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Kinematic analysis and position/force control of the anthrobot dextrous hand

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS 1997年第1期27卷 95-104页

作者： Kyriakopoulos, KJ VanRiper, J Zink, A Stephanou, HE New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics and Electrical Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

The increasing demand for robotic applications in unstructured environments is motivating the need for dextrous end-effecters which can cope with the wide variety of tasks and objects encountered in these environments, A new anthropomorphic robot hand (Anthrobot) which was designed for these environments is described. In this paper, the problem of developing the kinematics and unit consistent hybrid position/force control of the Anthrobot fingers is considered as the first step toward its utilization for either teleoperation or autonomous operation, A dynamic model of the fingers is identified and used to develop the control laws, The experimental results of applying the control to the Anthrobot are discussed.

关键词： Kinematics Force control Fingers robotics and automation Robots Humans Thumb Anthropomorphism Vehicle dynamics Power system modeling

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Sensor-based self-localization for wheeled mobile robots

Sensor-based self-localization for wheeled mobile robots

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Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on robotics and automation

作者： Curran, A. Kyriakopolous, K.J. New York State Cent for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818634529

In this paper, we demonstrate a reliable and robust algorithm to localize a mobile robot in a relatively consistent with an a priori map indoors environment. This algorithm uses an Extended Kalman Filter that combines deadreckoning, ultrasonic, and infrared sensor data to estimate current position and orientation. Through a thresholding approach, unexpected obstacles can be detected. Experimental results from implementation on our mobile robot, Nomad-200, are also presented.

关键词： Robots

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Perturbation refinement method for nonholonomic motion planning

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Proceedings of the 1992 American Control Conference

作者： Divelbiss, A.W. Wen, J. New York State Cent for Advanced Technology in Robotics and Automation Troy United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780302109

The kinematic path planning problem of a nonholonomic system can be posed as a point-to-point control problem of a nonlinear system. This system has the property that it is not locally stabilizable but is globally controllable. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for constructing a feasible path between specified initial and final configurations. Polyhedral constraints in both configuration and non-configuration spaces (possibly non-convex) can also be incorporated in this framework. The algorithm is based on the assumption that the system is usually controllable about a non-trivial trajectory, which is true for many cases. An initial trajectory is iteratively warped until the desired final configuration is reached. Examples of a front-wheel driven car, and tractors with one, two, and three trailers are included to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Nonlinear control systems

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Optimal motion planning for collision avoidance of mobile robots in non-stationary environments

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Proceedings of the 1992 American Control Conference

作者： Kyriakopoulos, K.J. Saridis, G.N. New York State Cent for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics Troy NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780302109

An optimal control formulation of the problem of collision avoidance of mobile robots moving in general terrains containing moving obstacles is presented. A dynamic model of the mobile robot and the dynamic constraints are derived. Collision avoidance is guaranteed if the minimum distance between the robot and the objects is nonzero. A nominal trajectory is assumed to be known from off-line planning. The main idea is to change the velocity along the nominal trajectory so that collisions are avoided. Furthermore, time consistency with the nominal plan is desirable. A numerical solution of the optimization problem is obtained. A perturbation control type of approach is used to update the optimal plan. Simulation results verify the value of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Issues in fine motion planning for assembly 3

Issues in fine motion planning for assembly

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3rd Annual Conference on Intelligent Robotic Systems for Space Exploration, IRSSE 1991

作者： Gottschlich, Sue New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Robotics and Automation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180-3590 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818625953

A common problem in robotic assembly is that of mating tightly fitting parts when the locations and the dimensions of the parts are somewhat uncertain. Because the clearances allowed between mating features of parts are likely to be smaller then the aggregate uncertainties, it is often necessary to use sensoryguided motions, as opposed to point-to-point motions, for carrying out portions of an assembly operation. In this paper we will discuss a fine motion planner that develops motion plans for assembly operations where force/torque guided motions are incorporated into the plan as needed. While much work in fine motion planning has focused on dealing with the uncertainties involved, this paper will expose equally important issues that arise in assembly motion planning due to the complicated geometry of assembly parts and the tight clearances allowed between mating features of assembly parts. © 1991 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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FINDING A SEQUENCE OF SENSOR OPERATIONS FOR VOLUMETRIC INSPECTION

FINDING A SEQUENCE OF SENSOR OPERATIONS FOR VOLUMETRIC INSPE...

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1992 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics

作者： TARBOX, GH GOTTSCHLICH, SN GERHARDT, LA New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Robotics and Automation Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy 12180-3590 NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780307208

A system for exhaustively inspecting a workpiece, not merely certain features, is presented. The system is based on comparing a volumetric representation of a reference object to a volumetric representation of an actual object iteratively created from sensor data. The use of volumetric representations gives this approach a number of distinct advantages over the more traditional boundary-based inspection methods: the method is capable of handling arbitrarily complex geometries and does not rely on the identification of features, it lends itself naturally to a multi-sensor environment, and it facilitates true 3D inspection as opposed to methods that require dimensional reductions of data by projection onto a 2D plane. This paper focuses on an important aspect of volumetric inspection - the automatic generation of a sequence of sensor operations that will acquire the complete geometry of the object being inspected. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Inspection

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FUZZY PROXIMITY-MEASURES FOR ROBOT GRASP PLANNING

FUZZY PROXIMITY-MEASURES FOR ROBOT GRASP PLANNING

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1992 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON INTELLIGENT CONTROL

作者： SRIDHARAN, K STEPHANOU, HE New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy 12180-3590 NY United States

Faat procedures for computing fuzzy prozimity meaaurea between a multifingered robot hand and an object to be grasped are presented in this paper. The computation useful in graap planning and in analyzing the local be... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0780305469

关键词： Robot programming

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On the derivation of geometric constraints in stereo

On the derivation of geometric constraints in stereo

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1992 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 1992

作者： Stewart, C.V. Department of Computer Science New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180-3590 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818628553

Probability density functions (PDFs) are derived for many of the geometric measurements upon which stereo matching techniques are based, including orientation differences between matching line segments or curves, the gradient of disparity, the directional derivative of disparity, and disparity differences between matches. The PDFs resulting from the transformations are used to critically examine many existing stereo techniques. Several techniques based on these PDFs are proposed. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Probability density function

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A WORKCELL BASED ROBOT DESIGN PROGRAM

A WORKCELL BASED ROBOT DESIGN PROGRAM

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ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences, DETC 1998

作者： Derby, Stephen Mechatronics and Assembly Lab New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation Robotics and Manufacturing Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791880357

This paper discusses a computer graphics program that helps to design a robot based on an existing workcell that would be difficult or costly to modify. Standard robot bases, as well as tracked robots, are located to minimize the error of the desired taught robot gripper positions. Error levels are established based on the angle of the misalignment and the length of the required loading or unloading motion. Program implementation is detailed. © 1998 by ASME.

关键词： Robots

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The window corner algorithm for planning translational paths among polyhedral subassemblies

The window corner algorithm for planning translational paths...

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1992 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS 1992

作者： Krishnan, S.S. Sanderson, A.C. New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics and Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780307372

In this paper, we present a complete and exact algorithm for planning a geometrically feasible path for a polyhedral subassembly (robot) translating amongst polyhedral obstacles. Our algorithm can be used to determine whether a pair of non-convex subassemblies can be separated by a sequence of fine-motions and, possibly, contact-motions, when the amount of free space tends to be severly limited. We present the three-dimensional Window Corner algorithm to plan feasible paths. The algorithm solves the FeosiblePath problem, in worst-case time O(m5) where m is the product of the number of vertices describing the robot and obstacles respectively. A Feasiblepath solution hierarchy, for assembly sequence planning, is described for incremental, straight-line and multi-step paths. The Polyhedral Cone Representation (PCR) is introduced to efficiently represent the geometrical constraints on translation and as a basis for fast collision avoidance checks. We introduce the concept of Window Corners in the PCR and this results in a finite search space. The Polyhedral Cone Obstacle Representation (PCUR), which is a constructive representation of all boundary contact configurations, transforms the problem into that of a point moving amongst a collection, O(m), of convex obstacles. In comparison, the worstcase space complexity of the C-space boundary is O(m3). Certain contact-constrained, feasible motions, which lie on surfaces without interior points can be inaccessible in a typ i d C-space representation. © 1992 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robot programming

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