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6th IEEE International Conference on computer and Information Technology, CIT 2006

作者： Jinseok, Lee Jaechan, Lim Sangjin, Hong Park, Peom Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University - SUNY Stony Brook NY 11794-2350 Department of Industrial and Information Engineering Ajou University Humintec Co. Ltd. Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)076952687X

This paper presents a formulation of particle filter for tracking an object in 3-D space. The 3-D tracking algorithm is derived based on bearings only tracking algorithm that is applied in tracking of an object in 2-D space with one angle measurement. We investigate and present the fusion process of the algorithms. The performance of the proposed algorithms are evaluated in detail. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Tracking (position)

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Exponential convergence flow control model for congestion control

Exponential convergence flow control model for congestion co...

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2006 IEEE International Conference on networking, Sensing and Control, ICNSC'06

作者： Weirong, Liu Jianqiang, Yi Dongbin, Zhao Wen, John T. IEEE Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Department of Electrical Computer and Sysrems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424400651

Recently, many new flow control mechanisms derived from classic Kelly model are proposed to solve network congestion problem. They perform well in stability, fairness or robustness. However, Most of them convergence rates are linear since in classic Kelly model, link price is only positive. In addition, some need to introduce extra packet header to get price information. In this paper, we present a novel flow control model based on Kelly model in which link price can be negative to improve the convergence rate. Further, The proposed model uses two bits of ECN field in IP header to feed back price instead of introducing new packet header data. By this approach, we can implement flow control scheme achieving exponential convergence in traditional TCP/IP datagram format. NS2 simulation results show that our model can keep the advantages of other flow mechanisms, such as fairness and asymptotic stability with more rapid convergence rate. ©2006 IEEE.

关键词： Congestion control (communication)

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Voice over Sensor Networks

Voice over Sensor Networks

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Real-Time systems Symposium (RTSS)

作者： Rahul Mangharam Anthony Rowe Raj Rajkumar Ryohei Suzuki Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University USA Ubiquitous Networking Laboratory Tokyo Denki University Japan

Wireless sensor networks have traditionally focused on low duty-cycle applications where sensor data are reported periodically in the order of seconds or even longer. This is due to typically slow changes in physical variables, the need to keep node costs low and the goal of extending battery lifetime. However, there is a growing need to support real-time streaming of audio and/or low-rate video even in wireless sensor networks for use in emergency situations and short-term intruder detection. In this paper, we present FireFly, a time-synchronized sensor network platform for real-time data streaming across multiple hops. FireFly is composed of several integrated layers including specialized low-cost hardware, a sensor network operating system, a real-time link layer and network scheduling which together provide efficient support for applications with timing constraints. In order to achieve high end-to-end throughput, bounded latency and predictable lifetime, we employ hardware-based time synchronization. Multiple tasks including audio sampling, networking and sensor reading are scheduled using the nano-RK RTOS. We have implemented RT-Link, a TDMA-based link layer protocol for message exchange on well-defined time slots and pipelining along multiple hops. We use this platform to support 2-way audio streaming concurrently with sensing tasks. For interactive voice, we investigate TDMA-based slot scheduling with balanced bi-directional latency while meeting audio timeliness requirements. Finally, we describe our experimental deployment of 42 nodes in a coal mine, and present measurements of the end-to-end throughput, jitter, packet loss and voice quality

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Streaming media Throughput Delay Costs Batteries Hardware Sensor systems and applications Network operating systems Real time systems

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Crosstalk in counter-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers with DTDM pumping

Crosstalk in counter-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers wit...

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IEEE International Workshop on Electronic Design, Test and Applications (DELTA)

作者： V. Kalavally M. Premaratne T. Win Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Malaysia Petaling Jaya Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL) Victoria Australia

A crosstalk effect in counter-pumped distributed Raman amplifiers (DRAs) with discrete time-division multiplexed (DTDM) pumping is investigated using numerical modeling. We show that the pump repetition frequency has an impact on the pump mediated cross modulation between two channels. Crosstalk effects between channels are shown to be worse in the case of DTDM pumping in comparison with continuous wave (CW) pumping at lower pump repetition frequencies

关键词： Crosstalk Stimulated emission Distributed amplifiers Frequency Time division multiplexing Laser excitation Pump lasers Optical noise Laser noise systems engineering and theory

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Spectral content characterization for efficient image detection algorithm design

Spectral content characterization for efficient image detect...

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6th IEEE International Conference on computer and Information Technology, CIT 2006

作者： Park, Kyoung-Su Hong, Sangjin Park, Peom Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University - SUNY Stony Brook NY 11794-2350 United States Department of Industrial and Information Engineering Ajou University Humintec Co. Ltd. Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)076952687X

This paper presents spectral characterization for efficient image detection using hyperspectral processing technique. We investigate relationship between the number of bands used in the detection so that the minimum number of bands are used in the processing. This approach reduces computation and implementation complexity of the algorithms. Specifically, we considered contribution coefficient by each band and based on this coefficient, we heuristically select the bands for processing. We have shown that for effective detection, only small number of bands are needed. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Image analysis

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Supervisory signal transmission in distributed Raman amplifiers

Supervisory signal transmission in distributed Raman amplifi...

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IEEE International Workshop on Electronic Design, Test and Applications (DELTA)

作者： Lau Bei Yer V. Kalavally M. Premaratne Tin Win Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory AXL Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University VIC Australia

Design parameters of a supervisory (SV) system intended for a distributed Raman amplifier (DBA) is investigated theoretically. The pump is low frequency modulated to transmit supervisory information which forms part of the fault management system in a Raman amplified fiber optic network. Issues regarding modulation frequency of the SV signal and its effect on the integrity of the signal are studied. Power penalty issues due to introduction of the SV signal in the optical network are also studied. These theoretical studies are based on numerical solution of coupled propagation equations for counter-pumped DRA.

关键词： Stimulated emission Distributed amplifiers Optical transmitters Repeaters Frequency Optical pumping Optical amplifiers Design engineering Distributed computing Optical propagation

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The Robot Software Communications Architecture (RSCA): Embedded middleware for networked service robots 20

The Robot Software Communications Architecture (RSCA): Embed...

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20th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2006

作者： Hong, Seongsoo Lee, Jaesoo Eom, Hyeonsang Jeon, Gwangil Real-Time Operating Systems Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Republic of Distributed Information Processing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic University 2121 Jungwang-Dong Siheung-Si Gyunggi-Do 429-793 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1424400546

In this paper, we present a robot middleware technology named Robot Software Communications Architecture (RSCA) for its use in networked home service robots. The RSCA provides a standard operating environment for the robot applications together with a framework that expedites the development of such applications. The operating environment is comprised of a real-time operating system, a communication middleware, and a deployment middleware. Particularly, the deployment middleware supports the reconfiguration of component-based robot applications including installation, creation, start, stop, tear-down, and un-installation, In designing RSCA, we have adopted a middleware called SCA from the software defined radio domain and extend it since the original SCA lacks the real-time guarantees and appropriate event services. We have fully implemented RSCA and performed measurements to quantify its run-time performance. Our implementation clearly shows the viability of RSCA. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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Fault-Tolerant Scheduling of Independent Tasks in Computational Grid

Fault-Tolerant Scheduling of Independent Tasks in Computatio...

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International Conference on Communication systems

作者： Qin Zheng Bharadwaj Veeravalli Chen-khong Tham Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Laboratory (CNDS) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

Primary-backup approach is a common approach used for fault tolerance wherein each task has a primary copy and a backup copy on two different processors. The backup copy can overlap with other backup copies on the same processor, as long as their corresponding primary copies are scheduled on different processors. In this paper, we consider the problem of fault-tolerant scheduling of independent tasks using primary-backup approach with backup overlapping in computational grid. A fault-tolerant scheduling algorithm is developed which minimizes replication cost for backup copy by taking into account backup overlapping in cost function. A centralized scheme and a distributed scheme are developed for the proposed algorithm and their performance are studied through simulation experiments

关键词： Fault tolerance Processor scheduling Grid computing Fault tolerant systems Cost function Distributed computing Scheduling algorithm computer networks Hardware Intelligent networks

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Resource Unaware Computing - A Distributed Strategy for Divisible Load Processing on Linear Daisy Chain Networks

Resource Unaware Computing - A Distributed Strategy for Divi...

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IEEE International Conference on Networks

作者： Jingxi Jia Bharadwaj Veeravalli Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Laboratory (CNDS) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)0780397460

In this paper we present a novel load distribution strategy for scheduling divisible loads on linear networks, when the speeds of the computing nodes and the speeds of the communication links are unknown. This practical assumption is captured in our problem formulation and we present a novel strategy, referred to as early start strategy (ESS), to generate a load distribution. Our strategy estimates the speed parameters and takes distinct advantage in utilizing a processor that responds earliest in the computation and including other fast processors in a progressive manner in phases to minimize the overall processing time. We analyze the strategy under several influencing parameters such as, load size, network size, and probe load size. We present simulation studies to validate all the theoretical findings and quantify the performance of our strategy

关键词： computer networks Distributed computing Processor scheduling Electronic switching systems Probes Delay effects Laboratories Drives Distribution strategy Parameter estimation

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Optimum supportable global population: Water accounting and dietary considerations

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Environment, Development and Sustainability 2006年第3期8卷 313-349页

作者： Susiarjo, Gundo Sreenath, Sree N. Vali, Ali M. Global Systems Laboratory United States UNESCO Global Problematique Education Network Initiative (GENIe) Cleveland OH United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106-7071 United States

In this paper we develop a novel, comprehensive method for estimating the global human carrying capacity in reference to food production factors and levels of food consumption. Other important interrelated dimensions of carrying capacity such as energy, non-renewable resources, and ecology are not considered here and offer opportunities for future work. Use of grain production (rain-fed/irrigated), animal product production (grazing/factory farm), diet pattern (grain/animal products), and a novel water accounting method (demand/supply) based on actual water consumption and not on withdrawal, help resolve uncertainties to find better estimates. Current Western European food consumption is used as a goal for the entire world. Then the carrying capacity lies in the range of 4.5-4.7 billion but requiring agricultural water use increase by 450-530% to 4725-5480 km³, the range based on different estimates of available water. The cost of trapping and conveying such water, will run 4.5-13.5 trillion over 50 years requiring an annual spending increase of 150-400%, straining the developing world where most of the population increase is expected. We reconfirm estimates in the literature using a dynamic model. 'Corner scenarios' with extreme optimistic assumptions were analyzed using the reasoning support software system GLOBESIGHT. With a hypothetical scenario with a mainly vegetarian diet (grazing only with 5% animal product), the carrying capacity can be as high as 14 billion. Ecological deterioration that surely accompanies such a population increase would negatively impact sustainable population. Using our approach the impact of ecological damage could be studied. Inter- and intra-regional inequities are other considerations that need to be studied. © Springer 2006.

关键词： Carrying capacity estimates Food production and consumption Scenario analysis Water use accounting

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