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检索条件"机构=OBR Research Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing ECECS"

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A multiple-beam antenna protocol at a wireless access point for exploiting spatial parallelism

A multiple-beam antenna protocol at a wireless access point ...

引用

IEEE Princeton Section Sarnoff Symposium

作者： D. Lal D.P. Agrawal OBR Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Department of ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

We propose a protocol for use at a wireless access point (AP) that uses multiple beam smart antennas. Such APs can be deployed in traffic hotspots to overcome bottlenecks by enhancing capacity significantly. Our protocol is fully compatible with IEEE 802.11 in its current form, and can function with omnidirectional devices. The protocol seeks to exploit parallel packet transmission of downstream data (from the AP to the nodes), while reverting to normal 802.11 for upstream data (from a node to the AP). The performance gain expected from our protocol is proportional to the spatial resolution (number of beams) and the amount of downstream data. Typically, mobile terminals running applications download data from other servers, and hence the volume of downstream data far exceeds the upstream data. In such conditions, our protocol provides substantial gain.

关键词： Wireless application protocol Access protocols mobile antennas Internet Parallel processing mobile computing Directional antennas Timing Media Access Protocol Antennas and propagation

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E/sup 2/M: a scalable explicit multicast protocol for MANETs

E/sup 2/M: a scalable explicit multicast protocol for MANETs

引用

IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： H. Gossain C. Cordeiro Kumar Anand D.P. Agrawal OBR Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Department of ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

In this paper, we propose a new scheme for small group multicast in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) named extended explicit multicast (E/sup 2/M), which is built on top of Xcast and introduces mechanisms to make it scalable with number of group members for a given multicast session. E/sup 2/M is based on the novel concept of dynamic selection of Xcast forwarder (XF) between a source and its potential destinations. The XF selection is carried out based on group membership and the processing overhead involved in supporting the Xcast procedure at a given node. If the number of members in a given session is small, E/sup 2/M works just like the basic Xcast scheme with no intermediate XFs. As group membership increases, the overhead involved in supporting an Xcast session also increases. Therefore, to reduce the overhead and provide scalability, in E/sup 2/M nodes may dynamically decide to become a XF. This scheme, which can work with few E/sup 2/M aware nodes in the network, provides the transparency of stateless multicast, reduces header processing overhead and makes Xcast scalable with the number of group members.

关键词： Multicast protocols mobile ad hoc networks Routing protocols Scalability Network topology Proposals mobile computing Computer networks distributed computing Wireless networks

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Supporting MAC layer multicast in IEEE 802.11 based MANETs: issues and solutions

Supporting MAC layer multicast in IEEE 802.11 based MANETs: ...

引用

Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)

作者： H. Gossain N. Nandiraju K. Anand D.P. Agrawal OBR Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Department of ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

In IEEE 802.11 based mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) multicast packets are generally forwarded as one hop broadcast; mainly to reach all the multicast members in the neighborhood in a single transmission. Because of the broadcast property of the forwarding, packets suffer from increased instances of the hidden terminal problem. Mobility of nodes makes things more difficult, and unlike unicast transmissions where MAC can detect the movement of a nexthop by making several retries, it is not possible in case of multicast forwarding. To address these issues, we propose a multicast aware MAC protocol (MMP) for MANET. The basic objective of MMP is to provide a MAC layer support for multicast traffic. This is done by attaching an extended multicast header (EMH) by the multicast agent, which provides the address of the nexthop nodes that are supposed to receive the multicast packet. The MAC layer in MMP uses the EMH field to support an ACK based data delivery. After sending the data packet, the transmitter waits for the ACK from each of its destinations in a strictly sequential order. A retransmission of the multicast packet is performed only if the ACK from any of the nodes in EMH is missing. We compare MMP with IEEE 802.11 and results show that MMP substantially improves the performance of multicast packet delivery in MANET without creating much MAC overhead. In addition, MMP provides a better mechanism to detect the movement of its nexthop members.

关键词： mobile ad hoc networks Broadcasting Multicast protocols Road accidents Media Access Protocol Transmitters Protection Intelligent networks mobile computing Computer networks

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The deafness problems and solutions in wireless ad hoc networks using directional antennas

The deafness problems and solutions in wireless ad hoc netwo...

引用

IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： H. Gossain C. Cordeiro D. Cavalcanti D.P. Agrawal OBR Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Department of ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA Networking Technologies Laboratory Nokia Research Center Tampere Finland

This paper addresses the issue of deafness in directional antennas for wireless ad hoc networks. Deafness is caused when a node X repeatedly attempts to communicate with node Y but is unsuccessful, because Y is presently tuned to some other antenna beam. In this paper, we first outline the different factors which contribute to such deafness in directional antennas and its significant impact on network performance. We then propose two schemes to overcome deafness scenarios which are transparent to the underlying directional MAC protocol in use. In addition, we also claim that IEEE 802.11 short retry limit (SRL) needs a special handling in directional environment because of the presence of deafness. We have done a detailed performance evaluation of our schemes with different directional MAC protocols running over switched beam antennas and the initial results are found to be very promising.

关键词： Deafness Intelligent networks Ad hoc networks Directional antennas Media Access Protocol Interference Signal to noise ratio mobile computing Computer networks distributed computing

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Broadcasting over switched single beam antennas

Broadcasting over switched single beam antennas

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IEEE International Conference on Networks

作者： T. Joshi C. Cordeiro S. Vogety Jun Yin H. Gossain D.P. Agrawal OBR Distributed and Mobile Computing Department of ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA Networking Technologies Laboratory Nokia Research Center Tampere Finland

In switched single beam directional antenna model, broadcasting is achieved by sequentially steering the antenna beam across all pre-defined directions resulting in a sweeping delay. In this paper, we study the suggested techniques to alleviate the broadcast storm problems in ad hoc networks with directional antennas, point out their shortcomings, and propose two new schemes, namely, the new enhanced directional flooding (NEDF) and the probabilistic relay broadcasting (PKB). We thoroughly compare the performance of these protocols with present directional broadcast schemes including omni directional flooding over six, twelve and eighteen antenna beam models. The results indicate that directional broadcasting provides excellent connectivity in the regions of sparse density as compared to omni directional broadcasting.

关键词： Broadcasting Directional antennas Floods Directive antennas Routing protocols Interference Delay mobile computing Computer networks distributed computing

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Probabilistic broadcasting based on coverage area and neighbor confirmation in mobile ad hoc networks

Probabilistic broadcasting based on coverage area and neighb...

引用

IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： Jae-soo Kim Qi Zhang D.P. Agrawal Department of Computer Engineering Sangju National University Sangju South Korea OBR Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

Broadcasting is a fundamental and effective data dissemination mechanism for route discovery, address resolution and many other network services in ad hoc networks. While data broadcasting has many advantages, it also causes some problems such as the broadcast storm problem, which is characterized by redundant retransmission, collision, and contention. Although many approaches have been proposed to solve them, none of them guarantees the lowest bound. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic broadcasting based on coverage area and neighbor confirmation in mobile ad hoc networks. We use the coverage area of a node to adjust the rebroadcast probability. If a mobile node is located in the area closer to sender, which means it has small additional coverage and rebroadcast from this node can reach less additional nodes, its rebroadcast probability is set lower. On the other hand, if a mobile node is located in the area far from the sender, which means that the additional coverage from this node is large, its rebroadcast probability is set higher. The coverage area can be estimated from the distance between sender and receiver and the distance can be estimated by signal strength or Global Positional System. Our approach combines the advantages of probabilistic and area based approach. Simulation results show that our approach can improve the average performance of broadcasting in various network scenarios. Our approach is simple and can be easily implemented in MANET.

关键词： Broadcasting Intelligent networks mobile ad hoc networks Computer networks distributed computing Ad hoc networks Broadcast technology Wireless communication Data engineering mobile computing

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A novel distributed resource-aware scalable scheme for scatternet formation

A novel distributed resource-aware scalable scheme for scatt...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Networks, ICON 2003

作者： Dharia, Sagar I. Agrawal, Dharma P. OBR Research Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221-0030 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780377885

Bluetooth is a low-power, low-cost, short-range wireless communication system. In a Bluetooth ad hoc network, up to eight Bluetooth devices can communicate with each other in a special network called piconet. Scatternet can be formed by interconnecting piconets. In this paper, we present a distributed resource aware scalable scatternet formation algorithm. Though the proposed algorithm has two phases, it is not necessary that all the nodes be in the same phase at a given instant of time. The formed scatternet has the following properties: 1. All the devices may not be necessarily in each other's transmission range. 2. Any device will be a member of at the most two piconets. 3. Higher resource-weighted devices are preferred over lower resource-weighted devices to perform the role of a master and/or a bridge. 4. Slave/Slave bridges are preferred over Master/Slave bridges. Extensive simulations have shown that the number of messages transmitted by low resource-weighted devices are significantly lesser than the number of messages exchanged by high resource-weighted devices, and the number of master/slave bridges are remarkably less as compared to the number of slave/slave bridges. The overall message complexity of the algorithm is O(n). ©2003 IEEE.

关键词： Bluetooth

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Exploiting multi path routing to achieve service differentiation in sensor networks

Exploiting multi path routing to achieve service differentia...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Networks, ICON 2003

作者： Jain, Neha Madathil, Dilip K. Agrawal, Dharma P. OBR Research Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing ECECS Department University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221-0030 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780377885

Limited battery life of the nodes in a sensor network, has encouraged optimization of resources so as to maximize network lifetime. When network resources are scarce, satisfying user requirements without sacrificing network performance becomes a challenging problem. In this paper, we address this by using a novel service differentiation approach and use mutipath routing, to provide prioritized treatment to time critical applications in a distributed, energy-efficient and scalable manner. We utilize our multipath routing protocol primarily designed for load balancing and enhance its usefulness by exploring the use of resource reservation in achieving Quality of Service aware multipath routing. We are able to provide a reduced response time to critical queries without adversely affecting the network lifetime. ©2003 IEEE.

关键词： Quality of service

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A novel distributed resource-aware scalable scheme for Scatternet formation

A novel distributed resource-aware scalable scheme for Scatt...

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IEEE International Conference on Networks

作者： S.I. Dharia D.P. Agrawal OBR Research Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

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Energy efficient bridge management policies for inter piconet communication in Bluetooth scatternets

Energy efficient bridge management policies for inter picone...

引用

IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： R. Duggirala R.L. Ashok D.P. Agrawal OBR Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology designed to connect various low power, resource constrained devices such as cameras, cell-phones, laptops, handhelds, etc. It is based on a master-slave paradigm where each master may connect and mediate with up to seven other active slaves in a network known as a piconet. These piconets may be inter-connected by one or more bridge slaves to form a scatternet. The bridges relay the inter-piconet traffic, by acting as switches. Usually, bridge nodes are always active, resulting in a constant usage of device resources, increase in packet delays and reduction in throughput. This would drain the energy of the bridge disproportionately, when compared to other nodes in the piconet. In this paper, we suggest two novel mechanisms that employ load-balancing techniques to conserve energy and share the responsibility of being a bridge among capable devices. By extensive simulations, we show that our bridge management policy leads to considerable improvement in energy savings and throughput.

关键词： Personal area networks Energy efficiency Bridges Energy management Bluetooth Master-slave Throughput Cameras Portable computers Relays

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