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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Yue, Xianghu Zhang, Xueyi Chen, Yiming Zhang, Chengwei Lao, Mingrui Zhuang, Huiping Qian, Xinyuan Li, Haizhou Department of Electrical and Computer and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Laboratory for Big Data and Decision National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Information Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha China Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Class-incremental learning poses a significant challenge under an exemplar-free constraint, leading to catastrophic forgetting and sub-par incremental accuracy. Previous attempts have focused primarily on single-modality tasks, such as image classification or audio event classification. However, in the context of Audio-Visual Class-Incremental Learning (AVCIL), the effective integration and utilization of heterogeneous modalities, with their complementary and enhancing characteristics, remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, we propose the Multi-Modal Analytic Learning (MMAL) framework, an exemplar-free solution for AVCIL that employs a closed-form, linear approach. To be specific, MMAL introduces a modality fusion module that re-formulates the AVCIL problem through a Recursive Least-Square (RLS) perspective. Complementing this, a Modality-Specific Knowledge Compensation (MSKC) module is designed to further alleviate the under-fitting limitation intrinsic to analytic learning by harnessing individual knowledge from audio and visual modality in tandem. Comprehensive experimental comparisons with existing methods show that our proposed MMAL demonstrates superior performance with the accuracy of 76.71%, 78.98%, and 76.19% on AVE, Kinetics-Sounds, and VGGSounds100 datasets, respectively, setting new state-of-the-art AVCIL performance. Notably, compared to those memory-based methods, our MMAL, being an exemplar-free approach, provides good data privacy and can better leverage multi-modal information for improved incremental accuracy. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Thermal management challenges and approaches for liquid hydrogen-fueled aircraft

Thermal management challenges and approaches for liquid hydr...

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AIAA Aviation Forum and ASCEND, 2024

作者： Ordonez, Juan C. Sailabada, Chaianan Guo, Wei Cooley, Lance Cheetham, Peter Kim, Chul Zheng, Jim P. Gladin, Jonathan Cattafesta, Louis FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Advanced Power Systems and Energy and Sustainability Center Florida State University TallahasseeFL32310 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and Center for Advanced Power Systems Florida State University TallahasseeFL32310 United States Center for Advanced Power Systems FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and Center for Advanced Power Systems Florida State University TallahasseeFL32310 United States Department of Electrical Engineering The State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States School of Aerospace Engineering Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology ChicagoIL60616 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107160

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107160

This paper presents an overview of thermal management challenges associated with aircraft that rely on liquid hydrogen as the sole fuel source. The paper discusses strategies that can enhance the overall cooling capacity and enable a larger contribution of fuel cells to the overall power. Design considerations for heat exchangers to integrate cryogenic hydrogen with secondary thermal management loops, outer mold line cooling, and additional thermal management strategies are presented. Cooling requirement estimates for a blended-wing aircraft (112 passengers, 2400 nautical miles) are reported. A finite element simulation using RANS suggests a cooling capacity rate of the order of 10 kW/m2 is available through the Outer Mold Line (OML). The paper also reports on the cooling capacity available by using hydrogen as a heat sink to cool the power train. For the IZEA concept, the hydrogen stream to the fuel cell can handle close to 6% of the fuel cell heat generation. © 2024, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen fuels

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Straggler-Resilient Federated Learning: Leveraging the Interplay Between Statistical Accuracy and System Heterogeneity

Straggler-Resilient Federated Learning: Leveraging the Inter...

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作者： Reisizadeh, Amirhossein Tziotis, Isidoros Hassani, Hamed Mokhtari, Aryan Pedarsani, Ramtin Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems CambridgeMA02139 United States The University of Texas at Austin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AustinTX78712 United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States University of California at Santa Barbara Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

Federated learning is a novel paradigm that involves learning from data samples distributed across a large network of clients while the data remains local. It is, however, known that federated learning is prone to multiple system challenges including system heterogeneity where clients have different computation and communication capabilities. Such heterogeneity in clients' computation speed has a negative effect on the scalability of federated learning algorithms and causes significant slow-down in their runtime due to slow devices (stragglers). In this paper, we propose FLANP, a novel straggler-resilient federated learning meta-algorithm that incorporates statistical characteristics of the clients' data to adaptively select the clients in order to speed up the learning procedure. The key idea of FLANP is to start the training procedure with faster nodes and gradually involve the slower ones in the model training once the statistical accuracy of the current participating nodes' data is reached, while the final model for each stage is used as a warm-start model for the next stage. Our theoretical results characterize the speedup provided by the meta-algorithm FLANP in comparison to standard federated benchmarks for strongly convex losses and i.i.d. samples. For particular instances, FLANP slashes the overall expected runtime by a factor of O((Ns)) , where N and s denote the total number of nodes and the number of samples per node, respectively. In experiments, FLANP demonstrates significant speedups in wall-clock time -up to 6 - compared to standard federated learning benchmarks. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Hierarchical Classification Strategy for Mitigating the Impact of The Presence of Pain in fNIRS-based BCIs

Hierarchical Classification Strategy for Mitigating the Impa...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Ashwini Subramanian Laleh Najafizadeh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Integrated Systems and NeuroImaging Laboratory Rutgers University NJ USA

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) can find applications in assistive systems for patients who experience conditions that impede their motor abilities. A BCI uses signals acquired from the brain to control external devices. As physical pain influences cortical signals, the presence of pain can negatively impact the performance of the BCI. In this work, we propose a strategy to mitigate this negative impact. Cortical signals are acquired from test subjects while they performed two mental arithmetic tasks, in the presence and the absence of painful stimuli. The task of the BCI is to reliably classify the two mental arithmetic tasks from the cortical recordings, irrespective of the presence or the absence of pain. We propose to do this classification, hierarchically, in two levels. In the first level, the data is classified into those captured in the presence and the absence of pain. Depending on the results of the classification from the first level, in the second level, the BCI performs the classification of tasks using a classifier trained either in the presence or the absence of pain. A 1-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) is used for classification at both levels. It is observed that using this hierarchical strategy, the BCI is able to classify the tasks with an accuracy greater than 90%, irrespective of the presence or the absence of pain. Given that the presence of physical pain has shown previously to reduce the classification accuracy of a BCI to almost chance levels, this mitigation strategy will be a significant step towards enhancing the performance of BCIs when they are used in assistive systems for patients.

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A Scenario-Oriented Approach to Energy-Reserve Joint Procurement and Pricing

A Scenario-Oriented Approach to Energy-Reserve Joint Procure...

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作者： Shi, Jiantao Guo, Ye Tong, Lang Wu, Wenchuan Sun, Hongbin Tsinghua University Smart Grid and Renewable Energy Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518071 China Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing100084 China Cornell University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering IthacaNY14853 United States

We consider some crucial problems related to the secure and reliable operation of power systems with high renewable penetrations: how much reserve should we procure, how should reserve resources distribute among different locations, and how should we price reserve and charge uncertainty sources. These issues have so far been largely addressed empirically. In this paper, we first develop a scenario-oriented energy-reserve co-optimization model, which directly connects reserve procurement with possible outages and load/renewable power fluctuations without the need for empirical reserve requirements. Accordingly, reserve can be optimally procured system-wide to handle all possible future uncertainties with the minimum expected system total cost. Based on the proposed model, marginal pricing approaches are developed for energy and reserve, respectively. Locational uniform pricing is established for energy, and the similar property is also established for the combination of reserve and re-dispatch. In addition, properties of cost recovery for generators and revenue adequacy for the system operator (SO) are also proven. Simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Costs

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ON INFINITE-HORIZON MINIMUM ENERGY CONTROL

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Belabbas, Mohamed-Ali Chen, Xudong Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis United States

We address the infinite-horizon minimum energy control problem for linear time-invariant finite-dimensional systems (A, B). We show that the problem admits a solution if and only if (A, B) is stabilizable and A does n... 详细信息

关键词： Linear time-invariant system

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Not so griddy: Internal representations of RNNs path integrating more than one agent 38

Not so griddy: Internal representations of RNNs path integra...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Redman, William T. Acosta, Francisco Acosta-Mendoza, Santiago Miolane, Nina Intelligent Systems Center Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory United States Department of Physics University of California Santa Barbara United States Dynamical Neuroscience University of California Santa Barbara United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara United States

Success in collaborative and competitive environments, where agents must work with or against each other, requires individuals to encode the position and trajectory of themselves and others. Decades of neurophysiological experiments have shed light on how brain regions [e.g., medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), hippocampus] encode the self's position and trajectory. However, it has only recently been discovered that MEC and hippocampus are modulated by the positions and trajectories of others. To understand how encoding spatial information of multiple agents shapes neural representations, we train a recurrent neural network (RNN) model that captures properties of MEC to path integrate trajectories of two agents simultaneously navigating the same environment. We find significant differences between these RNNs and those trained to path integrate only a single agent. At the individual unit level, RNNs trained to path integrate more than one agent develop weaker grid responses, stronger border responses, and tuning for the relative position of the two agents. At the population level, they develop more distributed and robust representations, with changes in network dynamics and manifold topology. Our results provide testable predictions and open new directions with which to study the neural computations supporting spatial navigation. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Latest Innovations in Intelligent Network-on-Chip Architectures: A Systematic Review

Latest Innovations in Intelligent Network-on-Chip Architectu...

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International Workshop on Network on Chip Architectures, NoCArc

作者： Elena Kakoulli Department of Computer Science Intelligent Systems Laboratory Neapolis University Pafos Pafos Cyprus Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9798331506421

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506438

This review investigates the latest advancements in intelligent Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures, focusing on innovations from 2022 to 2024. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) into NoC designs has driven significant improvements in performance, scalability, energy efficiency, and security. Key contributions include AI/ML-driven techniques to optimize routing, reduce latency, manage power consumption, and enhancing security against emerging threats. Despite these advancements, challenges such as computational overhead and integration complexities remain. This review consolidates these findings, addresses existing challenges, and proposes future research directions to further leverage AI and ML for developing robust and adaptable NoC architectures.

关键词： Technological innovation Scalability Power system management computer architecture Network-on-chip Predictive models Routing Energy efficiency Complexity theory Security

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Exploring the Integration of Educational Robotics and the Internet of Things in Learning Environments

Exploring the Integration of Educational Robotics and the In...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor systems (DCOSS)

作者： Elena Kakoulli Salomi Evripidou Department of Computer Science Intelligent Systems Laboratory Neapolis University Pafos Pafos Cyprus Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9798350369441

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369458

This study explores the integration of Educational Robotics (ER) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in learning environments, highlighting their collective impact on educational practices. It assesses ER and IoT’s application, challenges, and opportunities, offering insights into their role in enhancing pedagogy and learning outcomes. Specifically, our exploration uncovers the transformative potential of ER and IoT in fostering critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and digital literacy among students and reveals the pivotal role these technologies play in preparing learners for the demands of the digital age and Industry 4.0, while also highlighting the need for strategic implementation and teacher support. Our findings elucidate the potential of ER and IoT to innovate teaching strategies and curriculum design, serving as a guide for educational stakeholders, such as curriculum developers, educators, researchers, and policymakers, in leveraging these technologies to revolutionize instructional practices.

关键词： Training Information age Fourth Industrial Revolution Internet of Things Stakeholders Problem-solving Distributed computing

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Comment on“In vivo flow cytometry reveals a circadian rhythm of circulating tumor cells”

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1998-1999页

作者： Amber L.Williams Jessica E.Fitzgerald Fernando Ivich Eduardo DSontag Mark Niedre Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy *** involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from *** biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.

关键词： biopsy metastasis furthermore

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