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Polymeric carbon nitride-based semiconductors as a beneficial candidate in photocatalysis diversity: A comprehensive review

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 519卷

作者： Sidra Tul Muntaha Jawad Ali Shah Syed Muhammad Mateen Muhammad Ali Shahzad Anand Parkash Aqsa Asrar Adil Emin Ghulam Abbas Ashraf Inaam Ullah Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Qaisar Salamat Ali Ahmed Mahmoud Idris Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang 321004 China College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Physics Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China Nuclear Thermal Safety and Standardization Research Institute North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China Low Dimensional Materials Research Center at Khazar University AZ 1096 Baku Azerbaijan Shanghai MKS Material Technology Co. Ltd Anting Jiading Shanghai 200240 China College of Physics Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China School of Materials and Energy Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

The evolution of photocatalytic hydrogen (H 2 ) through water splitting is a new technology that turns a minimal amount of solar irradiation into a large level of H 2 energy through a semiconductor photocatalyst. Currently, the main challenges of this innovation are the limited absorption of solar light irradiation by a photocatalyst semiconductor and high charge recombination, which results in low photocatalytic performance. Another issue is that most semiconductors have a large bandgap (E g ), so they cannot absorb the visible light illumination. They cannot address the growing demand for sustainable energy consumption, or some of them are expensive or rarely available. Owing to its optoelectronic features, the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is of tremendous concentration due to its vast potential for application in the photocatalysis field. The g-C 3 N 4 is a conjugated polymer semiconductor with a two-dimensional (2D) flat structure with high specific surface area (SSA), and large areas for photoactivity. Its prominent photoinduced electron-hole separation capacity can easily create a heterostructure (HS) and other unique features, which are essential for applying photocatalytic water separation. The study focuses on recent research advances in performance in photocatalytic water splitting of the 2D g-C 3 N 4 semiconductor, emphasizing a balanced approach to regulating the banding structure and active surface sites on 2D polymer materials. Also, it illustrates the significance and obstacles under the investigation of photocatalytic water splitting of g-C 3 N 4 material. We hope our efforts will serve as valuable guidance for further advancement of photocatalytic water splitting based on g-C 3 N 4 material.

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Bridging between type IIb and Ib supernovae: SN IIb 2022crv with a very thin Hydrogen envelope

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Gangopadhyay, Anjasha Maeda, Keiichi Singh, Avinash Nayana, A.J. Nakaoka, Tatsuya Kawabata, Koji S. Taguchi, Kenta Singh, Mridweeka Chandra, Poonam Ryder, Stuart D. Dastidar, Raya Yamanaka, Masayuki Kawabata, Miho Alsaberi, Rami Z.E. Dukiya, Naveen Teja, Rishabh Singh Ailawadhi, Bhavya Dutta, Anirban Sahu, D.K. Moriya, Takashi J. Misra, Kuntal Tanaka, Masaomi Chevalier, Roger Tominaga, Nozomu Uno, Kohki Imazawa, Ryo Hamada, Taisei Hori, Tomoya Isogai, Keisuke Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Centre Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Astronomy Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8502 Japan Indian Institute of Astrophysics Koramangala 2nd Block Bangalore560034 India Department of Physics Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia Astrophysics and Space Technologies Research Centre Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia Instituto de Astrofísica Universidad Andres Bello Fernandez Concha 700 Las Condes RM Santiago Chile Millennium Institute of Astrophysics Nuncio Monsenor Sótero Sanz 100 Providencia Santiago8320000 Chile Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University 1-21-35 Korimoto Kagoshima Kagoshima890-0065 Japan Nishi-Harima Astronomical Observatory Center for Astronomy University of Hyogo 407-2 Nishigaichi Sayo-cho Hyogo Sayo679-5313 Japan Western Sydney University Locked Bag 1797 PenrithNSW2751 Australia Aryabhatta Research Institute of observational sciencES Manora Peak Nainital263 002 India Department of Applied Physics Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly243006 India Pondicherry University Chinna Kalapet Puducherry Kalapet605014 India Department of Physics Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur273009 India National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan School of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Science Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Astronomical Institute Tohoku University Aoba Sendai980-8578 Japan University Of Virginia Astronomy Building 530 McCormick Road CharlottesvilleVA2290

We present optical, near-infrared, and radio observations of supernova (SN) SN IIb 2022crv. We show that it retained a very thin H envelope and transitioned from a SN IIb to a SN Ib;prominent Hα seen in the pre-maximum phase diminishes toward the post-maximum phase, while He i lines show increasing strength. SYNAPPS modeling of the early spectra of SN 2022crv suggests that the absorption feature at 6200 Å is explained by a substantial contribution of Hα together with Si ii, as is also supported by the velocity evolution of Hα. The light-curve evolution is consistent with the canonical stripped-envelope supernova subclass but among the slowest. The light curve lacks the initial cooling phase and shows a bright main peak (peak MV =−17.82±0.17 mag), mostly driven by radioactive decay of 56Ni. The light-curve analysis suggests a thin outer H envelope (Menv ∼0.05 M☉) and a compact progenitor (Renv ∼3 R☉). An interaction-powered synchrotron self-absorption (SSA) model can reproduce the radio light curves with a mean shock velocity of 0.1c. The mass-loss rate is estimated to be in the range of (1.9−2.8) × 10−5 M☉ yr−1 for an assumed wind velocity of 1000 km s−1, which is on the high end in comparison with other compact SNe IIb/Ib. SN 2022crv fills a previously unoccupied parameter space of a very compact progenitor, representing a beautiful continuity between the compact and extended progenitor scenario of SNe IIb/Ib. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supernovae

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Spin-charge coupling and decoupling in perovskite-type iron oxides (Sr1-xBax)2/3La1/3FeO3

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Onose, Masaho Takahashi, Hidefumi Saito, Takashi Kamiyama, Takashi Takahashi, Ryunosuke Wadati, Hiroki Kitao, Shinji Seto, Makoto Sagayama, Hajime Yamasaki, Yuichi Sato, Takuro Kagawa, Fumitaka Ishiwata, Shintaro Department of Applied Physics University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka560-8531 Japan Division of Spintronics Research Network Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka565-0871 Japan Ibaraki Tokai319-1106 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Ibaraki Tokai319-1106 Japan Department of Material Science Graduate School of Science University of Hyogo Hyogo Ako678-1297 Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University Osaka Kumatori590-0494 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0047 Japan Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Institute for Molecular Science Myodaiji Okazaki444-8585 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Myodaiji Okazaki444-8585 Japan

The perovskite-type iron oxide Sr2/3La1/3FeO3 is known to show characteristic spin-charge ordering (SCO), where sixfold collinear spin ordering and threefold charge ordering are coupled with each other. Here, we report the discovery of a spin-charge decoupling and an antiferromagnetic (AFM) state competing with the SCO phase in perovskites (Sr1-xBax)2/3La1/3FeO3. By comprehensive measurements including neutron diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and x-ray absorption spectroscopy, we found that the isovalent Ba2+ substitution systematically reduces the critical temperature of the SCO phase and additionally yields the spin-charge decoupling in x > 0.75. Whereas the ground state remains in the SCO phase in the whole x region, an unexpected G-type AFM phase with incoherent charge ordering or charge fluctuation appears as the high-temperature phase in the range of x > 0.75. Reflecting the competing nature between them, the G-type AFM phase partially exists as a metastable state in the SCO phase at low temperatures. We discuss the origin of the spin-charge decoupling and the emergence of the G-type AFM phase with charge fluctuation in terms of the bandwidth reduction by the Ba substitution. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iron oxides

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Spontaneous magnetic field and disorder effects in BaPtAs1−xSbx with honeycomb network

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Adachi, Tadashi Ogawa, Taiki Komiyama, Yota Sumura, Takuya Saito-Tsuboi, Yuki Takeuchi, Takaaki Mano, Kohei Manabe, Kaoru Kawabata, Koki Imazu, Tsuyoshi Koda, Akihiro Higemoto, Wataru Okabe, Hirotaka Nakamura, Jumpei G. Ito, Takashi U. Kadono, Ryosuke Baines, Christopher Watanabe, Isao Imai, Yoshiki Goryo, Jun Nohara, Minoru Kudo, Kazutaka Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences Sophia University 7-1 Kioi-cho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo102-8554 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka560-0043 Japan Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka Kita-ku Okayama700-8530 Japan Nuclear Structure Research Group Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako351-0198 Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Hirosaki University 3 Bunkyo-cho Hirosaki036-8561 Japan 1-1 Oho Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Advanced Science Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency 2-4 Shirakata Tokai319-1195 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai980-8577 Japan Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy Paul Scherrer Institut PSI Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen5232 Switzerland Department of Physics Okayama University of Science 1-1 Ridai-cho Kita-ku Okayama700-0005 Japan Department of Quantum Matter Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8530 Japan Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University 1-1 Yamadaoka Suita565-0871 Japan

Chiral superconductivity exhibits the formation of novel electron pairs that breaks the time-reversal symmetry and has been actively studied in various quantum materials in recent years. However, despite its potential to provide definitive information, effects of disorder in the crystal structure on the chiral superconductivity has not yet been clarified, and therefore the investigation using a solid-solution system is desirable. We report muon-spin-relaxation results of layered pnictide BaPtAs1−xSbx with a honeycomb network composed of Pt and (As, Sb). We observed an increase of the zero-field muon-spin relaxation rate in the superconducting (SC) state at the Sb end of x = 1.0, suggesting the occurrence of spontaneous magnetic field due to the time-reversal symmetry breaking in the SC state. On the other hand, spontaneous magnetic field was almost and completely suppressed for the As-Sb mixed samples of x = 0.9 and 0.2, respectively, suggesting that the time-reversal symmetry breaking SC state in x = 1.0 is sensitive to disorder. The magnetic penetration depth estimated from transverse-field µSR measurements at x = 1.0 and 0.2 behaved like weak-coupling s-wave superconductivity. These seemingly incompatible zero-field and transverse-field µSR results of BaPtAs1−xSbx with x = 1.0 could be understood in terms of chiral d-wave superconductivity with point nodes on the three-dimensional Fermi surface. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shear waves

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Optimization of laser-driven quantum beam generation and the applications with artificial intelligence

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physics of Plasmas 2024年第5期31卷

作者： Kuramitsu, Y. Taguchi, T. Nikaido, F. Minami, T. Hihara, T. Suzuki, S. Oda, K. Kuramoto, K. Yasui, T. Abe, Y. Ibano, K. Takabe, H. Chu, C.M. Wu, K.T. Woon, W.Y. Chen, S.H. Jao, C.S. Chen, Y.C. Liu, Y.L. Morace, A. Yogo, A. Arikawa, Y. Kohri, H. Tokiyasu, A. Kodaira, S. Kusumoto, T. Kanasaki, M. Asai, T. Fukuda, Y. Kondo, K. Kiriyama, H. Hayakawa, T. Tanaka, S.J. Isayama, S. Watamura, N. Suzuki, H. Kumar, H.S. Ohnishi, N. Pikuz, T. Filippov, E. Sakai, K. Yasuhara, R. Nakata, M. Ishikawa, R. Hoshi, T. Mizuta, A. Bolouki, N. Saura, N. Benkadda, S. Koenig, M. Hamaguchi, S. Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University 2-6 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan 8-1-7 Umemidai Kyoto Kizugawa619-0215 Japan Department of Physics National Central University No. 300 Jhongda Rd. Taoyuan Jhongli320 Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan National Center for High-Performance Computing National Applied Research Laboratories Tainan City711010 Taiwan Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka University 10-1 Mihogaoka Osaka Ibaraki567-0047 Japan Research Center for Accelerator and Radioisotope Science Tohoku University 1-2-1 Mikamine Taihaku-ku Miyagi Sendai982-0826 Japan Inage Chiba263-8555 Japan Graduate School of Maritime Sciences Kobe University Kobe658-0022 Japan Department of Physical Sciences Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe Kanagawa Sagamihara252-5258 Japan Department of Advanced Environmental Science and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-Kohen Fukuoka Kasuga816-8580 Japan Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita565-0871 Japan Department of Aerospace Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramakiazaaoba Aoba-ku Sendai980-8579 Japan Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita565-0871 Japan Villamayor Salamanca37185 Spain National Institute for Fusion Science 322-6 Oroshicho Gifu Toki509-5292 Japan Faculty of Arts and Sciences Komazawa University 1-23-1 Komazawa Setagaya-ku Tokyo154-8525 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Department of Plasma Physics and Technology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Kotlářská 2 Brno611 37 Czech Republic Aix-Marseille Université CNRS PIIM UMR 7345 Marseille France LULI CN

We have investigated space and astrophysical phenomena in nonrelativistic laboratory plasmas with long high-power lasers, such as collisionless shocks and magnetic reconnections, and have been exploring relativistic regimes with intense short pulse lasers, such as energetic ion acceleration using large-area suspended graphene. Increasing the intensity and repetition rate of the intense lasers, we have to handle large amounts of data from the experiments as well as the control parameters of laser beamlines. Artificial intelligence (AI) such as machine learning and neural networks may play essential roles in optimizing the laser and target conditions for efficient laser ion acceleration. Implementing AI into the laser system in mind, as the first step, we are introducing machine learning in ion etch pit analyses detected on plastic nuclear track detectors. Convolutional neural networks allow us to analyze big ion etch pit data with high precision and recall. We introduce one of the applications of laser-driven ion beams using AI to reconstruct vector electric and magnetic fields in laser-produced turbulent plasmas in three dimensions. © 2024 Author(s).

关键词： Ions

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Measurements of inclusive and differential cross sections for the Higgs boson production and decay to four-leptons in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV

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Journal of High Energy physics 2023年第8期2023卷 1-80页

作者： Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, A. Adam, W. Andrejkovic, J.W. Bergauer, T. Chatterjee, S. Damanakis, K. Dragicevic, M. Escalante Del Valle, A. Hussain, P.S. Jeitler, M. Krammer, N. Lechner, L. Liko, D. Mikulec, I. Schieck, J. Schöfbeck, R. Schwarz, D. Sonawane, M. Templ, S. Waltenberger, W. Wulz, C.-E. Darwish, M.R. Janssen, T. Kello, T. Van Mechelen, P. Bols, E.S. D’Hondt, J. De Moor, A. Delcourt, M. El Faham, H. Lowette, S. Makarenko, I. Morton, A. Müller, D. Sahasransu, A.R. Tavernier, S. Van Putte, S. Vannerom, D. Clerbaux, B. Dansana, S. De Lentdecker, G. Favart, L. Hohov, D. Jaramillo, J. Lee, K. Mahdavikhorrami, M. Malara, A. Paredes, S. Pétré, L. Postiau, N. Thomas, L. Vanden Bemden, M. Vander Velde, C. Vanlaer, P. De Coen, M. Dobur, D. Knolle, J. Lambrecht, L. Mestdach, G. Rendón, C. Samalan, A. Skovpen, K. Tytgat, M. Van Den Bossche, N. Vermassen, B. Wezenbeek, L. Benecke, A. Bruno, G. Bury, F. Caputo, C. Delaere, C. Donertas, I.S. Giammanco, A. Jaffel, K. Jain, Sa. Lemaitre, V. Lidrych, J. Mastrapasqua, P. Mondal, K. Tran, T.T. Wertz, S. Alves, G.A. Coelho, E. Hensel, C. Moraes, A. Rebello Teles, P. Aldá Júnior, W.L. Alves Gallo Pereira, M. Barroso Ferreira Filho, M. Brandao Malbouisson, H. Carvalho, W. Chinellato, J. Da Costa, E.M. Da Silveira, G.G. De Jesus Damiao, D. Dos Santos Sousa, V. Fonseca De Souza, S. Martins, J. Mora Herrera, C. Mota Amarilo, K. Mundim, L. Nogima, H. Santoro, A. Silva Do Amaral, S.M. Sznajder, A. Thiel, M. Vilela Pereira, A. Bernardes, C.A. Calligaris, L. Fernandez Perez Tomei, T.R. Gregores, E.M. Mercadante, P.G. Novaes, S.F. Orzari, B. Padula, Sandra S. Aleksandrov, A. Antchev, G. Hadjiiska, R. Iaydjiev, P. Misheva, M. Shopova, M. Sultanov, G. Dimitrov, A. Ivanov, T. Litov, L. Pavlov, B. Petkov, P. Petrov, A. Shumka, E. Keshri, S. Thakur, S. Cheng, T. Guo, Q. Javaid, T. Mittal, M. Yuan, L. Bauer, G. Hu, Z. Yi, K. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Iemmi, F. Jiang, C.H. Kapoor, A. Liao, H. Liu, Z.-A. Monti, F. Sharma, R. Song, J.N. Tao, J. Wang, J. Zhang, C. Zhang, H. Agapitos, A. Ba Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium Ghent University Ghent Belgium Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Instituto De Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7 D Arica Chile Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) — Fudan University Shanghai China Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Split Croatia University of Split Faculty of Science Split Croatia Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Charles University Prague Czech Republic Escuela Politecnica Nacional Quito Ecuador Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics Cairo Egypt Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU) Fayoum University El-Fayoum Egypt National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Tallinn Estonia Department of Physics

Measurements of the inclusive and differential fiducial cross sections for the Higgs boson production in the H → ZZ → 4ℓ (ℓ = e, μ) decay channel are presented. The results are obtained from the analysis of proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹. The measured inclusive fiducial cross section is 2.73 ± 0.26 fb, in agreement with the standard model expectation of 2.86 ± 0.1 fb. Differential cross sections are measured as a function of several kinematic observables sensitive to the Higgs boson production and decay to four leptons. A set of double-differential measurements is also performed, yielding a comprehensive characterization of the four leptons final state. Constraints on the Higgs boson trilinear coupling and on the bottom and charm quark coupling modifiers are derived from its transverse momentum distribution. All results are consistent with theoretical predictions from the standard model. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： Hadron-Hadron Scattering Higgs physics

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Tripartite entanglement and quantum correlation

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Guo, Xingyu Ma, Chen-Te Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou Guangdong510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center South China Normal University Guangzhou Guangdong510006 China School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou Guangdong510006 China The Laboratory for Quantum Gravity and Strings Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town Private Bag Rondebosch7700 South Africa

We provide an analytical tripartite-study from the generalized R-matrix. It provides the upper bound of the maximum violation of Mermin's inequality. For a generic 2-qubit pure state, the concurrence or R-matrix characterizes the maximum violation of Bell's inequality. Therefore, people expect that the maximum violation should be proper to quantify Quantum Entanglement. The R-matrix gives the maximum violation of Bell's inequality. For a general 3-qubit state, we have five invariant entanglement quantities up to local unitary transformations. We show that the five invariant quantities describe the correlation in the generalized R-matrix. The violation of Mermin's inequality is not a proper diagnosis due to the non-monotonic behavior. We then classify 3-qubit quantum states. Each classification quantifies Quantum Entanglement by the total concurrence. In the end, we relate the experiment correlators to Quantum Entanglement. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Measurement of the W-boson mass and width with the ATLAS detector using proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Aad, G. Aakvaag, E. Abbott, B. Abdelhameed, S. Abeling, K. Abicht, N.J. Abidi, S.H. Aboelela, M. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B.S. Ackermann, A. Bourdarios, C. Adam Adamczyk, L. Addepalli, S.V. Addison, M.J. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aikot, A. Tamlihat, M. Ait Aitbenchikh, B. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Akiyama, D. Akolkar, N.N. Aktas, S. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Albouy, G.L. Alderweireldt, S. Alegria, Z.L. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, F. Algren, M. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, H.M.J. Ali, S. Alibocus, S.W. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allen, J.F. Flores, C.A. Allendes Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alsolami, Z.M.K. Estevez, M. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alvarez Cardoso, M. Alves Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Coutinho, Y. Amaral Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amirie, K.J. Dos Santos, S.P. Amor Amos, K.R. An, S. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparo, M.A. Bella, L. Aperio Appelt, C. Apyan, A. Val, S.J. Arbiol Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Astrand, K.S.V. Atashi, S. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Baer, T.M. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bahner, D. Bai, K. Baines, J.T. Baines, L. Baker, O.K. Bakos, E. Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta EdmontonAB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington ArlingtonTX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Science Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen Campus Beijing China Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States University of California BerkeleyCA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Facultad

Proton–proton data recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2011, at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, have been used for an improved determination of the W-boson mass and a first measurement of the W-boson width at the LHC. Recent fits to the proton parton distribution functions are incorporated in the measurement procedure and an improved statistical method is used to increase the measurement precision. The measurement of the W-boson mass yields a value of mW = 80366.5 ± 9.8 (stat.) ± 12.5 (syst.) MeV = 80366.5 ± 15.9 MeV, and the width is measured as ΓW = 2202 ± 32 (stat.) ± 34 (syst.) MeV = 2202 ± 47 MeV. The first uncertainty components are statistical and the second correspond to the experimental and physics-modelling systematic uncertainties. Both results are consistent with the expectation from fits to electroweak precision data. The present measurement of mW is compatible with and supersedes the previous measurement performed using the same data. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Bosons

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Search for heavy resonances in final states with four leptons and missing transverse momentum or jets in p p collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Aad, G. Aakvaag, E. Abbott, B. Abeling, K. Abicht, N.J. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B.S. Bourdarios, C. Adam Adamczyk, L. Addepalli, S.V. Addison, M.J. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aikot, A. Tamlihat, M. Ait Aitbenchikh, B. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Akiyama, D. Akolkar, N.N. Aktas, S. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Albouy, G.L. Alderweireldt, S. Alegria, Z.L. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, F. Algren, M. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, H.M.J. Ali, S. Alibocus, S.W. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allen, J.F. Flores, C.A. Allendes Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Estevez, M. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alvarez Cardoso, M. Alves Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Coutinho, Y. Amaral Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Dos Santos, S.P. Amor Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Pozo, J.A. Aparisi Aparo, M.A. Bella, L. Aperio Appelt, C. Apyan, A. Val, S.J. Arbiol Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atashi, S. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Baer, T.M. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bahner, D. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Baines, L. Baker, O.K. Bakos, E. Gupta, D. Bakshi Balakrishnan, V. Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta EdmontonAB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington ArlingtonTX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Science Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen Campus China Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States University of California BerkeleyCA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Facultad de Cienc

A search for a new heavy boson produced via gluon-fusion in the four-lepton channel with missing transverse momentum or jets is performed. The search uses proton–proton collision data equivalent to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector between 2015 and 2018 at the Large Hadron Collider. This study explores the decays of heavy bosons: R → SH and A → ZH, where R is a CP-even boson, A is a CP-odd boson, H is a CP-even boson, and S is considered to decay into invisible particles that are candidates for dark matter. In these processes, S → invisible and H → ZZ. The Z boson associated with the heavy scalar boson H decays into all decay channels of the Z boson. The mass range under consideration is 390–1300 (320–1300) GeV for the R (A) boson and 220–1000 GeV for the H boson. No significant deviation from the Standard Model backgrounds is observed. The results are interpreted as upper limits at a 95% confidence level on the cross-section times the branching ratio of the heavy resonances. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Bosons

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The mesoscale order of nacreous pearls

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Gim, Jiseok Koch, Alden Otter, Laura M. Savitzky, Benjamin H. Erland, Sveinung Estroff, Lara A. Jacob, Dorrit E. Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Research School of Earth Sciences Australian National University CanberraACT2600 Australia National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Maritime Studies Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Haugesund5528 Norway Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

A pearl's distinguished beauty and toughness are attributable to the periodic stacking of aragonite tablets known as nacre. Nacre has naturally occurring mesoscale periodicity that remarkably arises in the absence of discrete translational symmetry. Gleaning the inspiring biomineral design of a pearl requires quantifying its structural coherence and understanding the stochastic processes that influence formation. By characterizing the entire structure of pearls (∼3 mm) in a cross-section at high resolution, we show that nacre has medium-range mesoscale periodicity. Self-correcting growth mechanisms actively remedy disorder and topological defects of the tablets and act as a countervailing process to longrange disorder. Nacre has a correlation length of roughly 16 tablets (∼5.5 μm) despite persistent fluctuations and topological defects. For longer distances (>25 tablets, ∼8.5 μm), the frequency spectrum of nacre tablets follows f-1.5behavior, suggesting that growth is coupled to external stochastic processes-a universality found across disparate natural phenomena, which now includes pearls. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Gems

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