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User-Centric Multi-Static Sensing for Joint User and Target Tracking in Mobile Wireless systems

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Hu, Boyang Tian, Hui Ni, Wei Fan, Shaoshuai Hossain, Ekram Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China University of Technology Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology SydneyNSW2007 Australia University of Manitoba Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WinnipegMBR3T 2N2 Canada

This paper presents a novel user-centric sensing framework, where a user equipment (UE) acts as the receiver of a multi-static radar sensing system and utilizes the communication signals emitted by base stations (BSs) and scattered by the targets for joint UE and target tracking. Specifically, we propose to locate the UE using the least squares (LS) estimator with a one-dimensional (1D) search and then develop a two-dimensional (2D) target identification approach using the estimated target location and motion of each path based on mean-shift clustering. After the motion parameters of the UE and targets are estimated, a joint UE and target tracking algorithm is designed based on the analysis of the localization and motion estimation errors. Extensive simulations corroborate the ability of our approach to estimate target parameters and cluster and identify targets. Specifically, the average estimation error of the target number is only 0.18. The speed and heading accuracy of the UE and targets is [0.121 m/s, 3.879°] and [0.199 m/s, 4.669°], respectively. In joint UE and target tracking, our scheme outperforms the benchmarks of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and belief propagation (BP) by at least 33.16% and 10.29%, respectively, even though the EKF and BP require a-priori knowledge of the motion parameters and target identification. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Aircraft detection

YOLO: An Efficient Terahertz Band Integrated Sensing and Communications Scheme with Beam Squint

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luo, Hongliang Gao, Feifei Lin, Hai Ma, Shaodan Vincent Poor, H. Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka Sakai Japan State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States

Using communications signals for dynamic target sensing is an important component of integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). In this paper, we propose to utilize the beam squint effect to realize fast non-cooperative dynamic target sensing in massive multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) Terahertz band communications systems. Specifically, we construct a wideband channel model of the echo signals, and design a beamforming strategy that controls the range of beam squint by adjusting the values of phase shifters and true time delay lines. With this design, beams at different subcarriers can be aligned along different directions in a planned way. Then the received echo signals at different subcarriers will carry target information in different directions, based on which the targets’ angles can be estimated through sophisticatedly designed algorithm. Moreover, we propose a supporting method based on extended array signal estimation, which utilizes the phase changes of different frequency subcarriers within different orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols to estimate the distances and velocities of dynamic targets. Interestingly, the proposed sensing scheme only needs to transmit and receive the signals once, which can be termed as You Only Listen Once (YOLO). Compared with the traditional ISAC methods that require time consuming beam sweeping, the proposed one greatly reduces the sensing overhead. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Meta-State-Space Learning: An Identification Approach for Stochastic Dynamical systems

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Beintema, Gerben I. Schoukens, Maarten Toth, Roland Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands Systems and Control Laboratory HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

Available methods for identification of stochastic dynamical systems from input-output data generally impose restricting structural assumptions on either the noise structure in the data-generating system or the possible state probability distributions. In this paper, we introduce a novel identification method of such systems, which results in a dynamical model that is able to produce the time-varying output distribution accurately without taking restrictive assumptions on the data-generating process. The method is formulated by first deriving a novel and exact representation of a wide class of nonlinear stochastic systems in a so-called meta-state-space form, where the meta-state can be interpreted as a parameter vector of a state probability function space parameterization. As the resulting representation of the meta-state dynamics is deterministic, we can capture the stochastic system based on a deterministic model, which is highly attractive for identification. The meta-state-space representation often involves unknown and heavily nonlinear functions, hence, we propose an artificial neural network (ANN)-based identification method capable of efficiently learning nonlinear meta-state-space models. We demonstrate that the proposed identification method can obtain models with a log-likelihood close to the theoretical limit even for highly nonlinear, highly stochastic systems. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

Hidden Convexity-Based Distributed Operation of Integrated Electricity-Gas systems

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Rong-Peng Song, Yue Liu, Junhong Wang, Xiaozhe Guo, Jinpeng Hou, Yunhe The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University MontrealQCH3A 0E9 Canada The State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Department of Energy and Electrical Engineering Ho-Hai University Jiangsu Nanjing China

This letter proposes a hidden convexity-based method to address distributed optimal energy flow (OEF) problems for transmission-level integrated electricity-gas systems. First, we develop a node-wise decoupling method to decompose an OEF problem into multiple OEF subproblems. Then, we propose a hidden convexity-based method to equivalently reformulate nonconvex OEF subproblems as semi-definite programs. This method differs from any approximation and convexification methods that may incur infeasible solutions. Since all OEF subproblems are originally convex or equivalently convexified, we adopt an ADMM to solve the hidden convexity-based distributed OEF problem with convergence analysis. Test results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, especially in handling a large number of agents. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quadratic programming

Toward Value-oriented Renewable Energy Forecasting: An Iterative Learning Approach

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Yufan Jia, Mengshuo Wen, Honglin Bian, Yuexin Shi, Yuanyuan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego United States Power Systems Laboratory ETH Zürich Zürich8092 Switzerland Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

Energy forecasting is an essential task in power system operations. Operators usually issue forecasts and use them to schedule energy dispatch in advance. However, forecasting models are typically developed in a way that overlooks the decision value of forecasts. To bridge the gap, we design a value-oriented point forecasting approach for sequential energy dispatch problems with renewable energy sources. At the training phase, we align the training objective with the decision value, i.e., minimizing the overall operating cost. The forecasting model parameter estimation is formulated as a bilevel program. Under mild assumptions, we convert the upper-level objective into an equivalent form using the dual solutions obtained from the lower-level operation problems. In addition, a novel iterative solution strategy is proposed for the newly formulated bilevel program. Under such an iterative scheme, we show that the upper-level objective is locally linear with respect to the forecasting model output and can act as the loss function. Numerical experiments demonstrate that, compared to commonly used forecasts predicting expected realization, forecasts obtained by the proposed approach result in lower operating costs. Meanwhile, the proposed approach achieves performance comparable to that of two-stage stochastic programs, but is more computationally efficient. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Cost functions

Dead-time Compensation Method for Bus-clamping Modulated Voltage Source Inverter

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ghaderloo, Reza Asrar Shen, Yidi Singhabahu, Chanaka Resalayyan, Rakesh Khaligh, Alireza Maryland Power Electronics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

Bus-clamping Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is an effective method to reduce the switching loss in a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI). In bus-clamping PWM scheme, the phase legs are switched using high frequency PWM signals for two-third of the line cycle, while for the remaining duration of cycle, the pole voltage is clamped to either positive or negative rail of the DC bus. In PWM operation of a half bridge, a dead-time is applied between the gate signals of complementary switches to ensure safe and reliable operation. However, introduction of dead-time leads to poor power quality, increased Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and variation in actual voltage compared to the intended pole voltage. Moreover, when the bus-clamping technique is used, the PWM has both high frequency switching region and clamped region in a line cycle, and consequently, the undesired effects of dead-time are further aggravated. Therefore, in order to enhance the quality of output voltage, this paper presents a dead-time compensation strategy for a VSI operating with bus-clamping PWM. The proposed method calculates the required compensation term to be added on the modulation signal considering wide range of operating conditions. Additionally, the compensation includes a new strategy for low current conditions near zero-crossing to avoid distortion. The proposed method is verified by simulation and experiments in a three-phase VSI with a switching frequency of 100 kHz and a fundamental frequency of 60Hz. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pulse width modulation

Predictive Prescription of Unit Commitment Decisions Under Net Load Uncertainty

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Predictive Prescription of Unit Commitment Decisions Under N...

Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT)

作者： Ogun Yurdakul Feng Qiu Sahin Albayrak Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technical University of Berlin Berlin Germany Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA

To take unit commitment (UC) decisions under uncertain net load, most studies utilize a stochastic UC (SUC) model that adopts a one-size-fits-all representation of uncertainty. Disregarding contextual information such as weather forecasts and temporal information, these models are typically plagued by a poor out-of-sample performance. To effectively exploit contextual information, in this paper, we formulate a conditional SUC problem that is solved given a covariate observation. The presented problem relies on the true conditional distribution of net load and so cannot be solved in practice. To approximate its solution, we put forward a predictive prescription framework, which leverages a machine learning model to derive weights that are used in solving a reweighted sample average approximation problem. In contrast with existing predictive prescription frameworks, we manipulate the weights that the learning model delivers based on the specific dataset, present a method to select pertinent covariates, and tune the hyperparameters of the framework based on the out-of-sample cost of its policies. We conduct extensive numerical studies, which lay out the relative merits of the framework vis-à-vis various benchmarks.

关键词： Radio frequency Training Costs Uncertainty Stochastic processes Weather forecasting Predictive models

Plate Shape Prediction Based on Data-Driven in Roll Quenching Process

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Plate Shape Prediction Based on Data-Driven in Roll Quenchin...

2023 China Automation Congress, CAC 2023

作者： Hu, Liu Chen, Luefeng Hu, Jie Wu, Min Pedrycz, Witold Hirota, Kaoru School of Automation Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems The Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6R 2G7 Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw00-901 Poland Istinye University The Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Sariyer34396 Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Yokohama226-8502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303759

In the process of steel plate production, predicting the plate shape is of great significance for producing high-quality and consistently stable plate shapes. This paper presents a model that predicts both the defect types and flatness of the plate, providing theoretical support for setting process parameters in roller quenching production. First, the parameters of the quenching process are analyzed to identify their characteristics. Then, the K-Means clustering algorithm and correlation analysis are employed to process the quenching process parameters. A gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model is used to predict the defect types and flatness of the steel plates. Finally, industrial production data is utilized for experimental validation. The obtained experimental results verify the reliability of the proposed method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

A Highly Efficient Algorithm for Phased-Array mmWave Massive MIMO Beamforming

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 679-694页

作者： Ayman Abdulhadi Althuwayb Fazirulhisyam Hashim Jiun Terng Liew Imran Khan Jeong Woo Lee Emmanuel Ampoma Affum Abdeldjalil Ouahabi Sébastien Jacques Department of Electrical Engineering Jouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72388Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia(UPM)Serdang43400Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPakistan School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974Korea Electrical and Electronic Department Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana UMR 1253 iBrainUniversitéde ToursINSERMToursFrance LIMPAF Laboratory Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of BouiraBouira10000Algeria University of Tours(France) GREMAN UMR 7347CNRSINSA Centre Val-de-LoireTours37100France

With the rapid development of the mobile internet and the internet of things(IoT),the fifth generation(5G)mobile communication system is seeing explosive growth in data *** addition,low-frequency spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce and there is now an urgent need to switch to higher frequency *** wave(mmWave)technology has several outstanding features—it is one of the most well-known 5G technologies and has the capacity to fulfil many of the requirements of future wireless ***,it has an abundant resource spectrum,which can significantly increase the communication rate of a mobile communication *** such,it is now considered a key technology for future mobile *** communication technology also has a more open network architecture;it can deliver varied services and be applied in many *** contrast,traditional,all-digital precoding systems have the drawbacks of high computational complexity and higher power *** paper examines the implementation of a new hybrid precoding system that significantly reduces both calculational complexity and energy *** primary idea is to generate several sub-channels with equal gain by dividing the channel by the geometric mean decomposition(GMD).In this process,the objective function of the spectral efficiency is derived,then the basic tracking principle and least square(LS)techniques are deployed to design the proposed hybrid *** results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves system performance and reduces computational complexity by more than 45%compared to traditional algorithms.

关键词： 5G mmWave phased array algorithm antenna beamforming