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Flexible pressure sensors with ultrahigh stress tolerance enabled by periodic microslits

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 301-311页

作者： Song Wang Chenying Wang Yifan Zhao Yujing Zhang Yaxin Zhang Xiangyue Xu Qijing Lin Kai Yao Yuheng Wang Feng Han Yu Sun Zhuangde Jiang State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesSchool of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesSchool of Instrument Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingboChina Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada

Stress tolerance plays a vital role in ensuring the effectiveness of piezoresistive sensing films used in flexible pressure ***,existing methods for enhancing stress tolerance employ dome-shaped,wrinkle-shaped,and pyramidal-shaped microstructures in intricate molding and demolding processes,which introduce significant fabrication challenges and limit the sensing *** address these shortcomings,this paper presents periodic microslits in a sensing film made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polydimethylsiloxane to realize ultrahigh stress tolerance with a theoretical maximum of 2.477 MPa and a sensitivity of 18.092 kPa−*** periodic microslits permit extensive deformation under high pressure(e.g.,400 kPa)to widen the detection ***,the periodic microslits also enhance the sensitivity based on simultaneously exhibiting multiple synapses within the sensing interface and between the periodic sensing *** proposed solution is verified by experiments using sensors based on the microslit strategy for wind direction detection,robot movement sensing,and human health *** these experiments,vehicle load detection is achieved for ultrahigh pressure sensing under an ultrahigh pressure of over 400 kPa and a ratio of the contact area to the total area of 32.74%.The results indicate that the proposed microslit strategy can achieve ultrahigh stress tolerance while simplifying the fabrication complexity of preparing microstructure sensing films.

关键词： robot shaped stress

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BitMoD: Bit-serial Mixture-of-Datatype LLM Acceleration 31

BitMoD: Bit-serial Mixture-of-Datatype LLM Acceleration

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31st IEEE International Symposium on High Performance computer Architecture, HPCA 2025

作者： Chen, Yuzong Abouelhamayed, Ahmed F. Dai, Xilai Wang, Yang Andronic, Marta Constantinides, George A. Abdelfattah, Mohamed S. Cornell University Computer Systems Lab United States Systems and Networking Research Group Microsoft Research United States Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506476

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various machine learning tasks. Yet the substantial memory footprint of LLMs significantly hinders their deployment. In this paper, we improve the accessibility of LLMs through BitMoD1, an algorithm-hardware co-design solution that enables efficient LLM acceleration at low weight precision. On the algorithm side, BitMoD introduces fine-grained data type adaptation that uses a different numerical data type to quantize a group of (e.g., 128) weights. Through the careful design of these new data types, BitMoD is able to quantize LLM weights to very low precision (e.g., 4 bits and 3 bits) while maintaining high accuracy. On the hardware side, BitMoD employs a bitserial processing element to easily support multiple numerical precisions and data types;our hardware design includes two key innovations: First, it employs a unified representation to process different weight data types, thus reducing the hardware cost. Second, it adopts a bit-serial dequantization unit to rescale the per-group partial sum with minimal hardware overhead. Our evaluation on six representative LLMs demonstrates that BitMoD significantly outperforms state-of-the-art LLM quantization and acceleration methods. For discriminative tasks, BitMoD can quantize LLM weights to 4 -bit with © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Integrated circuit design

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Speed Harmonic based Saturation Free Inductance Modeling and Estimation of Interior PMSM Using Measurements Under One Load Condition

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CES Transactions on electrical Machines and systems 2025年第1期9卷 91-99页

作者： Guodong Feng Yuting Lu Zhe Tong Beichen Ding Guishan Yan Chunyan Lai the School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenChina the School of Advanced Manufacturing Sun Yat-sen University the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia UniversityQCCanada

For permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs),accurate inductance is critical for control design and condition *** to magnetic saturation,existing methods require nonlinear saturation model and measurements from multiple load/current conditions,and the estimation is relying on the accuracy of saturation model and other machine parameters in the *** harmonic produced by harmonic currents is inductance-dependent,and thus this paper explores the use of magnitude and phase angle of the speed harmonic for accurate inductance *** estimation models are built based on either the magnitude or phase angle,and the inductances can be from d-axis voltage and the magnitude or phase angle,in which the filter influence in harmonic extraction is considered to ensure the estimation *** inductances can be estimated from the measurements under one load condition,which is free of saturation ***,the inductance estimation is robust to the change of other machine *** proposed approach can effectively improve estimation accuracy especially under the condition with low current *** and comparisons are conducted on a test PMSM to validate the proposed approach.

关键词： PMSM Inductance estimation Speed harmonic High frequency signal injection

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Improving Power Response of Single-Controllable VSG-Based Active Distribution Network

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2025年第1期11卷 102-114页

作者： Shah Fahad Arman Goudarzi Pierluigi Siano Ji Xiang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyUSA University of Victoria Canada Department of Management&Innovation Systems University of SalernoItaly Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2006South Africa National Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Electrical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Controlling an active distribution network(ADN)from a single PCC has been advantageous for improving the performance of coordinated Intermittent RESs(IRESs).Recent studies have proposed a constant PQ regulation approach at the PCC of ADNs using coordination of non-MPPT based ***,due to the intermittent nature of DGs coupled with PCC through uni-directional broadcast communication,the PCC becomes vulnerable to transient *** address this challenge,this study first presents a detailed mathematical model of an ADN from the perspective of PCC regulation to realize rigidness of PCC against ***,an H_(∞)controller is formulated and employed to achieve optimal performance against disturbances,consequently,ensuring the least oscillations during transients at ***,an eigenvalue analysis is presented to analyze convergence speed limitations of the newly derived system ***,simulation results show the proposed method offers superior performance as compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Cooperative control of DGs hierarchical control system high penetration of intermittent RESs H_(∞)control optimal control in power systems single-controllable active distribution networks

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Mutual information oriented deep skill chaining for multi‐agent reinforcement learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 1014-1030页

作者： Zaipeng Xie Cheng Ji Chentai Qiao WenZhan Song Zewen Li Yufeng Zhang Yujing Zhang Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjingChina College of Computer and Information Hohai UniversityNanjingChina Center for Cyber‐Physical Systems University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Information Networking Institute Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Multi‐agent reinforcement learning relies on reward signals to guide the policy networks of individual ***,in high‐dimensional continuous spaces,the non‐stationary environment can provide outdated experiences that hinder convergence,resulting in ineffective training performance for multi‐agent *** tackle this issue,a novel reinforcement learning scheme,Mutual Information Oriented Deep Skill Chaining(MioDSC),is proposed that generates an optimised cooperative policy by incorporating intrinsic rewards based on mutual information to improve exploration *** rewards encourage agents to diversify their learning process by engaging in actions that increase the mutual information between their actions and the environment *** addition,MioDSC can generate cooperative policies using the options framework,allowing agents to learn and reuse complex action sequences and accelerating the convergence speed of multi‐agent *** was evaluated in the multi‐agent particle environment and the StarCraft multi‐agent challenge at varying difficulty *** experimental results demonstrate that MioDSC outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods and is robust across various multi‐agent system tasks with high stability.

关键词： artificial intelligence techniques decision making intelligent multi‐agent systems

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Small Object Detection Without Attention for Aerial Surveillance 13th

Small Object Detection Without Attention for Aerial Surveil...

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13th International Conference on Information Technology and its Applications, CITA 2024

作者： Choi, Jehwan Nguyen, Duy-Linh Vo, Xuan-Thuy Jo, Kang-Hyun Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031741265

This paper introduces the development of an essential deep-learning model for surveillance systems utilizing high-mounted CCTV or drones. Objects seen from elevated angles often look smaller and may appear at different angles compared to ground-level observations. To improve the detection of small objects, we propose a network incorporating an element-wise multiplication module based on the vanilla Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture. However, traditional transformer models need significant computational resources, which may not be practical for edge devices like CCTV cameras or drones. Therefore, we apply the Attention-Free Transformer (AFT) to reduce computational requirements enabling real-time operation on low-capacity devices. We validate the performance by combining ViT and AFT with the YOLOv5 real-time object detection model. Practical applicability is confirmed by implementing it on the low-capacity device named ODROID H3+. Validation datasets include Autonomous Driving Drone, VisDrone, AerialMaritime, and PKLot, all containing numerous small-sized objects. Experimental results on the VisDrone dataset show that YOLOv5 nano + AFT reduces parameter count by 4.6% while increasing accuracy by 1%, making it an efficient network. The model size is suitable for edge device implementation at 3.7 MB. Similarly, Aerial Maritime and PKLot datasets indicate a decreased amount of parameters and increased accuracy. Hence, the proposed deep learning model is applicable for aerial surveillance systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Drones

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Flexible temperature sensor with high sensitivity ranging from liquid nitrogen temperature to 1200℃

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2023年第1期5卷 355-366页

作者： Zhaojun Liu Bian Tian Zhuangde Jiang Shuimin Li Jiaming Lei Zhongkai Zhang Jiangjiang Liu Peng Shi Qijing Lin State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

Flexible temperature sensors have been extensively investigated due to their prospect of wide application in various flexible electronic ***,most of the current flexible temperature sensors only work well in a narrow temperature range,with their application at high or low temperatures still being a big *** work proposes a flexible thermocouple temperature sensor based on aerogel blanket substrate,the temperature-sensitive layer of which uses the screen-printing technology to prepare indium oxide and indium tin *** has good temperature sensitivity,with the test sensitivity reaching 226.7μV℃^(−1).Most importantly,it can work in a wide temperature range,from extremely low temperatures down to liquid nitrogen temperature to high temperatures up to 1200℃,which is difficult to be achieved by other existing flexible temperature *** temperature sensor has huge application potential in biomedicine,aerospace and other fields.

关键词： flexible sensor temperature thermocouple

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Prescribed-Time Nash Equilibrium Seeking for Pursuit-Evasion Game

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1518-1520页

作者： Lei Xue Jianfeng Ye Yongbao Wu Jian Liu D.C.Wunsch Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of EducationNanjing 210096 School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409 USA IEEE

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with prescribed-time Nash equilibrium(PTNE)seeking problem in a pursuit-evasion game(PEG)involving agents with second-order *** order to achieve the prior-given and user-defined convergence time for the PEG,a PTNE seeking algorithm has been developed to facilitate collaboration among multiple pursuers for capturing the evader without the need for any global ***,it is theoretically proved that the prescribedtime convergence of the designed algorithm for achieving Nash equilibrium of ***,the effectiveness of the PTNE method was validated by numerical simulation results.A PEG consists of two groups of agents:evaders and *** pursuers aim to capture the evaders through cooperative efforts,while the evaders strive to evade *** is a classic noncooperative *** has attracted plenty of attention due to its wide application scenarios,such as smart grids[1],formation control[2],[3],and spacecraft rendezvous[4].It is noteworthy that most previous research on seeking the Nash equilibrium of the game,where no agent has an incentive to change its actions,has focused on asymptotic and exponential convergence[5]-[7].

关键词： seeking prescribed convergence

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Joint Optimizations for Double-IRS' Cooperative Positioning and Beamforming Over Massive-MIMOAP Based 6G Secure Mobile Wireless Networks

Joint Optimizations for Double-IRS' Cooperative Positioning ...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Wang, Jiaojie Wang, Fei Zhang, Xi Yang, Yuanyuan Southwest University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Chongqing400715 China Texas A&m University Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College StationTX77843 United States Stony Brook University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony BrookNY11794 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been widely recognized as one of the key techniques to improve secure communications performances. However, most existing works mainly focus on the passive beamforming, i.e., phase-shifts, design of a single IRS, without taking into account the cooperations among multiple IRSs and the optimizations of their relative positions. To overcome these deficiencies, in this paper we propose the joint optimizations between the transmit beamforming of massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive-MIMO) access point (AP) and double-IRS' positions and passive beamforming over 6G secure mobile networks. In our proposed networking architectures, AP transmits data to multiple mobile users (MUs) through reflections of two cooperative IRSs under the existence of one eavesdropper (Eve). First, we formulate a secrecy rate optimization problem to maximize the expectations of all MUs' aggregate secrecy rates when Eve's exact position is unknown. Second, leveraging the deep reinforcement learning (DRL), we develop two joint deploying and beamforming schemes to tackle the uncertainty of Eve's exact position. Finally, we validate and evaluate our developed schemes by conducting the extensive simulations, showing the significant performances improvements of our developed schemes through jointly optimizing IRSs' positions/orientations and transmit-beamforming of massive-MIMOAP as the function of the predicted Eve's deploying areas. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Switching between MPPT and VSG Controls for Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Plants to Mitigate Power System Oscillations

Switching between MPPT and VSG Controls for Utility-Scale Ph...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Ratnakumar, Rajan Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh K. Clemson University Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson United States University of Pretoria Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

The decline of conventional synchronous generators in the modern power system is driven by the increasing demand for low-inertia/inertia-less renewable energy sources (RES), consequently leading to the growing integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) into the power system. The incorporation of low-inertia/inertia-less IBRs makes the monitoring and damping of low-frequency electromechanical oscillations (EMOs) crucial. While Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control introduces virtual inertia into the power system, it does not maximize energy capture from RES as effectively as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) does, as it should maintain a power reserve to provide the inertial support and damping. In this study, switching IBRs between MPPT and VSG controls based on an EMO index (EMOI) threshold is proposed to mitigate the emergence of EMO. The impact of the switching control of IBRs is illustrated for a modified two-area, four-machine power system with two large solar photovoltaic plants. Typical results are presented from a simulation on real-time digital simulator (RTDS) to show improved EMOI. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Synchronous generators

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