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IEEE International Conference on Semiconductor Electronics (ICSE)

作者： Izhan Abdullah Azman Jalar Mohammad Azmi Abdul Hamid Ishak Mansor Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis Institute of Micro Engineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia School of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Nuclear Malaysia Agency Bangi Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

Capability and reliability of Silicon Carbide (SiC) material for semiconductor power devices are influence by surface defects. 4H-SiC have been measured to investigate the surface defect on 4H-SiC epitaxial in order to obtain the defects information related to electrical performances. Ohmic contact was prepared using Aluminium and Platinum with thickness 90 nm and 150 nm respectively and annealed at 400 °C at three various time. Surface morphology was observed using both surface profile technique and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) prior to ohmic deposition surface. The mapping defect studies of 4H-SiC surface have revealed that the large area of micropipes and shallow pit will exposed defects exist.

关键词： Surface morphology Surface treatment Annealing Silicon carbide Scanning electron microscopy Schottky diodes

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Medium Modification of Jet Fragmentation in Au+Au Collisions at sNN=200 GeV Measured in Direct Photon-Hadron Correlations

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Physical Review Letters 2013年第3期111卷 032301-032301页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba R. Akimoto H. Al-Bataineh H. Al-Ta’ani J. Alexander A. Angerami K. Aoki N. Apadula L. Aphecetche Y. Aramaki R. Armendariz S. H. Aronson J. Asai H. Asano E. C. Aschenauer E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay A. Baldisseri B. Bannier K. N. Barish P. D. Barnes B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe S. Batsouli V. Baublis C. Baumann S. Baumgart A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley X. Bing D. S. Blau J. G. Boissevain J. S. Bok H. Borel K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell P. Castera B. S. Chang W. C. Chang J.-L. Charvet C.-H. Chen S. Chernichenko C. Y. Chi J. Chiba M. Chiu I. J. Choi J. B. Choi S. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung A. Churyn O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron C. R. Cleven B. A. Cole M. P. Comets M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta M. S. Daugherity G. David M. B. Deaton K. Dehmelt H. Delagrange A. Denisov D. d’Enterria A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond K. V. Dharmawardane O. Dietzsch L. Ding A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees A. K. Dubey J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta V. Dzhordzhadze L. D’Orazio S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko J. Egdemir F. Ellinghaus W. S. Emam T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En’yo S. Esumi K. O. Eyser B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu S. Gadrat K. Gainey C. Gal A. Garishvili I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong X. Gong M. Gonin J. Gosset Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji L. Guo H.-Å. Gustafsson T. Hachiya A. Hadj Henni C. Haegemann J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks H. Harada E. P. Hartouni K. Haruna K. Hashimoto E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester H. Hiejima J. C. Hill R. Hobbs M. Hohlmann R. University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes CNRS-IN2P3 Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes France Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA Dapnia CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France University of California—Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gat

The jet fragmentation function is measured with direct photon-hadron correlations in p+p and Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. The pT of the photon is an excellent approximation to the initial pT of the jet and the ratio zT=pTh/pTγ is used as a proxy for the jet fragmentation function. A statistical subtraction is used to extract the direct photon-hadron yields in Au+Au collisions while a photon isolation cut is applied in p+p. IAA, the ratio of hadron yield opposite the photon in Au+Au to that in p+p, indicates modification of the jet fragmentation function. Suppression, most likely due to energy loss in the medium, is seen at high zT. The associated hadron yield at low zT is enhanced at large angles. Such a trend is expected from redistribution of the lost energy into increased production of low-momentum particles.

关键词： PHOTON-hadron interactions ENERGY dissipation PARTICLES (nuclear physics) PARTICLE interactions PHOTOnuclear reactions

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Transverse-momentum dependence of the J/ψ nuclear modification in d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review C 2013年第3期87卷 034904-034904页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander A. Angerami K. Aoki N. Apadula Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov J. H. Bhom D. S. Blau J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk S. Campbell A. Caringi C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi J. B. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole Z. Conesa del Valle M. Connors T. Csörgő M. Csanád T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David M. K. Dayananda A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond K. V. Dharmawardane O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli L. D’Orazio O. Drapier K. A. Drees A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus H. En'yo T. Engelmore A. Enokizono S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger, Jr. M. Finger F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene G. Grim M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen J. Hanks R. Han E. Haslum R. Hayano M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester X. He J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev Y. Iwanaga B. V. Jacak X. Jiang J. Jia J. Jin B. M. Johnson T. Jones K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu M. Kasai D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima J. Kikuchi A. Kim B. I. Kim D. J. Kim E.-J. Kim Y.-J. Kim E. Kinney Á. Kiss E. Kistenev D. Kleinjan L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kur University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Yonsei University IPAP Seoul 120-749 Korea

We present measured J/ψ production rates in d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV over broad ranges of transverse momentum (pT=0–14 GeV/c) and rapidity (−2.21) for pT>2 GeV/c. The observed enhancement at negative rapidi... 详细信息

We present measured J/ψ production rates in d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV over broad ranges of transverse momentum (pT=0–14 GeV/c) and rapidity (−2.2nuclear-modification factor RdAu for these kinematics and as a function of collision centrality (related to impact parameter for the d+Au collision). We find that the modification is largest for collisions with small impact parameters and observe a suppression (RdAu<1) for pT<4 GeV/c at positive rapidities. At negative rapidity we observe a suppression for pT<2 GeV/c then an enhancement (RdAu>1) for pT>2 GeV/c. The observed enhancement at negative rapidity has implications for the interpretation of the observed modification in heavy-ion collisions at high pT.

关键词： GOLD -- Spectra COLLISIONS (nuclear physics) MOMENTUM (Mechanics) HEAVY-ion atom collisions nuclear physics

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Direct photon production in d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review C 2013年第5期87卷 054907-054907页

作者： A. Adare S. S. Adler S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh A. Al-Jamel J. Alexander A. Angerami K. Aoki N. Apadula L. Aphecetche Y. Aramaki R. Armendariz S. H. Aronson J. Asai E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay A. Baldisseri K. N. Barish P. D. Barnes B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe S. Batsouli V. Baublis F. Bauer C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov J. H. Bhom A. A. Bickley M. T. Bjorndal D. S. Blau J. G. Boissevain J. S. Bok H. Borel K. Boyle M. L. Brooks D. S. Brown N. Bruner D. Bucher H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce J. M. Burward-Hoy S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho X. Camard S. Campbell A. Caringi P. Chand B. S. Chang W. C. Chang J.-L. Charvet C.-H. Chen S. Chernichenko C. Y. Chi J. Chiba M. Chiu I. J. Choi J. B. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung A. Churyn O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron Y. Cobigo B. A. Cole M. P. Comets Z. Conesa del Valle M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő J. P. Cussonneau T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David M. K. Dayananda F. Deák H. Delagrange A. Denisov D. d’Enterria A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond A. Devismes K. V. Dharmawardane O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli J. L. Drachenberg O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees A. K. Dubey J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta V. Dzhordzhadze L. D’Orazio S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En'yo B. Espagnon S. Esumi K. O. Eyser B. Fadem D. E. Fields C. Finck M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin B. D. Fox Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao S.-Y. Fung T. Fusayasu S. Gadrat I. Garishvili M. Germain A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin J. Gosset Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene G. Grim M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson T. Hachiya A. Hadj Henni J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks A. G. Hansen E. P. Hartouni K. Haruna M. Harvey E. Haslum K. Hasuko R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes CNRS-IN2P3 Université de Nantes) B.P. 20722 44307 Nantes France Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA Dapnia CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA Baruch College City University

Direct photons have been measured in sNN=200 GeV d+Au collisions at midrapidity. A wide pT range is covered by measurements of nearly real virtual photons (1<pT<6 GeV/c) and real photons (5<pT<16 GeV/c). T... 详细信息

Direct photons have been measured in sNN=200 GeV d+Au collisions at midrapidity. A wide pT range is covered by measurements of nearly real virtual photons (1nuclear-matter effects describe the data well for the entire pT range. This indicates that the large enhancement of direct photons observed in Au+Au collisions for 1.0nuclear effects.

关键词： photons section enhancement

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Nonlinear Geometric Effects in Mechanical Bistable Morphing Structures

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Physical Review Letters 2012年第11期109卷 114302-114302页

作者： Zi Chen Qiaohang Guo Carmel Majidi Wenzhe Chen David J. Srolovitz Mikko P. Haataja Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China Department of Mathematics and Physics Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China Institute for High Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way Singapore 138632 Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA School of Mathematics Institute for Advanced Study Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA

Bistable structures associated with nonlinear deformation behavior, exemplified by the Venus flytrap and slap bracelet, can switch between different functional shapes upon actuation. Despite numerous efforts in modeling such large deformation behavior of shells, the roles of mechanical and nonlinear geometric effects on bistability remain elusive. We demonstrate, through both theoretical analysis and tabletop experiments, that two dimensionless parameters control bistability. Our work classifies the conditions for bistability, and extends the large deformation theory of plates and shells.

关键词： NONLINEAR theories DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) PARAMETER estimation OPTICAL bistability STRUCTURAL shells PLATES (engineering) CRYSTAL structure

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Neutral pion production with respect to centrality and reaction plane in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review C 2013年第3期87卷 034911-034911页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander K. Aoki Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En'yo S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E. P. Hartouni E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya J. Ide Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev B. V. Jacak J. Jia J. Jin B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima B. I. Kim D. H. Kim D. J. Kim E. Kim E.-J. Kim S. H. Kim Y. J. Kim E. Kinney K. Kiriluk Á. Kiss E. Kistenev L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster D. Kotchetkov A. Kozlov A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kurosawa Y. Kwon G. S. Kyle R. Lacey Y. S. Lai J. G. La University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California-Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad Region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Yonsei University IPAP Seoul 120-749 Korea Los Alamos National Labora

The PHENIX experiment has measured the production of π0s in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 200 GeV. The new data offer a fourfold increase in recorded luminosity, providing higher precision and a larger reach in transverse momentum, pT, to 20 GeV/c. The production ratio of η/π0 is 0.46±0.01(stat)±0.05(syst), constant with pT and collision centrality. The observed ratio is consistent with earlier measurements, as well as with the p+p and d+Au values. π0 are suppressed by a factor of 5, as in earlier findings. However, with the improved statistical precision a small but significant rise of the nuclear modification factor RAA vs pT, with a slope of 0.0106±0.00290.0034 (Gev/c)−1, is discernible in central collisions. A phenomenological extraction of the average fractional parton energy loss shows a decrease with increasing pT. To study the path-length dependence of suppression, the π0 yield is measured at different angles with respect to the event plane; a strong azimuthal dependence of the π0 RAA is observed. The data are compared to theoretical models of parton energy loss as a function of the path length L in the medium. Models based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics are insufficient to describe the data, while a hybrid model utilizing pQCD for the hard interactions and anti-de-Sitter space/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) for the soft interactions is consistent with the data.

关键词： NEUTRAL pion LUMINOSITY nuclear reactions RESEARCH PARTONS PARTICLE range (nuclear physics) PERTURBATIVE quantum chromodynamics CONFORMAL field theory

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Azimuthal anisotropy of π0 and η mesons in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review C 2013年第6期88卷 064910-064910页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander K. Aoki Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En'yo S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E. P. Hartouni E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya J. Ide Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev B. V. Jacak J. Jia J. Jin B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima B. I. Kim D. H. Kim D. J. Kim E. Kim E.-J. Kim S. H. Kim Y.-J. Kim E. Kinney K. Kiriluk Á. Kiss E. Kistenev L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster D. Kotchetkov A. Kozlov A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kurosawa Y. Kwon G. S. Kyle R. Lacey Y. S. Lai J. G. La University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California - Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Yonsei University IPAP Seoul 120-749 Korea Los Alamos National L

The azimuthal anisotropy coefficients v2 and v4 of π0 and η mesons are measured in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV as a function of transverse momentum pT (1–14 GeV/c) and centrality. The extracted v2 coefficients are found to be consistent between the two meson species over the measured pT range. The ratio of v4/v22 for π0 mesons is found to be independent of pT for 1–9 GeV/c, implying a lack of sensitivity of the ratio to the change of underlying physics with pT. Furthermore, the ratio of v4/v22 is systematically larger in central collisions, which may reflect the combined effects of fluctuations in the initial collision geometry and finite viscosity in the evolving medium.

关键词： momentum meson fluctuations Collisions eta mesons Mesons platinum RATIO SENSITIVITY fluctuations

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Spectra and ratios of identified particles in Au+Au and d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

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Physical Review C 2013年第2期88卷 024906-024906页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander A. Angerami K. Aoki N. Apadula Y. Aramaki E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay K. N. Barish B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov J. H. Bhom A. A. Bickley D. S. Blau J. S. Bok K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell A. Caringi C.-H. Chen C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi J. B. Choi R. K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole Z. Conesa del Valle M. Connors P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta G. David M. K. Dayananda A. Denisov A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond K. V. Dharmawardane O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees J. M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta L. D'Orazio S. Edwards Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En'yo S. Esumi B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene G. Grim M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson J. S. Haggerty K. I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E. P. Hartouni E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya J. Ide Y. Ikeda K. Imai M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev Y. Iwanaga B. V. Jacak J. Jia X. Jiang J. Jin B. M. Johnson T. Jones K. S. Joo D. Jouan D. S. Jumper F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu M. Kasai D. Kawall M. Kawashima A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima J. Kikuchi A. Kim B. I. Kim D. H. Kim D. J. Kim E. Kim E.-J. Kim S. H. Kim Y.-J. Kim E. Kin University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Columbia University New York New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories Irvington New York 10533 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA University of California - Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad Region 188300 Russia Institut fur Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University

The transverse momentum (pT) spectra and ratios of identified charged hadrons (π±, K±, p, p¯) produced in sNN=200 GeV Au+Au and d+Au collisions are reported in five different centrality classes for each collision species. The measurements of pions and protons are reported up to pT=6 GeV/c (5 GeV/c), and the measurements of kaons are reported up to pT=4 GeV/c (3.5 GeV/c) in Au+Au (d+Au) collisions. In the intermediate pT region, between 2 and 5 GeV/c, a significant enhancement of baryon-to-meson ratios compared to those measured in p+p collisions is observed. This enhancement is present in both Au+Au and d+Au collisions and increases as the collisions become more central. We compare a class of peripheral Au+Au collisions with a class of central d+Au collisions which have a comparable number of participating nucleons and binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The pT-dependent particle ratios for these classes display a remarkable similarity, which is then discussed.

关键词： PARTICLES (nuclear physics) GOLD ANGULAR momentum (nuclear physics) COLLISIONS (nuclear physics) NUCLEON-nucleon interactions PIONS PROTONS HADRONS SPECTRUM analysis

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Inclusive cross section and single transverse spin asymmetry for very forward neutron production in polarized p+p collisions at s=200 GeV

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Physical Review D 2013年第3期88卷 032006-032006页

作者： A. Adare S. Afanasiev C. Aidala N. N. Ajitanand Y. Akiba H. Al-Bataineh J. Alexander K. Aoki L. Aphecetche J. Asai E. T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T. C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay A. Baldisseri K. N. Barish P. D. Barnes B. Bassalleck A. T. Basye S. Bathe S. Batsouli V. Baublis C. Baumann A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A. A. Bickley J. G. Boissevain H. Borel K. Boyle M. L. Brooks H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C. M. Camacho S. Campbell B. S. Chang W. C. Chang J.-L. Charvet S. Chernichenko C. Y. Chi M. Chiu I. J. Choi R. K. Choudhury T. Chujo P. Chung A. Churyn V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B. A. Cole P. Constantin M. Csanád T. Csörgő T. Dahms S. Dairaku K. Das G. David A. Denisov D. d’Enterria A. Deshpande E. J. Desmond O. Dietzsch A. Dion M. Donadelli O. Drapier A. Drees K. A. Drees A. K. Dubey A. Durum D. Dutta V. Dzhordzhadze Y. V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En’yo S. Esumi K. O. Eyser B. Fadem D. E. Fields M. Finger M. Finger, Jr. F. Fleuret S. L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J. E. Frantz A. Franz A. D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu I. Garishvili A. Glenn H. Gong M. Gonin J. Gosset Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S. V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp T. Gunji H.-Å. Gustafsson A. Hadj Henni J. S. Haggerty H. Hamagaki R. Han E. P. Hartouni K. Haruna E. Haslum R. Hayano X. He M. Heffner T. K. Hemmick T. Hester J. C. Hill M. Hohlmann W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya H. Iinuma Y. Ikeda K. Imai J. Imrek M. Inaba D. Isenhower M. Ishihara T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanischev B. V. Jacak J. Jia J. Jin B. M. Johnson K. S. Joo D. Jouan F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin J. H. Kang J. Kapustinsky D. Kawall A. V. Kazantsev T. Kempel A. Khanzadeev K. M. Kijima J. Kikuchi B. I. Kim D. H. Kim D. J. Kim E. Kim S. H. Kim E. Kinney K. Kiriluk Á. Kiss E. Kistenev J. Klay C. Klein-Boesing L. Kochenda B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster A. Kozlov A. Král A. Kravitz G. J. Kunde K. Kuri University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow Region Russia Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003-9337 USA Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Chemistry Department Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico 88003 USA Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes CNRS-IN2P3 Université de Nantes) BP 20722 44307 Nantes France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS-IN2P3 Route de Saclay F-91128 Palaiseau France Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University SUNY Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA IHEP Protvino State Research Center of Russian Federation Institute for High Energy Physics Protvino 142281 Russia Collider-Accelerator Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973-5000 USA Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida 32901 USA Dapnia CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France University of California Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131 USA Abilene Christian University Abilene Texas 79699 USA Baruch College City University of New York New York New York 10010 USA PNPI Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Gatchina Leningrad Region 188300 Russia Institut für Kernphysik University of Muenster D-48149 Muenster Germany Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University St. Petersburg 195251 Russia Yonsei University IPAP

The energy dependence of the single-transverse-spin asymmetry, AN, and the cross section for neutron production at very forward angles were measured in the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider for polarized p+p collisions at s=200 GeV. The neutrons were observed in forward detectors covering an angular range of up to 2.2 mrad. We report results for neutrons with a momentum fraction of xF=0.45 to 1.0. The energy dependence of the measured cross sections were consistent with xF scaling, compared to measurements by an experiment at the Intersecting Storage Ring, which measured neutron production in unpolarized p+p collisions at s=30.6–62.7 GeV. The cross sections for large xF neutron production for p+p collisions, as well as those in e+p collisions measured at the Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator, are described by a pion exchange mechanism. The observed forward neutron asymmetries were large, reaching AN=−0.08±0.02 for xF=0.8; the measured backward asymmetries, for negative xF, were consistent with zero. The observed asymmetry for forward neutron production is discussed within the pion exchange framework, with interference between the spin-flip amplitude due to the pion exchange and nonflip amplitudes from all Reggeon exchanges. Within the pion exchange description, the measured neutron asymmetry is sensitive to the contribution of other Reggeon exchanges even for small amplitudes.

关键词： RELATIVISTIC Heavy Ion Collider CROSS sections (nuclear physics) nuclear spin SYMMETRY (physics) PHOTON-photon interactions nuclear physics -- Experiments

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Development of a novel all-optical fiber isolator using a CdSe quantum dots doped optical fiber

Development of a novel all-optical fiber isolator using a Cd...

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Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition

作者： Seongmin Ju Youngwoong Kim Pramod R. Watekar Seongmook Jeong Won-Taek Han Department of Information and Communications Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) School of Electronics Engineering VIT University

A novel all-optical fiber isolator with 14 dB isolation at 660 nm was developed by using a CdSe quantum dots doped optical fiber of 183 cm length at magnetic field of 0.1 T.

ISBN: (纸本)9781467302623

A novel all-optical fiber isolator with 14 dB isolation at 660 nm was developed by using a CdSe quantum dots doped optical fiber of 183 cm length at magnetic field of 0.1 T.

关键词： Fiber optic communications High power fiber lasers Magnetic fields Optical fibers Quantum dots Single mode fibers Fiber optics (060.2310) Faraday effect (230.2240) Isolators (230.3240)

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