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A benchmark system for the assessment of reliability modeling methods for digital instrumentation and control systems in nuclear plants

A benchmark system for the assessment of reliability modelin...

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5th International Topical Meeting on nuclear Plant Instrumentation Controls, and Human Machine Interface Technology (NPIC and HMIT 2006)

作者： Kirschenbaum, J. Stovsky, M. Mandelli, D. Bucci, P. Aldemir, T. Miller, D.W. Ekici, E. Arndt, S.A. Ohio State University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering 2015 Neil Ave. Columbus OH 43210 Ohio State University Nuclear Engineering Program 201 West 19th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 Ohio State University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2015 Neil Ave. Columbus OH 43210 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Washington DC 20555

ISBN: (纸本)0894480510

This paper presents a candidate system for use as a benchmark in the assessment of methods for the reliability modeling of digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems. The system specification is based closely on a steam generator feedwater control system in an operating pressurized water reactor. Several failure scenarios that demonstrate the benchmark system's ability to address the features of loosely control-coupled digital I&C systems are discussed.

关键词： nuclear instrumentation

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Disorder and cluster formation during ion irradiation of Au nanoparticles in SiO2

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Physical Review B 2006年第1期74卷 014202-014202页

作者： P. Kluth B. Johannessen G. J. Foran D. J. Cookson S. M. Kluth M. C. Ridgway Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization Menai Australia Australian Synchrotron Research Program Building 434 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne Illinois 60439 USA

Au nanoparticles (NPs) have been formed by ion beam synthesis in 600nm thin SiO2. Subsequently the NPs were irradiated with 2.3MeV Sn ions at liquid nitrogen temperature. Samples were analyzed using extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) as a function of Sn irradiation dose. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the NPs largely retain their spherical shape upon irradiation. However, we observe a reduction in average NP size and a concomitant significant narrowing of the size distribution with increasing irradiation dose as consistent with inverse Ostwald ripening. At lower irradiation doses, significant structural disorder is apparent with an effective bond length expansion as consistent with amorphous material. At higher irradiation doses, EXAFS measurements indicate dissolution of a significant fraction of Au from the NPs into the SiO2 matrix (as monomers) and the formation of small Au clusters (dimers, trimers, etc.). We estimate the volume fraction of such monomers/clusters. Ion irradiation thus yields disordering then dissolution of Au NPs.

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Benchmark development for comparing digital instrumentation and control system reliability modeling approaches

Benchmark development for comparing digital instrumentation ...

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American nuclear Society International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Analysis, PSA 05

作者： Kirschenbaum, Jason Bucci, Paolo Stovsky, Michael Aldemir, Tune Arndt, Steven A. Ohio State University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering 395 Dreese Labs. 2015 Neu Ave. Columbus OH 43210 Ohio State University Nuclear Engineering Program Bldg. 1 650 Ackerman Road Columbus OH 43202 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Washington DC 20555

ISBN: (纸本)089448690X

In nuclear power plants, there is an accelerating trend to upgrade and replace analog instrumentation and control systems with digital systems. This transition from analog to digital I&C systems is due to their added capabilities and their potential to improve reliability and safety of the corresponding plants. As this replacement process continues, one or more methodologies to address digital I&C system reliability are needed to quantify the risk introduced into the plants by such systems. In reviewing the proposed methodologies, it has become apparent that there is no benchmark system available to be used as the basis for methodology comparison. A set of preliminary requirements for a benchmark system is presented to evaluate objectively methodologies available for the reliability modeling of digital I&C systems in nuclear power plants. These requirements will provide a basis for the future development of a benchmark system.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Determination of hydrogen content by PGAA in lithium ion battery cathode materials

Determination of hydrogen content by PGAA in lithium ion bat...

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2005 Winter Meeting - American nuclear Society

作者： Alvarez, II, Emilio Manthiram, Arumugam Biegalski, Steven R. Landsberger, Sheldon University of Texas at Austin Department of Mechanical Engineering Austin TX 78712 United States Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory PRC R9000 Bldg. 159 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program ETC 9.104 1 University Station C2200 United States

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A survey of reliability modeling methodologies for digital instrumentation and control systems

A survey of reliability modeling methodologies for digital i...

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2005 Annual Meeting - American nuclear Society

作者： Kirschenbaum, Jason Stovsky, Michael Bucci, Paolo Aldemir, Tune Arndt, Steven A. Ohio State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering 395 Dreese Labs. 2015 Neil Ave. Columbus OH 43210 United States 4837 Carrigan Ridge Drive Dublin OH 43017 United States Ohio State University Nuclear Engineering Program Bldg. 1 650 Ackerman Road Columbus OH 43202 United States U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Washington DC 20555 United States

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Passive decay heat removal in a fluidized bed nuclear reactor

Passive decay heat removal in a fluidized bed nuclear reacto...

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PHYSOR 2004: The Physics of Fuel Cycles and Advanced nuclear Systems - Global Developments

作者： Agung, A. Lathouwers, D. Van Der Hagen, T.H.J.J. Van Dam, H. Pain, C.C. De Oliveira, C.R.E. Goddard, A.J.H. Eaton, M.D. Gomes, J.L.M.A. Miles, B. Interfaculty Reactor Institute Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15 2629 JB Delft Netherlands Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine London SW7 2BP United Kingdom Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Program George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0405 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0894486837

Numerical simulations have been performed to investigate the possibility of passive decay heat removal in a fluidized bed nuclear reactor. The conduction, convection and radiative heat transfer were included and the high Reynolds number k-Ε turbulence model was applied for the flow calculations. A P 1 approximation method for participating media was used for the radiation model. The reactor was modeled as a 2D axisymmetric cylinder. Calculations were performed for different initial total operating power to see whether the associated decay heat can be removed by passive means without compromising the safety margin. The results show the decay heat can be removed by passive means up to operating powers of about 55 MW. Further the results showed that all heat transfer mechanisms are of importance to remove heat from the bed of fuel particles to the reflector.

关键词： nuclear reactors

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Doe's effort to reduce truck aerodynamic drag - joint experiments and computations lead to smart design

Doe's effort to reduce truck aerodynamic drag - joint experi...

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34th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit 2004

作者： McCallen, Rose C. Salari, Kambiz Ortega, Jason M. DeChant, Larry J. Hassan, Basil Roy, Christopher J. Pointer, W. David Browand, Fred Hammache, Mustapha Hsu, Tsun-Ya Leonard, Anthony Rubel, Mike Chatalain, Philippe Englar, Robert Ross, James Satran, D. Heineck, James T. Walker, Stephen Yaste, D. Storms, B. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551 United States Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM 87185-0825 United States Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 United States Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 United States University of Southern California LosAngeles CA 90089-1191 United States Georgia Tech Research Institute Atlanta GA 30332 United States NASA Ames Research Center Moffet Field CA 94035 United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing P.O. Box 808 L-98 United States New Technologies Engineering Division P.O. Box 808 L-644 United States Aerosciences and Compressible Fluid Mechanics Dept. PO Box 5800 MS 0825 United States Aerospace Engineering Dept. 211 Aerospace Engineering Bldg United States Nuclear Engineering Division NE-208 United States Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering MS 1191 United States Engineering and Applied Science 1200 East California Blvd. MC 301-46 United States Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories 1200 East California Blvd. MC 205-45 United States Aerospace Transportation and Advanced Systems Code 0844 United States Systems Analysis Branch MS 260-1 United States Aeronautical Projects and Program Office MS 260-1 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624100314

At 70 miles per hour, overcoming aerodynamic drag represents about 65% of the total energy expenditure for a typical heavy truck vehicle. The goal of this US Department of Energy supported consortium is to establish a clear understanding of the drag producing flow phenomena. This is being accomplished through joint experiments and computations, leading to the 'smart' design of drag reducing devices. This paper will describe our objective and approach, provide an overview of our efforts and accomplishments, and discuss our future direction. © 2004 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.

关键词： Aerodynamic drag

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Development of radioisotope energy conversion systems-efficient radioisotopic power

Development of radioisotope energy conversion systems-effici...

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2nd International Congress on Advances in nuclear Power Plants, ICAPP 2003

作者： Steinfelds, Eric V. Ghosh, Tushar K. Prelas, Mark A. Tompson, Robert V. Loyalka, Sudarshan K. Nuclear Science and Engineering Institute Nuclear Engineering Program Engineering Bldg. East University of Missouri at Columbia Columbia MO 65211 United States

The topic of this paper is the development of the Radioisotope Energy Conversion System (RECS) in a project which is utilizing analytical computational assisted Design and experimental Research in the investigation of fluoresces and effective transducers with the appropriate energy range choice for the conversion of energy. - It is desirable to increase to efficiency in electrical power from kinetic radioisotope power of radioisotope power generators. A major step in this direction is the development and use of Radioisotope Energy Conversion Systems to supplement and ideally replace Radioactive Thermal Generators (RTG). It is possible to achieve electrical conversion efficiencies exceeding 25% for RECS power devices compared with only 8 percent efficiency for RTG's.

关键词： Radioisotopes

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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC)and corrosion fatigue cracking (CFC) of a duplex stainless steel in white water environments

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC)and corrosion fatigue crackin...

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Corrosion 2003

作者： Perdomo, J.J. Singh, P.M. Mahmood, J. Oteng, J.E. Corrosion and Materials Engineering Group Institute of Paper Science and Technology AtlantaGA30318-5794 United States Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program Morehouse College Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30314-3773 United States

The present article addresses the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and subsequent corrosion fatigue cracking (CFC) behavior of a heat-treated duplex stainless steel (DSS)in papermachine white waters containing chloride and thiosulfate ions. According to the potentiodynamic and slow strain rate tests (SSRT) carried out in this study, it is believed that crack initiation corresponds to an SCC film rupture process during paper-machine shutdowns where ionic concentrations of species increase due to white water evaporation. Crack initiation occurs by pitting within ferrite grains or near grain boundaries where metallurgical changes produced during heat treatments play an important role. Once cracks have initiated, they will propagate by fatigue during alternate cycling loads produced in normal operation of the paper machine. © 2003 by NACE International.

关键词： Chlorine compounds

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Human systems integration and advanced technology in engineering department workload and manpower reduction

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 57-65页

作者： Lively, KA Seman, AJ Kirkpatrick, M KENNETH A. LIVELY graduated from the University of Colorado with a BS in applied mathematics and an MS in mathematics in 1976 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an MS in electrical engineering and the degree ocean engineer in naval architecture and marine engineering in 1984. He retired from the U.S. Navy in 1989 after 23 years of service. Assignments included electrical officer on the USS Constellation (CV 64) project engineer for the DDG 51 machinery control system (NAVSEA) and DDG 51 Technical Director (NAVSEA). He was vice president of the PDI Division of Bird-Johnson Company from July 1989 to November 1998 where he managed various gas turbine and machinery controls related development projects. He joined Anteon Corporation's Systems Engineering Group as senior controls engineer in December 1998 where he provided technical support to the integrated power systems program (NAVSEA PMS 510) and managed the Office of Naval Research Afloat Laboratory. DR. MARK KIRKPATRICK is currently an independent consultant in human factors and work-load/manning analysis and modeling. He holds a Ph.D. degree in experimental psychology from The Ohio State University and has 34 years of experience in applied human factors. From 1982 through 2000 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as the senior vice president of Carlow International. Prior to joining Carlow in 1982 Dr. Kirkpatrick served as a member of the technical staff at North American Rockwell's Missiles Division and as a project director and vice president for Essex Corporation. His areas of expertise include workload simulation task analysis operator-in-the-loop simulation human performance experimentation statistical analysis and human factors T&E. He has directed and/or participated in human factors projects for the U.S. Navy U.S. Army NASA Department of Transportation the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and private industry. ANTHONY J. SEMAN III is the technical manager for the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence (RSVP) advanced technology d

Aboard current ships, such as the DDG 51, engineering control and damage control activities are manpower intensive. It is anticipated that, for future combatants, the workload demand arising from operation of systems under conditions of normal steaming and during casualty response will need to be markedly reduced via automated monitoring, autonomous control, and other technology initiatives. Current DDG 51 class ships can be considered as a manpower baseline and under Condition III typical engineering control involves seven to eight watchstanders at manned stations in the Central Control Station, the engine rooms and other machinery spaces. In contrast to this manning level, initiatives such as DD 21 and the integrated engineering plant (IEP) envision a partnership between the operator and the automation system, with more and more of the operator's functions being shifted to the automation system as manning levels decrease. This paper describes some human systems integration studies of workload demand reduction and, consequently, manning reduction that can be achieved due to application of several advanced technology concepts. Advanced system concept studies in relation to workload demand are described and reviewed including. Piecemeal applications of diverse automation and remote control technology concepts to selected high driver tasks in current DDG 51 activities. Development of the reduced ship's crew by virtual presence system that will provide automated monitoring and display to operators of machinery health, compartment conditions, and personnel health. The IEP envisions the machinery control system as a provider of resources that are used by various consumers around the ship. Resource needs and consumer priorities are at all times dependent upon the ship's current mission and the availability of equipment pawnbrokers.

关键词： Naval warfare

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