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The Impact of Consuming Healthy Cookies Enriched with Linoleic Acid for Two Weeks on Blood Fatty Acid Profiles (P08-099-19)

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Current Developments in nutrition 2019年第SUPPL 1期3卷 3131189-3131189页

作者： Cole, Rachel Angelotti, Austin Belury, Martha OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition The Ohio State University The Ohio State University

AbstractObjectivesIncreasing linoleic acid (LA) in the diet through supplementation with LA-rich oils can increase muscle mass and decrease fat mass in adults. Unfortunately, many US dietary oils once high in LA are now high in oleic acid (OA) and low in LA, making it challenging for adults to increase LA intake. This study examines the extent in which consumption of healthy cookies enriched with LA for two weeks can increase plasma, erythrocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) LA levels. MethodsIn a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study, healthy adults ( N = 84) were randomly assigned to consume one healthy cookie rich in LA or one healthy cookie rich in OA (placebo) per day for two weeks. The healthy cookies were high in unsaturated fat with 10 grams of either grapeseed oil (high in LA) or safflower oil (high in OA). Additionally, the healthy cookies were 100% whole grain and had about one half the amount of added sugar compared to traditional cookie recipes. Fasting blood was taken before (pre) and after (post) healthy cookie consumption. Fatty acids in the plasma, erythrocytes and PBMC were analyzed using gas chromatography. Because LA supplementation has been shown to reduce inflammation, plasma levels of total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFr2) were assessed. A t-test of post values at a 5% significance level was used to determined differences between the two groups. ResultsOf the 84 participants enrolled, 42 were randomly assigned to each group and all but one participant completed the study. 66% ( n = 55) of the participants were female. The mean age was 32.6 years and the mean BMI was 25.8. After two weeks of consuming one healthy cookie per day, LA was significantly higher in plasma, erythrocytes and PBMC in the group consuming the LA-rich healthy cookies compared to the group consuming the placebo healthy cookies. Levels of total and HMW adiponectin and TNFr2 were not differe

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Dietary Linoleic Acid Targets Skeletal Muscle to Impact Energy Metabolism (P08-124-19)

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Current Developments in nutrition 2019年第SUPPL 1期3卷 3131213-3131213页

作者： Snoke, Deena Hsuan-Hsiao, Yung Cole, Rachel Pedersen, Theresa Newman, John Borkowski, Kamil Banh, Taylor Angelotti, Austin Schnell, Patrick Belury, Martha OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition The Ohio State University OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition The Ohio State University Advanced Analytics USDA-Western Human Nutrition Research Center UC Davis Department of Human Sciences the Ohio State University Division of Biostatistics College of Public Health The Ohio State University

AbstractObjectivesInvestigate the impact of dietary linoleic acid (LA) on whole-body energy metabolism, fatty acid uptake, oxylipin metabolites, and energy production machinery in skeletal muscle. MethodsMice were fed modified AIN-93 M diets containing 6% wt of LA or palmitic acid (PA) for 5 weeks. To address energy balance, grip strength, blood glucose, and body composition were measured weekly and indirect calorimetry was performed after 4.5 weeks of diet. To address skeletal muscle architecture, cross-sectional area was quantified in quadriceps. To determine the effect of LA diet on skeletal muscle lipids, fatty acid composition was measured in quadriceps using GC. Targeted lipidomics using LC-MS/MS was utilized to measure LA-derived oxylipins in mitochondria isolated from gastrocnemius. ResultsNo difference in food intake, body weight, blood glucose, or body composition were observed between diet groups. Mice fed the LA diet exhibited higher heat production and lower respiratory exchange ratio, independent of ambulatory activity compared to mice fed the PA diet. Cross sectional area analysis in quadriceps muscle revealed that mice fed the LA diet had smaller muscle fibers compared to mice fed the PA diet. The LA diet increased LA level in quadriceps. Using hierarchal cluster analysis, we identified several unique patterns of oxylipins that impact insulin sensitivity and may be associated with increased mitochondrial capacity. Mice fed the LA diet exhibited a three-fold increase of oxylipin metabolites 9- and 13-HODE, and 12,13-diHOME. ConclusionsMice fed a diet fortified in LA have increased LA in skeletal muscle, changes to skeletal muscle architecture, favorable changes to whole body energy metabolism, and increases in LA-derived oxylipins in skeletal muscle mitochondria. Our discovery that LA generates 9-HODE and 13-HODE in muscle mitochondria suggests that downstream pathways, including PPARg transactivation, may be linked with effects on muscle energy metab

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Erythrocyte Long Chain Omega 3 Fatty Acids Are Associated with Higher Lean Mass in Postmenopausal Women Newly Diagnosed with Breast Cancer (P05-024-19).

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Current developments in nutrition 2019年第SUPPL 1期3卷 nzz030.P05-024-19-nzz030.P05-024-19页

作者： Martha Belury Rachel Cole Rebecca Andridge Qing Xie Ashleigh Keiter Janice KIecolt-Glaser The Ohio State University. OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition The Ohio State University. Biostatistics The Ohio State University.

UNASSIGNED:Cancer contributes to adverse changes in body composition that may increase risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Skeletal muscle is a main driver of cardiometabolic health. We hypothesize that higher intake of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFAs) is associated with muscle health. This study evaluates whether LCn3PUFA exposure assessed in diet and in blood is associated with markers of muscle health in women with breast cancer.;UNASSIGNED:This is a cross-sectional analysis evaluating LCn3PUFA exposure and markers of muscle health in women ( = 150) prior to treatment for breast cancer. Exposure to LCn3PUFAs was assessed by a diet history questionnaire (DHQ), a question specifically about supplement usage and biomarker of LCn3PUFAs in red blood cells (RBC). Body composition were measured at the same visit using dual x-ray absorptiometry. Linear regression models were used to test for associations.;UNASSIGNED:13% ( = 19) of women reported using fish oil supplements (e.g., Supplement Users) and had significantly higher levels of RBC LCn3PUFAs than Supplement Non-users. In Supplement Non-users, there was a positive association between reported dietary exposure by DHQ and RBC LCn3PUFA levels. The n3 index (e.g., sum of RBC EPA + DHA) and DHA (22:6n3) were positively associated with appendicular lean mass/BMI. There were no significant correlations between RBC LCn3PUFAs with grip strength and or other measurements of body composition.;UNASSIGNED:As a biomarker of intake, RBC LCn3PUFAs are positively associated with appendicular lean mass, a measure of skeletal muscle mass. A future study should prospectively evaluate whether higher LCn3PUFA exposure (as measured in blood) is associated with maintaining better muscle health during and following cancer treatment.;UNASSIGNED:Funding was provided by the National Cattleman's Beef Association, NIH (JKG) CA186720, Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center and the Carol S. Kennedy Professorship.

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