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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： naval warfare

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AN ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS-engineering PROCESS

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第3期99卷 218-226页

作者： JUDSON, HM ASCHOFF, GR NEWCOMB, JW Dr. Harlow M. Judson:is the technical director for the Electromagnetic System Environment Design and Engineering Project within the Autonetics Marine Systems Division of Rockwell International. He received the Ph.D E. E. degree from Michigan State University in 1964 and has served in a variety of management and technical positions with Rockwell International since 1968. Dr. Judson's military service was aboard submarines from 1952–1956. Gerald R. Aschoff:is the engineering manager for the Electromagnetic System Environment Design and Engineering Project within the Autonetics Marine Systems Division of Rockwell International. He received the M.A. degree in mathematics from California State University at Fullerton in 1972 and has served in a variety of management and technical positions with Rockwell International since 1967. Mr. Aschoff's forte is in the area of electromagnetic effects upon electronic systems. John W. Newcomb:is the program manager for the Electromagnetic System Environment Design and Engineering Project within the Autonetics Marine Systems Division of Rockwell International. His twenty years of professional experience include a three-year tour as an engineering duty officer attached to SupShip 3 in Brooklyn New York. Civil service experience includes positions with DTNSRDC NAVSEC Preliminary Design Division and NAVSEA ‘s Aegis Shipbuilding Project office. Since joining Rockwell International in 1976 he has filled a number of project engineering and program management assignments dealing with ship design engineering and acquisition. Mr. Newcomb holds a B. S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from Webb Institute and an M. B. A. from George Washington University. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME.

engineering processes, for the integration of topside electromagnetic environment and EM subsystems performance engineering into the mainstream of surface ship engineering, are presented and discussed in this paper. The engineering procedures and tasks pertaining to ship EM systems engineering must be tailored to the several stages of the life cycle, but all contain a core of activities covering performance-based EM suite selection and topside arrangement design, which is based on EM environment and performance vs. requirements analysis. These core activities are presented and discussed as they apply to all life cycle design stages. Several recent fleet EMI problems are briefly discussed for the insight they provide relative to the EM portions of the current design process, and conclusions regarding how the proposed procedures address current deficiencies are included.

关键词： ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

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IMPROVING THE SHIP DESIGN, ACQUISITION AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第2期104卷 39-57页

作者： RYAN, JC JONS, OP J. Christopher Ryan:earned his bachelor's and master's degrees in Naval Architecture from Webb Institute and MIT respectively. He spent three years at the Advanced Marine Technology Division of Litton Industries working on the DD-963 class ship design and related computer aided design projects. he subsequently went to the Navy Department concentrating on early stage design of surface combatants for 12 years including work on the FFG-7 Sea Control Ship CSGN and CVV aircraft carrier projects. He then shifted focus and became the technical director for the Computer Supported Design Program in NavSea for five years. Mr. Ryan has served in several supervisory positions within the Ship Design Group in NavSea since that time. He is currently the project manager for the Ship Design Acquisition and Construction Process Improvement Project. Otto P. Jons:received a Diplom Ing. in shipbuilding from the Technical University of Hannover W. Germany and an M.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1967. He then joined Litton Ship Systems where he was responsible for the preliminary design of the DD-963 hull structure and then for ship systems as manager LHA Ship Systems Engineering Department. From 1972 to 1974 he was principal research scientist at Hydronautics. In 1976 as technical director he helped establish the local office of Designers and Planners. Otto Jons was one of the co-founders of Advanced Marine Enterprises Inc. in 1976 where he is corporate vice president engineering.

In the spring of 1990, the NavSea Chief Engineer initiated a project to improve the design, acquisition and construction (DAC) of U.S. Navy ships. The project's objectives are to reduce the time and cost of acquiring and operating Navy ships while improving their quality, unlike previous studies on the subject, the project utilizes a rigorous process analysis approach and attempts to use quantitative measures as the basis for recommending improvements. The paper is, of necessity, a status report on the progress of this project. Topics covered include: the DAC process;a look at the current state of ship acquisition time, cost, and quality;the methodology for process improvements;and early findings.

关键词： naval Vessels

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naval SHIP DESIGN - EVOLUTION OR REVOLUTION

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 40-52页

作者： TIBBITTS, BF KEANE, RG RIGGINS, RJ Captain Barry Tibbitts USN: was graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1956 and subsequently served as a gunnery division officer in an attack aircraft carrier and as gunnery officer operations officer and chief engineer in two diesel submarines. He attended MIT from 1962–1965 earning a master of science in mechanical engineering and a naval engineers degree. Early assignments as an engineering duty officer included SRF Yokosuka CINCPACFLT staff and SupShip Pascagoula. From 1976 to 1987 he served in a variety of senior ship design assignments: CVV ship design manager director NAVSEC Hull and Ship Design Divisions director NavSea Ship Design Management and Integration Office commander David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center and director NavSea Ship Design Group. Recently retired but recalled to active duty he is the professor of naval construction and engineering at MIT. He has received seven personal decorations including two Legion of Merit awards. Robert G. Keane Jr.:is currently the deputy director of the NavSea Ship Design Group. He has been employed by NavSea and its predecessor organizations for over twenty years. He is a graduate of The Johns Hopkins University from which he received his B.E.S. degree in mechanical engineering in 1962. He received his M.E. degree in mechanical engineering in 1967 from Stevens Institute of Technology and in 1970 his M.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. Mr. Keane held increasingly responsible design positions involving ship arrangements hull equipment hull form and hydrodynamic performance before being selected in 1981 for the Senior Executive Service to be director of the Naval Architecture Subgroup. Following an assignment at the David Taylor Research Center as assistant for transition of ship engineering technology he served as director of the Ship Survivability Subgroup until assuming his current position in 1985. He is an active member of ASNE SNAME and ASE. Robert Riggins:received a B.S. in mechanical

Some fairly radical changes to the naval ship design process occurred during the 1970s. The decade of the 80s has also witnessed a steady stream of changes. One of the most significant was the establishment of the Ship Characteristics Improvement Board (SCIB) in the Office of the Chief of naval Operations (OpNav), and the resulting influence on the dialog between the military requirements decision makers and the Navy's ship designers. Other changes have occurred for which the impacts are less clear. These include establishment of the chief engineer of the Navy (ChEng) position, creation of the Space and naval Warfare Systems Command (SpaWar) and OpNav's “Revolution at Sea” initiative. This paper will describe and discuss these and other changes, and comment on the resultant impact. The authors will attempt to present a global view of the total pattern of changes and try to discern if we are on a path of revolution, or merely normal evolution.

关键词： naval VESSELS

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An Application of the Series Turbine to a Highspeed naval Combatant Ship

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naval Engineers Journal 1971年第2期83卷 33-42页

作者： ELLIOTT, J.K. USN J. K. ELLIOTT attended Ohio University for a year then entered the U.S. Naval Academy in 1957. After graduation from the Academy in 1961 he was assigned to USS LAWRENCE (DDG-4) in which he served as division officer and department head. In 1965 he was transferred to Webb Institute of Naval Architecture where in 1968 he graduated with a B.S. in Marine Engineering and an M.S. in Naval Architecture. Following graduate school he was sent to the U.S. Navy Diving and Salvage School and then to the Naval Ship Research and Development Center (NAVSHIPRANDCEN) where he served as the Officer-in-Charge of the UEB-1 and Program Officer for the Underwater Explosions Research Division. While attached to NAVSHIPRANDCEN he spent several months in South Vietnam as leader of the Navy Battle Damage Assessment and Reporting Team. In July of 1970 he was transferred to the Norfolk Naval Shipyard where he is now serving as a Ship Production Coordinator.

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PRE-ACQUISITION PLANNING

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1982年第6期94卷 31-38页

作者： OHARA, F SCHMIDT, AW Frank O'Hara:earned a B.A. in Philosophy from Chapman College in Orange California a M.S. in International Affairs from the George Washington University in Washington D.C. and attended the Naval War College. He is presently employed as a Senior Staff Advisor to Native American Consultants Inc. in Washington D.C. He served as a Marine Corps Aviator from 1942–1966 was awarded three Distinguished Flying Crosses and eight Air Medals during World War II and the Korean War and retired as a LCol. He is a member of the Marine Corps Aviation Association the Marine Corps Association and the American Society of Naval Engineers. Since retiring from the Marine Corps he has been engaged in Naval Analysis and Engineering as part of a contractor team and as an independent consultant. In 1978 he co-authored a Technical Paper “From Operational Needs to Notional Ships — A New Look.” The paper was presented at the Association of Scientists and Engineers Technical Symposium. Arthur W. Schmidt:received his B.S. in 1948 from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture his M.S. in Mathematics from Adelphi College in 1958 and an M.P.A. from the American University in 1970. Mr. Schmidt retired from Naval Sea Systems Command in 1980. While there he worked for twelve years in preliminary design and for twenty years in R&D management. After leaving NAVSEA Mr. Schmidt went to work for Gibbs & Cox Inc. where he is still employed today working on survivability CONFORM and ship cost models Mr. Schmidt has presented three papers at ASE technical symposia and has contributed a chapter to a book on technological forecasting. He is a past program chairman of the District of Columbia Society of Professional Engineers and a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers the American Society of Naval Engineers the American Society of Engineering and Armed Services Technical Information Agency.

It is the aim of the authors to propose improved ship and ship subsystem acquisition by the adoption of a simple routine management system which has for its focus, the initial planning phase. The proposed management system follows the guidance of the Office of Management and Budget Circular A-109 and the Chief of naval Operations. A clear articulation of operational needs aids the task of prioritizing resource allocations and also promotes earlier integration of ship and subsystem design and development schedules. More precise resource allocation and earlier integration should decrease acquisition time and increase ship subsystem capabilities. The worth of the proposed concept has been demonstrated by a pilot program and can readily be implemented within the constraints of the current Planning, programming, and Budget System.

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AN ADVANCED METHODOLOGY FOR PRELIMINARY HULL FORM DEVELOPMENT

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第4期96卷 147-161页

作者： LIN, WC DAY, WG HOUGH, JJ KEANE, RG WALDEN, DA KOH, IY Wen-Chin Lin:heads the Ship Powering Division at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center (DTNSRDC). Dr. Lin received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the National Taiwan University in 1957. He was awarded his M.S. degree in naval architecture and Ph.D. in engineering science from the University of California at Berkeley in 1963 and 1966 respectively. From 1966 to 1969 he was employed by ESSO Research and Engineering Company to conduct marine hydrodynamic research for oil tankers and offshore structures. Since joining DTNSRDC in 1969 he has actively conducted and directed hydrodynamic research to advance naval ship design technology and improve ship performance. Active in national and international symposia on ship hydrodynamic research he is recognized for contributions to the ship research community. For the past six years he has been a member of the Performance Committee of the ITTC and currently serves as secretary of the committee. He is a member of SNAME and the Society of Naval Architects of Japan. William G. Day Jr:. has been employed as a naval architect at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center since receiving a B.E.S. degree from the Johns Hopkins University in 1966. He obtained an M.S. E. degree from George Washington University in 1971. As Head Design Evaluation Branch of the Ship Performance Department he is responsible for model experiments to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of ships and propulsors. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. In-Young Koh:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Lowell University in 1969 and 1971 respectively and his Ph.D. in applied mechanics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1976. Dr. Koh joined DTNSRDC as an electronic engineer specializing in the application of advanced instrumentation and computer techniques to ship research and design. He is currently engaged in research and development of active control systems for naval ship applications. Dr. Koh is a member of ASNE SNAME and IEEE. David Andrew Walden:is

A ship design methodology is presented for developing hull forms that attain improved performance in both seakeeping and resistance. Contrary to traditional practice, the methodology starts with developing a seakeeping-optimized hull form without making concessions to other performance considerations, such as resistance. The seakeeping-optimized hull is then modified to improve other performance characteristics without degrading the seakeeping. Presented is a point-design example produced by this methodology. Merits of the methodology and the point design are assessed on the basis of theoretical calculations and model experiments. This methodology is an integral part of the Hull Form Design System (HFDS) being developed for computer-supported naval ship design. The modularized character of HFDS and its application to hull form development are discussed.

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Simulation of lighting system in the accommodation deck of a 750GT ro-ro ferry

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2543卷

作者： Faisal Mahmuddin Surya Haryanto Muhammad Uswah Pawara Apriansyah 1Marine Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Hasanuddin University Gowa Indonesia 2Naval Architecture Program Department of Sains Food Technology and Maritime Kalimantan Institute of Technology Balikpapan Indonesia 3Civil Engineering Department Engineering Faculty Universitas Sulawesi Barat Majene Indonesia

In order to improve the convenience when using a ro-ro ferry, the lighting system used in the ship needs to be designed as conveniently as possible, especially in the accommodation deck. Therefore, the present study simulated and analyzed the lighting system in the accommodation spaces of a 750GT ro-ro ferry. The accommodation space was divided into 3 spaces which are front, middle, and rear spaces. A lighting analysis software named AGI32 was used to compute the lighting performance of each space. The number of lights installed in each space was determined using the room estimator function which is one of the features of the software. From the computation, it was found that the illuminance obtained from the simulation had a lower average than the one defined in the initial design. Moreover, it was also found that the middle accommodation space had the highest illuminance as compared to the other accommodation spaces.

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Modeling and simulation in the sealift program

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第6期108卷 27-39页

作者： Edinberg, D Back, K McVeigh, J David Edinberg is a senior naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises in Arlington Virginia. His experience in ship design includes dynamic analysis of ship's deck systems intact and damaged stability calculations trim and stability support during ship designs and structural design. For the last two years he has led a team of engineers in the dynamic analysis of the sideport ramp system employed on the Navy's new sealift ships. He graduated in 1979 with a B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. Keith Back is a senior engineer with Advanced Marine Enterprises in Arlington Virginia. He is currently the section chief for the Advanced Visualization Group. He has more than ten years experience developing and using CAD models in the ship design environment. For the past two years he has led the development of visualization techniques and models for use in simulations for current ship design programs. He graduated in 1985 with a B.S. degree in aerospace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. USA Lt. Col. Joe McVeigh USA is currently deputy program manager (Army) for PMS 385 the Strategic Sealift Office at NavSea. As the senior U.S. Army officer on staff he is responsible for interfacing with the program's primary customer in addition to his assignment as T&E director. Lt. Col. McVeigh graduated with a B.Sc. from the United States Military Academy in 1978 after which he received his 2nd lieutenant's commission in the U.S. Army Transportation Corps. In 1991 he received M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering and naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. Lt. Col. McVeigh's previous assignments have included: platoon leader/XO 870th Terminal Transfer Company program support officer/XO/contract administrator DLA operations staff officer/Exercise Branch chief. Special Forces Europe company commander 598th Medium Truck Company commander Movement Control Team Mannheim and Army watercraft systems engineer U.S.

The Navy's Sealift program had several unique problems associated with it which have been addressed using innovative modeling and simulation tech niques. These techniques fall under two categories: visualization and dynamic analysis. This paper will discuss the employment of these techniques and the impact their application has had in the program. Also examined will be various difficulties that were encountered in the application of these techniques. Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) visualization tools were used to model the interior Ro/Ro spaces on the four classes of new construction and conversion ships now being procured. These models were employed for vehicle maneuvering simulations, operator familiarization and visualization of the results of an analysis of the loading and unloading of Ro/Ro vehicles. A COTS dynamic analysis system was used to simulate dynamic behavior during the assembly/deplopment and retrieval/disassembly of the side port ramp using the ships' cranes. These analyses supported reviews of design configurations, proposed handling procedures, and in conjunction with extensive post-processing, operability assessments for system operation. In a parallel effort, an interactive crane simulator was developed to support on-going engineering studies, indoctrination, and test and evaluation purposes. Lessons learned have been applied to other activities at the naval Sea Systems Command. Critical areas were the validation and maintenance of up-to-date configuration data for the visual models, adaptive levels of detail to meet the requirements of each study objective, and the need to provide comprehensive documentation of models.

关键词： marine engineering

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SHIP SYSTEM SEAKEEPING EVALUATION - STOCHASTIC APPROACH

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naval ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第6期91卷 33-46页

作者： JOHNSON, RA CARACOSTAS, NP COMSTOCK, EN Mr. Robert A. Johnson is currently a Naval Architect in the Hull Group (SEA 32) Ship Design and Integration Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his Associate in Engineering degree in Drafting and Design Technology in 1959 his B.S. degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1965 and his M.S. degree in Engineering Mechanics in 1970 all from Pennsylvania State University. In 1973 he was selected for the Navy's Long-Term Training Program at the University of Michigan from which he received his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture in 1974. Mr. Johnson began his professional career at the Ordnance Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University in 1959 where he was involved in the design of hydroelastic submarine models and conducted research in the area of flow-induced structural vibrations. Subsequently he joined HRB-Singer at State College Pennsylvania in 1967 as a Research Engineer and in 1969 joined the former Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC) where he was employed in the Submarine Structures Branch Surface Ship Structures Branch and the Performance and Stability Branch of the Hull Division. Currently he is the CASDAC Hull System Technical Director and also Head of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Section (SEA 32133) Naval Architecture Division Naval Sea Systems Command a member of ASE SNAME and Tau Beta Pi and one of the Navy Subcommittee Members of the Ship Structures Committee. Mr. Nicholas P. Casacostas is currently a Section Chief for Naval Architecture in the Washington D.C. office of M. Rosenblatt & Son Inc. His professional career has been in both Navy and commercially related fields and he has had published several technical papers dealing with the subjects of Ship Propulsion and Hydrodynamics as well as Shipping Economics and Operations. A member of ASNE since 1977 he also is a member of the Royal Institute of Naval Architects and SNAME and presently serving on the latter's H-2 (Resistance and Propulsion) Panel. Mr. Edward N. Comstock is currently a Seakeeping Speciali

The recent trend in naval Forces has been a shrinking Fleet in both numbers and ship size. This dictates that our ships must have greater operational effectiveness if the Navy is to continue to carry out its mission in the future as it has done in the past. The seakeeping performance of a ship is a major determinant of its overall operational effectiveness. The methodology presented in this paper is a comprehensive approach to the evaluation of a ship's seakeeping performance. The scope of this methodology encompasses the assessment of ship mission scenarios and the relative importance of associated mission requirements as well as the probabilistic description of the uncertainties imposed by the variable ocean environment. The methodology is presented in a general sense so that the seakeeping performance of a ship's configuration can be evaluated as a function of mission scenario, mission area, sea state, ship heading, and speed. In order to utilize the full potential of the methodology, more refined scenario descriptions and more accurate environment specifications must be obtained. A simplified example is presented in which a comparison of the operational effectiveness of two small hull forms is made, using information now available to the designer. It is anticipated that the methodology presented can be used not only as a powerful tool in the decision-making process of practical ship design, but also as the basis for parametric studies of mission strategies.

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