, GP KARAFIATH, G Donald McCallumis a supervisory naval architect in the Auxiliary Amphibious and Mine Warfare Ship Hydrodynamics Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He has worked in ship design in his native Scotland before coming to the United States via Canada. Mr. McCallum has a M.Sc. degree from the University of Michigan and a B.Sc. from Strathclyde University (Glasgow). He is a member of SNAME ASNE and ASE. Allen H. Engleis a naval architect with the Hull Form and Hydrodynamic Performance Division of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea). He received his B.S. degree in engineering science from the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1977 and his M.S. degree in ocean engineering from the University of Hawaii in 1979. Since 1980 he has worked for NavSea where he has been assigned to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard SupShip Seattle and the U.S. Naval Academy Hydromechanics Laboratory. Selected as NavSea's Engineer of the Year for 1989 Mr. Engle is currently the program director for the Navy's Hydrodynamic Loads Technology Development Program. Prior to his current assignment Mr. Engle was technical director of the Navy's Ship Efficiency Improvement Program and task leader for hydrodynamic design for the LHD-5 AO-177 (Jumbo) AE-36 LSD-41 and FFX ship designs. Mr. Engle is a member of both ASNE and SNAME. Gregory Platzeris currently employed with Arneson Marine Inc. As manager of applications engineering Mr. Platzer is responsible for the development of propulsion specifications for articulated surface drive units matched to high-speed partially submerged propellers. Prior to November 1990 Mr. Platzer was the head of the Surface Ship Propeller Branch at the Naval Sea Systems Command. He had worked for the Navy in the field of propulsor analysis since 1977 initially at the David Taylor Research Center. Mr. Platzer graduated in 1977 from the University of Michigan with a B.S. degree in naval architecture. Gabor Karafiathis a member of the Ship Hydromechanics Department at the David Taylor Research Center.

This paper reports on an investigation of the applicability of recent hull efficiency improvement concepts to U.S. Navy ships. Among the concepts investigated were stern flaps, Grim Wheels, alternate aftbody configurations, bulbous bows, and flow modifying ducts. Extensive model testing was conducted at the David Taylor Research Center (DTRC) for each concept, and care was taken to check out critical propeller cavitation and noise aspects associated with the investigation of alternate stern configurations and Grim Wheel concepts. A guiding principle in this program was to utilize the expertise available both here and abroad so that each design concept would have the greatest chance of success. As a result of these investigations, significant gains in fuel economy were obtained. Specifically, full scale trials of FFG-25 (USS Copeland), equipped with and without a stern flap, demonstrated that fuel savings of 5-9% are achieved at speeds above 12 knots. In addition, fuel savings of 9.4% for T-AGS 39 equipped with a Grim Wheel and 5.6% for the combination of a large bulbous bow and a large diameter/low RPM propeller on AE-36 have been predicted. The paper concludes with a direction for future applications to U.S. Navy, and other ships.

关键词： Warships

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THE PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF SURFACE WARSHIPS

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Journal of the American Society for naval Engineers 1956年第3期68卷 565-567页

作者： KELLY, ROBERT L. THE AUTHOR graduated in 1946 from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. He served in the Navy until discharged at which time he was employed by W. C. Nickum & Sons in Seattle Washington. In 1948 he joined the staff of the Scientific and Test Section of the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard where he remained until 1950 when he reported to U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters to work in the Naval Engineering Section. Shortly after he joined the Preliminary Design Section of the Bureau of Ships where he remained until 1955 when he became Program Planner of Research and Development in Naval Architecture for the Bureau of Ships. Mr. Kelly was Secretary-Treasurer of the Chesapeake Section of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers from 1953–1955 and is presently Vice-Chairman of the group.

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RETROFITTING OF BULBOUS BOWS ON UNITED-STATES NAVY AUXILIARY AND AMPHIBIOUS WARSHIPS

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第6期96卷 40-51页

作者： CHUN, SK HOUGH, JJ ENGLE, AH FUNG, SC Stephen K. Chunis a graduate of the Maritime College of the State University of New York class of 1981 from which he received a B.E. degree in naval architecture and his license as a Third Assistant Engineer from the U.S. Coast Guard. Since graduation he has worked for the U.S. Navy as a naval architect with the Hull Form and Hydrodynamics Performance Division (SEA 55W3) of the Naval Sea Systems Command. Currently he is the task leader for hydrodynamic design for the DDG-51. He is also responsible for bulbous bow and appendage design for surf ace ships. Mr. Chun is a member of ASNE SNAME and ASE. Jeffrey J. Hough:is currently a naval architect with the Hull Form and Hydrodynamic Performance Division (SEA 55VV3) of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NA VSEA). In his current capacity he is a member of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Branch and is the divisional coordinator for computer supported design (CSD) technical director for the hull form design system (HFDS) Hull Engineering Group (SEA 55) assistant coordinator for CSD SEA 55 CSD coordinator for the DDG-51 contract design and SEA 55W3 project engineer for aircraft carrier/aviation support ship hydrodynamics. Mr. Hough received his B.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1978 and his M.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1979 from the University of Michigan. He began his career with the U.S. Navy in 1979 as an Engineer-in-Training in the Ship Design and Integration Directorate of NAVSEA. Prior to his current assignment Mr. Hough was the technical director responsible for the hull form and hydrodynamics energy conservation program and technical specialist for design practices for resistance and powering margins and hull form geometry. A member of ASNE since 1979 Mr. Hough is also a member of SNAME ASE and the U.S. Naval Institute. Allen H. Engleis a naval architect with the Hull Form Design and Performance Division of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his B.S. degree in engineering science from th

To meet energy conservation goals of the U.S. Navy, its attention has been focused on ways to reduce individual ship total resistance and powering requirements. One possible method of improving ship powering characteristics is by modifying existing individual ship hulls with the addition of bulbous bows. This paper will identify the merits of retrofitting bow bulbs on selected U.S. Navy auxiliary and amphibious warfare ships. A procedure for performing a cost-benefit analysis will be shown for candidate ship classes. An example of this technique for an amphibious warfare ship will also be provided. A brief discussion of future methods to be used for bulbous bow design such as application of systematic model test data and numerical hydrodynamic techniques will be given.

关键词： naval VESSELS

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THE APPLICATION OF BOILING WATER REACTORS TO SHIP PROPULSION

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Journal of the American Society for naval Engineers 1960年第3期72卷 503-508页

作者： MATHIEU, CHARLES E. USCG The author graduated from the Coast Guard Academy in New London Connecticut class of 1953. After three years on ocean weather patrols and one year on LORAN station Wake Island he entered the three year graduate program in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology specializing in the nuclear branch. He completed his studies in June 1960.

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ADVANCED AVIONICS architecture - THE NAVAIR study

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第6期106卷 31-40页

作者： KATZ, RS JAHNKE, L JEWETT, CE Cdr. Larry Jahnke USN:is presently Head of the Architecture Branch of the Avionics Engineering division AIR-546 of the Naval Air Systems Command. Among his current responsibilities is to lead implementation activities of the NAVAIR Advanced Avionics Architecture study described in this paper. Cdr. Jahnke graduated from the University of Minnesota with a B.S. degree in aeronautical engineering and was commissioned in 1974. After flight training as a Naval flight officer he was assigned to Naval Air Station Barbers Point Hawaii where he served as Tactical Coordinator for P-3B aircraft. He was assigned to the Communications Directorate of the Joint Staff in 1990 where he participated in support of Desert Shield/Desert Storm and was part of the original cadre of officers responsible for the “C41 for the Warrior” concept. Cdr. Jahnke also has a Master of Science degree from the University of Southern California and is a 1990 graduate of the Industrial College of the Armed Forces. Cdr. Charles E. Jewett USN:is currently the Common Avionics Requirements Officer for Naval Aircraft Programs. He has served the Navy as an Aeronautical Engineering Duty Officer since 1982 with previous defense acquisition assignments as the Avionics Architecture and Engineering Branch Head Fighter/Attack Avionics systems Engineering Branch Head and A-12 Avionics Officer and A-6F Deputy Program Manager and the A-6 Avionics Officer. Cdr. Jewett entered the Navy as an Aviation Officer Candidate in 1971 receiving his commission and earning his wings as a Naval Flight Officer the same year. After graduating from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in 1976 he was assigned to the Strike Aircraft Test Directorate of the Naval Air Test Center where he participated in various electronic warfare electro-optics and software update evaluations for A-6 EA-6B and OV-10 aircraft. In Cdr. Jewett's previous assignment at NAVAIRSYSCOM he led a major Avionics Architecture Study (the subject of this paper) that surveyed cutting-edge avionics technol

To establish a planning basis for future avionics systems, the naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) conducted an avionics architecture investigation during 1992-1993, culminating in a final report published in August 1993. In the course of the study, U.S. Industry provided significant information to a NAVAIR avionics database for both technologies and systems integration methods. From the study emerged an implementation strategy to allow NAVAIR to develop effective avionics systems in the future that use commercial products and standards where applicable but also allow the ready use of new and emerging technologies. Recommended strategies concentrate on the development process, especially the use of sound systems engineering techniques and the maximum practical use of commercial standards and products. This paper reviews the methodology employed during the NAVAIR investigation, and presents the key findings and resulting implementation strategies. The paper concludes with a brief summary of current implementation plans at NAVAIR.

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