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arXiv 2024年

作者： Venkatesan, Balaji Guan, Syu-You Chang, Jen-Te Chiu, Shiang-Bin Yang, Po-Yuan Su, Chih-Chuan Chang, Tay-Rong Raju, Kalaivanan Sankar, Raman Fongchaiya, Somboon Chu, Ming-Wen Chang, Chia-Seng Chang, Guoqing Lin, Hsin Del Maestro, Adrian Kao, Ying-Jer Chuang, Tien-Ming Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Taiwan University Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng-Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Institute for Advanced Materials & Manufacturing University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Center for Quantum Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10607 Taiwan

Electronic liquid crystal (ELC) phases are spontaneous symmetry breaking states believed to arise from strong electron correlation in quantum materials such as cuprates and iron pnictides. Here, we report a direct observation of a smectic phase in a weakly correlated Dirac nodal line (DNL) semimetal GdSbxTe2-x. Incommensurate smectic charge modulation and intense local unidirectional nanostructure are visualized by using spectroscopic imaging - scanning tunneling microscopy. As topological materials with symmetry protected Dirac or Weyl fermions are mostly weakly correlated, the discovery of such an ELC phase are anomalous and raise questions on the origin of their emergence. Specifically, we demonstrate how chemical substitution generates these symmetry breaking phases before the system undergoes a charge density wave (CDW) - orthorhombic structural transition. Our results highlight the importance of impurities in realizing ELC phases and present a new material platform for exploring the interplay among quenched disorder, topology and electron correlation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge density waves

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Meta-analysis of CO_(2) conversion,energy efficiency,and other performance data of plasma-catalysis reactors with the open access PIONEER database

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 318-342,I0007页

作者： Antoine Salden Maik Budde Carolina A.Garcia-Soto Omar Biondo Jairo Barauna Marzia Faedda Beatrice Musig ChloéFromentin Minh Nguyen-Quang Harry Philpott Golshid Hasrack Domenico Aceto Yuxiang Cai Federico Azzolina Jury Annemie Bogaerts Patrick Da Costa Richard Engeln María Elena Gálvez Timo Gans Tomas Garcia Vasco Guerra Carlos Henriques Monika Motak Maria Victoria Navarro Vasile I.Parvulescu Gerard Van Rooij Bogdan Samojeden Ana Sobota Paolo Tosi Xin Tu Olivier Guaitella Department of Physics University of Trento38100 PovoItaly Department of Applied Physics and Science Education Eindhoven University of Technology5600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa1049-001 LisboaPortugal LPP CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéParis-SaclayIP-Paris 91128 PalaiseauFrance Department of Organic Chemistry Biochemistry and CatalysisUniversity of BucharestBucharestRomania Research Group PLASMANT Department of ChemistryUniversity of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 1Wilrijk B-2610Belgium DIFFER 5612AJ EindhovenThe Netherlands Instituto de Carboquímica ICB-CSIC Zaragoza 50018Spain Faculty of Energy and Fuels AGH University of KrakowKrakowPoland Institut Jean le Rond d’Alembert CNRS UMR 7190-Sorbonne UniversitéSaint-Cyr l’Ecole 78210France Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie(LCS) CNRS-ENSICAEN-Universitéde Caen6 boulevard du Maréchal-Juin14000 CaenFrance CQE Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaAv.Rovisco Pais1049-001 LisboaPortugal School of Physical Sciences and National Centre for Plasma Science and Technology Faculty of Science and HealthDublin City UniversityDublinIreland ASML De Run 65015504 DR VeldhovenThe Netherlands Faculty of Science and Engineering Maastricht University6229 GS MaastrichtThe Netherlands CNR Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi(ISTP)Italy Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GJUK

This paper brings the comparison of performances of CO_(2)conversion by plasma and plasma-assisted catalysis based on the data collected from literature in this field,organised in an open access online *** tool is open to all users to carry out their own analyses,but also to contributors who wish to add their data to the database in order to improve the relevance of the comparisons made,and ultimately to improve the efficiency of CO_(2)conversion by *** creation of this database and database user interface is motivated by the fact that plasma-catalysis is a fast-growing field for all CO_(2)conversion processes,be it methanation,dry reforming of methane,methanolisation,or *** a result of this rapid increase,there is a need for a set of standard procedures to rigorously compare performances of different ***,this is currently not possible because the fundamental mechanisms of plasma-catalysis are still too poorly understood to define these standard *** however,the accumulated data within the CO_(2)plasma-catalysis community has become large enough to warrant so-called“big data”studies more familiar in the fields of medicine and the social *** enable comparisons between multiple data sets and make future research more effective,this work proposes the first database on CO_(2)conversion performances by plasma-catalysis open to the whole *** database has been initiated in the framework of a H_(2)0_(2)0 European project and is called the“PIONEER Data Base”.The database gathers a large amount of CO_(2)conversion performance data such as conversion rate,energy efficiency,and selectivity for numerous plasma sources coupled with or without a *** data set is associated with metadata describing the gas mixture,the plasma source,the nature of the catalyst,and the form of coupling with the *** the database itself,a data extraction tool with direct visualisation features or advance

关键词： Open-access database on plasma-catalysis experiment CO_(2) conversion Plasma-catalysis Carbon capture and utilisation(CCU) Energy efficiency Specific energy input Dielectric barrier discharge Packed bed reactor Methanation Dry reforming of methane

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Experimental research of the energy bins for K-edge imaging using a photon counting detector:a phantom and mice study

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2020年第3期4卷 303-311页

作者： Zhidu Zhang Jinming Hu Xiao mei Zhang Qiong Xu Mohan Li Cunfeng Wei Long Wei Zhe Wang Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Jinan Laboratory of Applied Nuclear Science Jinan 250131China

Purpose K-edge imaging based on the photon counting detectors(PCDs)is an effective enhanced imaging method because the PCDs are conducive to the K-edge imaging due to the adjustable energy *** energy bins significantly affect the image quality of the K-edge imaging,but the conventional energy bins used for K-edge imaging are continuous which weaken the K-edge signal and decline the image ***,how to get a better K-edge signal by the optimized energy bins is the key point for the K-edge imaging based on the *** This paper experimentally studied the influence of the energy bins used for the K-edge imaging based on the *** conventional energy bins were determined by the theoretical-attenuation method(TAM),and the optimized energy bins were determined by the threshold-scan method(TSM).For the phantom and mice imaging,we performed both the K-edge subtraction algorithm and the K-edge decomposition algorithm on the projections obtained by the energy bins which were determined by the TAM and *** image quality was compared using the CNR of the objective *** The experimental results showed that the energy bins identified by the TSM had a better performance than the TAM in both imaging *** TSM improved the CNR by~39%than the TAM in the phantom results and could better highlight the areas where the contrast agents are enriched(such as the kidney).Conclusions The optimized energy bins can better highlight the K-edge signal than the conventional energy bins which can improve the image quality and have the potential to reduce the amount of the contrast agents.

关键词： Experimental study Energy bins K-edge imaging Photon counting detectors Mice

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Observation of the dual quantum spin Hall insulator by density-tuned correlations in a van der Waals monolayer

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Jian Ding, Thomas Siyuan Chen, Hongyu Gao, Anyuan Qian, Tiema Huang, Zumeng Sun, Zhe Han, Xin Strasser, Alex Li, Jiangxu Geiwitz, Michael Shehabeldin, Mohamed Belosevich, Vsevolod Wang, Zihan Wang, Yiping Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Bell, David C. Wang, Ziqiang Fu, Liang Zhang, Yang Qian, Xiaofeng Burch, Kenneth S. Shi, Youguo Ni, Ni Chang, Guoqing Xu, Su-Yang Ma, Qiong Department of Physics Boston College Chestnut HillMA United States Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences The Center for Nanoscale system Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program CIFAR Toronto Canada

The convergence of topology and correlations represents a highly coveted realm in the pursuit of novel quantum states of matter [1, 2]. Introducing electron correlations to a quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator can lead to the emergence of a fractional topological insulator and other exotic time-reversal-symmetric topological order [3- 10], not possible in quantum Hall and Chern insulator systems. However, the QSH insulator with quantized edge conductance remains rare, let alone that with significant correlations. In this work, we report a novel dual QSH insulator within the intrinsic monolayer crystal of TaIrTe4, arising from the interplay of its single-particle topology and density-tuned electron correlations. At charge neutrality, monolayer TaIrTe4 demonstrates the QSH insulator that aligns with single-particle band structure calculations, manifesting enhanced nonlocal transport and quantized helical edge conductance. Interestingly, upon introducing electrons from charge neutrality, TaIrTe4 only shows metallic behavior in a small range of charge densities but quickly goes into a new insulating state, entirely unexpected based on TaIrTe4's single-particle band structure. This insulating state could arise from a strong electronic instability near the van Hove singularities (VHS), likely leading to a charge density wave (CDW). Remarkably, within this correlated insulating gap, we observe a resurgence of the QSH state, marked by the revival of nonlocal transport and quantized helical edge conduction. Our observation of helical edge conduction in a CDW gap could bridge spin physics and charge orders. The discovery of a dual QSH insulator introduces a new method for creating topological flat minibands via CDW superlattices, which offer a promising platform for exploring time-reversal-symmetric fractional phases and electromagnetism [3-5, 11, 12]. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge density waves

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Laboratory investigation of the jet deflection: collisionless to strong-collision

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lei, Zhu Zhao, Z.H. Li, X.Y. Li, L.X. Xie, Y. Yuan, W.Q. Zhu, B.Q. Zhu, J.Q. Zhu, S.P. He, X.T. Qiao, B. Center for Applied Physics and Technology HEDPS State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100094 China Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China

The interaction between a jet and its surrounding medium plays a crucial role in various astrophysical phenomena, notably in star formation and jet deflection. Despite its significance, the detailed processes and fine shock structures involved in this interaction remain elusive due to limitations in current astronomical facilities, such as the confusing HCO+ emission in the Herbig-Haro (HH) 110/270 system. Here, we investigate the scaled plasma dynamics of this interaction under different collision states using laser-driven experiments. The experimental results demonstrate the importance of collision in jet deflection, revealing a distinctive double-shock structure in collision cases and a double-emission-shell structure in cases of strong collisions. Both cases exhibit a notable deflection of plasma jets by 50◦ as a consequence of interaction with a high-density background. Optical images confirm that the impact point can be pushed into the inside part of the background medium, consistent with previous astrophysical models and simulations. In contrast, collisionless cases exhibit filament structures (the ion skin depth scale), yet there is an absence of discernible deflection in the direction of jet transmission. Furthermore, our findings have implications for understanding the shock structure in the HH 110/270 system. The significant HCO+ emission observed west of HH 110 may be attributed to the impact point being pushed into the inside part of the background. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Astrophysics

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Reducing system dimensionality with long-range collective dipole-dipole interactions

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Boddeti, Ashwin K. Wang, Yi Juarez, Xitlali G. Boltasseva, Alexandra Odom, Teri W. Shalaev, Vladimir Alaeian, Hadiseh Jacob, Zubin Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States

Dimensionality plays a crucial role in long-range dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs). We demonstrate that a resonant nanophotonic structure modifies the apparent dimensionality in an interacting ensemble of emitters, as revealed by population decay dynamics. Our measurements on a dense ensemble of interacting quantum emitters in a resonant nanophotonic structure with long-range DDIs reveal an effective dimensionality reduction to d¯ = 2.20(12), despite the emitters being distributed in 3D. This contrasts the homogeneous environment, where the apparent dimension is d¯ = 3.00. Our work presents a promising avenue to manipulate dimensionality in an ensemble of interacting emitters. © 2023, CC0.

关键词： Dipole moment

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Calendar aging of zinc-ion batteries

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Matter 2025年第5期8卷

作者： Wu, Zhuoxi Li, Qing Chen, Ze Zhi, Chunyi Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR Kowloon999077 China Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau Macau SAR999078 China School of Interdisciplinary Studies Lingnan University Hong Kong China Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR Kowloon999077 China Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR Kowloon999077 China Centre for Advanced Nuclear Safety and Sustainable Development City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR Kowloon999077 China

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered significant attention as potential candidates for large-scale energy storage. In recent years, researchers have made notable progress in extending the cycle life of ZIBs. However, another critical factor, calendar aging, also plays a significant role in applying ZIBs practically. The current research achievements and expectations for the practical application of ZIBs highlight the urgent need for an in-depth investigation of their calendar aging. Nevertheless, the stimuli affecting the calendar aging of ZIBs remain unclear. Before conducting a systematic study, it is essential to identify and clarify the stimuli that may influence the calendar aging of ZIBs and understand the interlaced relationships between them. This perspective comprehensively discusses the potential effects of internal stimuli, such as Zn anode passivation, Zn depletion, electrolyte consumption, and cathode dissolution, as well as external stimuli, including the state of charge (SOC), temperature, pressure, and battery packaging, on the calendar aging of ZIBs. Additionally, some promising research methods are proposed to help researchers further understand and improve the calendar aging of ZIBs. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Topological Surface State Evolution in Bi2Se3 via Surface Etching

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yue, Ziqin Huang, Jianwei Wang, Ruohan Li, Jia-Wan Rong, Hongtao Guo, Yucheng Wu, Han Zhang, Yichen Kono, Junichiro Zhou, Xingjiang Hou, Yusheng Wu, Ruqian Yi, Ming Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices Center for Neutron Science and Technology School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou510275 China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States

Topological insulators are materials with an insulating bulk interior while maintaining gapless boundary states against back scattering. Bi2Se3 is a prototypical topological insulator with a Dirac-cone surface state around Γ. Here, we present a controlled methodology to gradually remove Se atoms from the surface Se-Bi-Se-Bi-Se quintuple layers, eventually forming bilayer-Bi on top of the quintuple bulk. Our method allows us to track the topological surface state and confirm its robustness throughout the surface modification. Importantly, we report a relocation of the topological Dirac cone in both real space and momentum space, as the top surface layer transitions from quintuple Se-Bi-Se-Bi-Se to bilayer-Bi. Additionally, charge transfer among different surface layers is identified. Our study provides a precise method to manipulate surface configurations, allowing for the fine-tuning of the topological surface states in Bi2Se3, which represents a significant advancement towards nano-engineering of topological states. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topological insulators

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Fabrication of Bulk-Sized W-1.1%Tic Alloy with Helium Bubble Retention Via Powder Metallurgical Route Incorporated with Helium Ambient Mechanical Alloying

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Sakamoto, Tatsuaki Yoshida, Kenta Makimura, Shunsuke Noto, Hiroyuki Wakai, Eiichi Nagae, Masahiro Kurishita, Hiroaki Department of Materials Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ehime University 3 Bunkyo-cho Matsuyama Ehime790-8577 Japan Tohoku University Ibaraki Oarai311-1313 Japan Ibaraki Tokai319-1106 Japan Hadron Section Particle & Nuclear Physics Division J-PARC Center Ibaraki Tokai319-1106 Japan National Institute for Fusion Science National Institutes of Natural Science Gifu Toki509-5202 Japan J-PARC center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Ibaraki Tokai319-1195 Japan Research Institute for Applied Sciences 49 Tanaka-Ohicho Sakyoku Kyoto606-8202 Japan

In the field of materials irradiation, it has been noted that incorporating helium (He) element into materials may improve both strength and ductility in the high temperature region where creep occurs. In order to fabricate such new functional materials and apply them to a wide range of fields, it is necessary to establish new fabrication methods for bulk-size materials. In this study, bulk-size W-1.1%TiC alloys containing He bubbles were fabricated by a powder metallurgical route using mechanical alloying in a He environment and subsequent thermo-mechanical processing. Transmission electron microscopy observations, along with the idea of a strong interaction between voids and He atoms, showed that this fabrication process successfully incorporated nano-sized He bubbles into W-1.1%TiC. Since this fabrication process is free of radioactivation and irradiation-induced defects, it will facilitate research into the fundamental understanding of the independent effects of He bubbles on the physical and mechanical properties of various materials. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mechanical alloying

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Nonlinear signatures of Floquet band topology

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Physical Review B 2022年第11期105卷 115133-115133页

作者： Aleksandra Maluckov Ekaterina Smolina Daniel Leykam Sinan Gündoğdu Dimitris G. Angelakis Daria A. Smirnova Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences University of Belgrade National Institute of the Republic of Serbia P.O.B. 522 11001 Belgrade Serbia Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Science Nizhny Novgorod 603950 Russia Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science Daejeon 34126 Korea Department of Physics Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Newtonstrasse 15 12489 Berlin Germany School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Crete Chania 73100 Greece Nonlinear Physics Centre Research School of Physics Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

We study how the nonlinear propagation dynamics of bulk states may be used to distinguish topological phases of slowly driven Floquet lattices. First, we show how instabilities of nonlinear Bloch waves may be used to populate Floquet bands and measure their Chern number via the emergence of nontrivial polarization textures in a similar manner to static (undriven) lattices. Second, we show how the nonlinear dynamics of nonstationary superposition states may be used to identify dynamical symmetry inversion points in the intracycle dynamics, thereby allowing anomalous Floquet phases to be distinguished from the trivial phase. The approaches may be readily implemented using light propagation in nonlinear waveguide arrays.

关键词： Nonlinear optics Photonics Topological materials

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