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Annual International Symposium on Reliability Physics

作者： Tao Du Wei Zhang Xuanyao Fong Guangxi Hu Peng Zhou Ye Lu State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798331504779

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504786

In this work, a Voronoi-TCAD co-simulation framework is developed to investigate the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic variation sources on the performance and variability of 2D-layered TFTs. It is found that : i) High trap density exacerbates device variability by amplifying localized energy barriers and enhancing barrier interference; ii) The device variability reaches peak value for intermediate numbers of grains, while increased numbers of grains reduce overall variability due to statistical averaging effects, highlighting the importance of considering both the quantity of grain boundaries and their spatial distribution as key variability sources; iii) interlayer interactions in multilayer structures further exaggerate the device variability, particularly for the on-current. This demands precise control of grain alignment and distribution. These findings emphasize the importance of grain engineering strategies, such as optimizing grain size, reducing defect density, and improving interlayer uniformity, to suppress variability and enhance device performance in large-scale 2D-layered TFT applications.

关键词： Performance evaluation Grain size Grain boundaries Graphical models Fluctuations Interference Reliability engineering Nonhomogeneous media Thin film transistors Physics

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New Intrusion Detection System to Protect MANET Networks Employing Machine Learning Techniques

New Intrusion Detection System to Protect MANET Networks Emp...

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2021 International Conference of Modern Trends in Information and Communication Technology Industry, MTICTI 2021

作者： Khalifa, Marwa Mohammed Ucan, Osman Nuri Ali Alheeti, Khattab M. University of Altinbaş Institute of Graduate Studies Department of Computer Engineering / Information Technologies Turkey University of Altinbaş School of Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Turkey University of Anbar College of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Computer Networking Systems Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9781665414449

The Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the technologies available to protect mobile ad hoc networks. The system monitors the network and detects intrusion from malicious nodes, aiming at passive (eavesdropping) or positive attack to disrupt the network. This paper proposes a new Intrusion detection system using three Machine Learning (ML) techniques. The ML techniques were Random Forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), and Naïve Bayes(NB) were used to classify nodes in MANET. The data set was generated by the simulator network simulator-2 (NS-2). The routing protocol was used is Dynamic Source Routing (DSR). The type of IDS used is a Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS). The dataset was pre-processed, then split into two subsets, 67% for training and 33% for testing employing Python Version 3.8.8. Obtaining good results for RF, SVM and NB when applied randomly selected features in the trial and error method from the dataset to improve the performance of the IDS and reduce time spent for training and testing. The system showed promising results, especially with RF, where the accuracy rate reached 100%. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Sensitivity of DC Network Representation for GIC Analysis

Sensitivity of DC Network Representation for GIC Analysis

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IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)

作者： Aniruddh Mishra Arthur K. Barnes Jose E. Tabarez Adam Mate Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX Information Systems and Modeling Group Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM

ISBN: (数字)9798331541125

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541132

Geomagnetic disturbances are a threat to the reliability and security of our national critical energy infrastructures. These events specifically result in geomagnetically induced currents, which can cause damage to transformers due to magnetic saturation. In order to mitigate these effects, blocker devices must be placed in optimal locations. Finding this placement requires a dc representation of the ac transmission lines, which this paper discusses. Different decisions in this process, including the method of representing the blocking devices, result in significant variations to the power loss calculations. To analyze these effects, we conclude the paper by comparing the losses on a sample network with different modeling implementations.

关键词： Analytical models Sensitivity Substations Power transmission lines Windings Circuit faults Security Reliability Electric fields Saturation magnetization

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Implementing Digital Twins for Enhanced Energy Management in Three Case Studies

Implementing Digital Twins for Enhanced Energy Management in...

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2024 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Living Environment, MetroLivEnv 2024

作者： Testasecca, Tancredi Stamatopoulos, Stathis Natalini, Andrea Lazzaro, Marilena Capizzi, Chiara Maria Sarmas, Elissaios Arnone, Diego Università degli Studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Ingegneria Palermo Italy School of Electrical & Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Decision Support Systems Laboratory Athens Greece Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.A. Digital Twin and IOT Solutions Department Rome Italy Digital Hubs Engineering Ingegneria Informatica S.p.A. Palermo Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385014

Digitalization is recognized as a powerful enabler for decarbonizing the building sector. The International Energy Agency has highlighted its potential to improve safety, productivity, accessibility, and sustainability of energy systems. This work aims to present innovative applications of digital twins within the European Project DigiBUILD, focusing on optimizing energy systems for enhanced efficiency and reduced carbon footprint. The architecture of the developed digital twins w detailed, focusing on data collection, services description, and their implementation. Through three detailed case studies, the paper explores real applications of digital twins: the Heron pilot, whose aim is to manage a cluster of buildings and optimally charges electric vehicles to reduce carbon emissions;Veolia, where a district heating networks to optimally manage heat sources in the production plant to reduce gas consumption and emissions;and Emotion, focusing on a building equipped with photovoltaic panels and electric vehicles and implementing services for optimal vehicle charging to maximize self-consumption, in day-ahead scheduling but also in real time. A discussion finally highlights the challenges and limitations encountered in the deployment of digital twins, emphasizing the importance of user interaction in facilitating efficient energy management. This research contributes in underlining the significant potential of digital twins in advancing the digitalization of the energy sector, contributing to the European Union's goals for sustainability and reduced environmental impact. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Carbon footprint

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A Survey of Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence and 6G Mobile Services: Architectures, Solutions, Technologies and Outlooks

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and networking 2025年第3期11卷 1334-1356页

作者： Liu, Yi-Jing Du, Hongyang Xu, Xinyi Zhang, Ruichen Feng, Gang Cao, Bin Niyato, Dusit Kim, Dong In Jamalipour, Abbas Letaief, Khaled B. Tafazolli, Rahim University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Lab on Wireless Communications Chengdu China University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore Singapore Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing China Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of University of Sydney School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sydney Australia Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong University of Surrey Institute for Communication Systems School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering United Kingdom

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly driving a new phase of artificial intelligence revolution, marked by various applications such as ChatGPT, Sora and DeepSeek. With powerful capabilities in content generation, personalization and user interaction, GenAI can drive significant enhancements in various mobile services to satisfy individual user preferences. Meanwhile, mobile services offer substantial support for accessibility, functionality and intelligence of GenAI applications. However, current research on integrating GenAI and mobile services remains nascent, lacking necessary theoretical and technical support. In this survey, we break down a new vision to guide research on integrating GenAI and mobile services, aiming to improve 6G intelligence levels and enable 6G mobile networks to support the integration of GenAI and mobile services effectively. We begin by examining the necessity of integrating GenAI with 6G mobile services and exploring potential learning architectures of GenAI models within mobile networks. Next, we analyze potential solutions from two perspectives: how 6G mobile networks empower GenAI and how GenAI enables mobile services. We subsequently explore a promising use case, along with essential features and techniques, to facilitate the integration of GenAI and mobile services. Finally, we discuss future research directions, aiming at realizing intelligent 6G networks. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Detection of Detonators in Baggage Using Deep CNN Architecture: A Comparative Study of Contrast Enhancement and Feature Extraction Methods 8

Detection of Detonators in Baggage Using Deep CNN Architectu...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Image and Signal Processing and their Applications, ISPA 2024

作者： Lynda, Oulhissane Mostefa, Merah Moldovanu, Simona Moraru, Luminita LSS Faculty of Science and Technology Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University Laboratory of Signals and Systems Mostaganem Algeria Faculty of Automation Computers Electrical Engineering and Electronics Dunarea de Jos University of Galati Modelling & Simulation Laboratory MSlab Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Galati Romania Faculty of Sciences and Environment Modelling & Simulation Laboratory Dunarea de Jos University of Galati MSlab Department of Chemistry Physics & Environment Galati Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309249

Visual inspection of dual-energy X-ray radiographic images of cabin baggage requires high performance, but is hindered by various challenges such as low target prevalence, variability in target visibility, possible presence of multiple targets, and security personnel fatigue and inattention. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown promise in improving the automatic detection of explosives, even with low-resolution radiographic images, especially in high baggage throughput scenarios. In this paper, we focus on the detection of detonators as components of improvised explosive devices. The proposed approach involves comparing two experiments implemented in a deep CNN architecture using TensorFlow and Keras libraries. In the first experiment, raw dual-energy radiographic images without any enhancement were used. The second experiment includes three methods for contrast enhancement and feature extraction: the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) method, the wavelet transform-based method, and the mixed CLAHE RGB-Wavelet method. In the latter two methods, Haar, Db2, Coif2, and Sym2 mother wavelet functions at two levels (HH and HL) were employed. The analysis of results focuses on a comparative study of performance measures such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. It was found that the preprocessing methods used in experiment 2, for the two evaluated classes (detonator and no detonator), achieved higher accuracy compared to the raw radiographic images used in experiment 1 (98.08%). The highest accuracies in experiment 2, with a value of 100%, were obtained with the CLAHE method (green channel in grayscale, blue channel in grayscale, and RGB channels) and the wavelet transform method with Haar mother wavelet at two levels HL © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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On Shaping Gain of Multidimensional Constellation in Linear and Nonlinear Optical Fiber Channel

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Bin Liang, Zhiwei Lei, Yi Deng, JingXin Li, Shen Liga, Gabriele School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université Laval Québec Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

Utilizing the multi-dimensional (MD) space for constellation shaping has been proven to be an effective approach for achieving shaping gains. Despite there exists a variety of MD modulation formats tailored for specific optical transmission scenarios, there remains a notable absence of a dependable comparison method for efficiently and promptly re-evaluating their performance in arbitrary transmission systems. In this paper, we introduce an analytical nonlinear interference (NLI) power model-based shaping gain estimation method to enable a fast performance evaluation of various MD modulation formats in coherent dual-polarization (DP) optical transmission system. In order to extend the applicability of this method to a broader set of modulation formats, we extend the established NLI model to take the 4D joint distribution into account and thus able to analyze the complex interactions of non-iid signaling in DP systems. With the help of the NLI model, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art modulation formats and investigate their actual shaping gains in two types of optical fiber communication scenarios (multi-span and single-span). The numerical simulation shows that for arbitrary modulation formats, the NLI power and relative shaping gains in terms of signal-to-noise ratio can be more accurately estimated by capturing the statistics of MD symbols. Furthermore, the proposed method further validates the effectiveness of the reported NLI-tolerant modulation format in the literature, which reveals that the linear shaping gains and modulation-dependent NLI should be jointly considered for nonlinearity mitigation. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Disturbance Rejection Control for PMSGs Based on Novel Sliding Mode Control Law and Unknown System Disturbance Estimator

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2025年

作者： Wei, Chun Yin, Tianqi Qiao, Wei Zhu, Ying Zhejiang University of Technology College of Information Engineering Zhejiang Hangzhou310023 China University of Nebraska-Lincoln Power and Energy Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering LincolnNE68588 United States Hohai University School of Electrical and Power Engineering Nanjing211100 China

This paper proposes a novel terminal sliding mode control strategy for the speed control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) to improve wind power generation efficiency. Firstly, a novel terminal sliding mode function based on exponential convergence is constructed, and a controller is designed accordingly, effectively addressing the system's nonlinear characteristics while achieving high precision tracking and chattering suppression with rapid convergence. Secondly, an unknown system dynamic estimator (USDE) is designed to estimate disturbances caused by external environments and inaccurate model parameters, further enhancing the system's disturbance rejection capability. Finally, the proposed USDE-based novel exponential sliding mode control is applied in a 1000 W PMSG-based WECS hardware simulator. Experimental results indicate that compared to the full-order sliding mode controller, the proposed control method exhibits stronger speed tracking, chattering suppression, and disturbance rejection capabilities. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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Two-Stage Representation Refinement Based on Convex Combination for 3-D Human Poses Estimation

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第12期5卷 6500-6508页

作者： Chen, Luefeng Cao, Wei Zheng, Biao Wu, Min Pedrycz, Witold Hirota, Kaoru China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Macau University of Science and Technology Institute of Systems Engineering Taipa999078 China Istinye University Research Center of Performance and Productivity Analysis Istanbul34010 Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama226-8502 Japan

In the human pose estimation task, on the one hand, 3-D pose always has difficulty in dividing different 2-D poses if the view is limited;on the other hand, it is hard to reduce the lifting ambiguity because of the lack of depth information, it is an important and challenging problem. Therefore, two-stage representation refinement based on the convex combination for 3-D human pose estimation is proposed, in which the two-stage method includes a dense-spatial-temporal convolutional network and a local-to-refine network. The former is applied to determine the features between each video frame;the latter is used to get the different scales of pose details. It aims to address the difficulty of estimating 3-D human pose from 2-D image sequences. In such a way, it can better use the relations between every frame in the sequence of the pose video to produce more accurate results. Finally, we combine the above network with a block called convex combination to help refine the 3-D pose location. We test the proposed approach on both Human3.6m and MPII datasets. The result confirms that our method can achieve better performance than improved CNN supervision, a simple yet effective baseline, and coarse-to-fine volumetric prediction. Besides, a robustness test experiment is carried out for the proposed method while the input is interrupted. The result verifies that our method shows better robustness. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Dual-timescales Optimization for Resource Slicing and Task Scheduling in Satellite Edge Computing Networks

Dual-timescales Optimization for Resource Slicing and Task S...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Zeru Fang Qinqin Tang Renchao Xie Tao Huang Tianjiao Chen F. Richard Yu State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China China Mobile Research Institute Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781728190549

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190556

This paper establishes a dual-timescale framework for joint resource slicing and task scheduling in satellite edge computing (SEC) networks. Specifically, to capture network dynamics and task stochasticity at small timescales, we formulate the task scheduling problem as a Markov decision process (MDP) to minimize task delay, network energy consumption, and packet loss. We design a deep reinforcement learning-assisted task scheduling (DRTS) algorithm inspired by the soft actor-critic (SAC) algorithm to learn the scheduling policy. Task processing performance is affected by communication and computing re-sources allocated to respective resource slices. Thus, considering that frequent resource slicing has a significant management over-head, we further optimize resource slices on a larger timescale. To obtain a policy with low complexity, we propose a greedy-based heuristic algorithm. A hierarchical solution is constructed to find the optimal solution due to the correlation between the two timescale problems. Finally, to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheme, extensive simulations are performed.

关键词： Energy consumption Satellites Processor scheduling Heuristic algorithms Packet loss Dynamic scheduling Delays

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