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Mobile scanning system for the fast digitization of existing roadways and structures

Sensor Review 2006年第4期26卷 283-289页

作者： Grinstead, Brad Sukumar, Sreenivas Page, David Koschan, Andreas Gorsich, David Abidi, Mongi A. Imaging Robotics and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States US Army RDECOM Tank-Automotive Research Development and Engineering Center Warren MI United States

Purpose - To present a Mobile Scanning System for digitizing three-dimensional (3D) models of real-world terrain. Design/methodology/approach - A combination of sensors (video, laser range, positioning, orientation) is placed on a mobile platform, which moves past the scene to be digitized. Data fusion from the sensors is performed to construct an accurate 3D model of the target environment. Findings - The developed system can acquire accurate models of real-world environments in real time, at resolutions suitable for a variety of tasks. Originality/value - Treating the individual subsystems of the mobile scanning system independently yields a robust system that can be easily reconfigured on the fly for a variety of scanning scenarios. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

关键词： Analog to digital conversion

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Spatio-temporal characteristics of point and field sources in wireless sensor networks

Spatio-temporal characteristics of point and field sources i...

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2006 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2006

作者： Vuran, Mehmet C. Akan, Özgür B. Broadband and Wireless Networking Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Middle East Technical University 06531 Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)1424403553

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are comprised of densely deployed sensor nodes collaboratively observing and communicating extracted information about a physical phenomenon. Dense deployment of sensor nodes makes the sensor observations highly correlated in the space domain. In addition, consecutive samples obtained by a sensor node are also temporally correlated for the applications involving the observation of the variation of a physical phenomenon. Based on the physical characteristics and dispersion pattern over the area, the phenomenon to be observed can be modeled as point source or field source. Clearly, understanding the spatio-temporal correlation characteristics of the point and field sources brings potential advantages to be exploited in the design of efficient communication protocols. In this paper, a theoretical analysis of spatio-temporal correlation in WSN is carried out. The objective of this analysis is to capture the spatio-temporal characteristics of point and field sources in WSN. First, the model for point and field sources are developed and their spatio-temporal characteristics are analytically derived along with the distortion functions. Based on the theoretical analysis, numerical simulations are performed. This analytical work provides tools for finding the feasible operating region in terms of spatial and temporal resolution for a specific distortion constraint considering spatio-temporal correlation, signal properties, and network variables in WSN. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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A study of particle swarm optimization in gene regulatory networks inference

A study of particle swarm optimization in gene regulatory ne...

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3rd International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2006 - Advances in Neural Networks

作者： Xu, Rui Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh Wunsch II, Donald C. Applied Computational Intelligence Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO 65409 United States Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO 65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540344829

Gene regulatory inference from time series gene expression data, generated from DNA microarray, has become increasingly important in investigating genes functions and unveiling fundamental cellular processes. Computational methods in machine learning and neural networks play an active role in analyzing the obtained data. Here, we investigate the performance of particle swarm optimization (PSO) on the reconstruction of gene networks, which is modeled with recurrent neural networks (RNN). The experimental results on a synthetic data set are presented to show the parameter effects of PSO on RNN training and the effectiveness of the proposed method in revealing the gene relations. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

关键词： Genetic engineering

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Quantifying and reducing the effects of wrong-path memory references in cache-coherent multiprocessor systems 20

Quantifying and reducing the effects of wrong-path memory re...

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20th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2006

作者： Sendag, Resit Yilmazer, Ayse Yi, Joshua J. Uht, Augustus K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston RI United States Networking and Computing Systems Group Freescale Semiconductor Inc. Austin TX United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424400546

High-performance multiprocessor systems built around out-of-order processors with aggressive branch predictors execute many memory references that turn out to be on a mispredicted branch path. Previous work that focused on uniprocessors showed that these wrong-path memory references may pollute the caches by bringing in data that are not needed on the correct execution path and by evicting useful data or instructions. Additionally, they may also increase the amount of cache and memory traffic. On the positive side, however, they may have a prefetching effect for memory references on the correct path. While computer architects have thoroughly studied the impact of wrong-path effects in uniprocessor systems, there is no previous work on its effects in multiprocessor systems. In this paper, we explore the effects of wrong-path memory references on the memory system behavior of shared-memory multiprocessor (SMP) systems for both broadcast and directory-based cache coherence. Our results show that these wrong-path memory references can increase the amount of cache-to-cache transfers by 32%, invalidations by 8% and 20% for broadcast and directory-based SMPs, respectively, and the number of writebacks by up to 67% for both systems. In addition to the extra coherence traffic, wrong-path memory references also increase the number of cache line state transitions by 21% and 32% for broadcast and directory-based SMPs, respectively. In order to reduce the performance impact of these wrong-path memory references, we introduce two simple mechanisms -filtering wrong-path blocks that are not likely-to-be-used and wrong-path aware cache replacement - that yield speedups of up to 37%. ©2006 IEEE.

关键词： Data storage equipment

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Optimal STATCOM sizing and placement using particle swarn optimization

Optimal STATCOM sizing and placement using particle swarn op...

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2006 IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America, TDC'06

作者： Del Valle, Y. Hernandez, J.C. Venayagamoorthy, G.K. Harley, R.G. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO 65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424402883

Heuristic approaches are traditionally applied to find the size and location of Flexible AC Transmission systems (FACTS) devices in a small power system. Nevertheless, more sophisticated methods are required for placing them in a large power network. Recently, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique has been applied to solve power engineering optimization problems giving better results than classical methods. This paper shows the application of PSO for optimal sizing and allocation of a Static Compensator (STATCOM) in a power system. A 45 bus system (part of the Brazilian power network) is used as an example to illustrate the technique. Results show that the PSO is able to find the best solution with statistical significance and a high degree of convergence. A Detailed description of the method, results and conclusions are also presented. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Flexible AC transmission systems

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Economic aspects of network coding 44

Economic aspects of network coding

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44th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing 2006

作者： Ahmed, Ebad Eryilmaz, Atilla Ozdaglar, Asuman Medard, Muriel Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781604237924

This work focuses on a cellular system scenario of a single base station broadcasting incoming files (or users) to multiple receivers over a time-varying channel. The basestation sets a price per receiver and per file to maximize its profit. The files may or may not enter the system depending on the price of service, the delay performance and their randomly determined valuations. Under this scenario, we consider the use of Network Coding and Scheduling as the transmission strategies. Our analysis provides approximate characterization of the optimal admission rate, price and revenue as functions of the first and second moments of the service time processes under mild assumptions. We show that optimal network coding window size is highly insensitive to the number of receivers, which suggests that pricing and coding decisions can be decoupled. Moreover, we demonstrate that network coding leads to a significant (almost ten-fold) gain in the revenue compared to scheduling.

关键词： Network coding

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Cancellation predictive control for three-phase PWM rectifiers under harmonic and unbalanced input conditions

Cancellation predictive control for three-phase PWM rectifie...

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IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics

作者： Xiao, Peng Corzine, Keith A. Venayagamoorthy, Ganesh K. Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla MO 65409 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424401364

This paper presents an intuitive and simple-to-implement control scheme to improve the performance of three-phase boost-type PWM rectifiers under harmonic and unbalanced input conditions. Unlike most other control strategies, the proposed method does not need to extract either the harmonic or the negative-sequence components in the supply voltages and currents. A near-synchronous reference frame is used to determine the positive-sequence fundamental-frequency component in the input voltages. Utilizing only the extracted component, the dc-link voltage control and power factor control are implemented independently to determine the phase angle and magnitude of the PWM reference voltage. The commanded rectifier voltage adjustments are superimposed upon the grid voltages in such a way that the distortions (both harmonic and negative sequence components) are effectively cancelled. By employing a near-synchronous reference frame, no line-synchronization algorithm or hardware PLL is needed, so very little computational effort is required for its implementation. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs very well under extreme harmonic and unbalanced conditions such as when one or even two phases of the grid voltages are zero. In order to further verify its effectiveness, a laboratory hardware platform has been developed. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Pulse width modulation

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A novel seven-level shunt active filter for high-power drive systems

A novel seven-level shunt active filter for high-power drive...

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IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics

ISBN: (纸本)1424401364

In high-power adjustable speed motor drives, such as those used in electric ship propulsion systems, active filters provide a viable solution to mitigating harmonic related issues caused by diode or thyristor rectifier front-ends. To handle the large compensation currents and provide better thermal management, two or more paralleled semiconductor switching devices are often used. In this paper, a novel topology is proposed where two active filter inverters are connected with tapped reactors to share the compensation currents. The proposed active filter topology can also produce seven voltage levels, which significantly reduces the switching current ripple and the size of ripple filters. Based on the joint redundant state selection strategy, a current-balancing algorithm is proposed to keep the reactor magnetizing current to a minimum. It is shown through simulation that the proposed active filter can achieve high overall system performance. The system is also implemented on a real-time digital simulator to further verify its effectiveness. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Bandpass filters

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Autonomous load shedding in a nanogrid using DC bus signalling

Autonomous load shedding in a nanogrid using DC bus signalli...

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IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics

作者： Schönberger, John Round, Simon Duke, Richard Power Electronic Systems Laboratory ETH Zürich Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)1424401364

Including load shedding in the system control strategy for a small standalone hybrid power system such as a nanogrid is beneficial since the peak generation requirement is reduced and the system is protected from a complete collapse under overload conditions. Autonomous load shedding can be implemented in a nanogrid that uses DC bus signalling for source scheduling by shedding loads when the dc bus voltage decreases to a level that signals an overload condition. This paper explains the control requirements for the system interface converters that is required to permit load shedding and explains a procedure for implementing a prioritized load shedding scheme in a practical system. Experimental results are included to illustrate the operation of this control strategy. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Electric load shedding

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Boosting ethernet using regular switching hubs

Boosting ethernet using regular switching hubs

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作者： Hsueh, Chih-Wen Lin, Hsin-Hung Huang, Guo-Chiuan Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Real-Time Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 621 Taiwan

Ethernet is the most pervasive communication technology in use today. It is a standard for connecting computers to form a local area network and provides a common method for the exchange of data. In this paper, we propose a Linux solution, BondingPlus, to support real-time control and boost bandwidth using multiple network interface cards connected to regular switching hubs in an Ethernet environment. BondingPlus schedules packets in the data link layer without modification to the hardware or operating system in the host machine. Real-time packets can be transmitted via one or several dedicated bonding Ethernet interfaces, and there is no competition with low priority packets. Transmission delay and network jitter for real-time packets can be dramatically reduced. Furthermore, bandwidth can be increased in proportion to the number of bonding Ethernet interfaces under both TCP and UDP transmission. Various types of systems, such as clustering and parallel systems, can be enhanced at minimal hardware cost.

关键词： Communication systems

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