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Sea Surface Wind Structure in the Outer Region of Tropical Cyclones Observed by Wave Gliders

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2023年第3期128卷 e2022JD037235-e2022JD037235页

作者： Tian, Di Zhang, Han Wang, Shuai Zhang, Wenyan Sun, Xiujun Zhou, Ying Zheng, Gang Jiang, Han Yang, Shili Zhou, Feng State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou China Observation and Research Station of Yangtze River Delta Marine Ecosystems Ministry of Natural Resources Zhoushan China Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology Ministry of Damage the Coastal Ecosystem Natural Resources Marine Academy of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai China Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ United States Institute of Coastal Systems - Analysis and Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Germany Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao China Institute for Advanced Ocean Study Ocean University of China Qingdao China Beijing Meteorological Observation Centre Beijing Meteorological Bureau Beijing China Ocean College Zhejiang University Zhoushan China

Understanding the sea surface wind structure during tropical cyclones (TCs) is the key for study of ocean response and parameterization of air-sea surface in numerical simulation. However, field observations are scarce. In 2019, three wave gliders were deployed in the South China Sea and the adjacent Western Pacific region, which acquired sea surface wind structure of eight TCs. Analysis of the field data suggests that the wave glider-observed surface winds are consistent with most analysis/reanalysis data (i.e., ERA5, Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform, and National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Global Data Assimilation System) and Soil Moisture Active Passive. Both wave glider observations and analysis/reanalysis data indicate that TC wind fields induce an obvious increase in speed toward the sea surface together with a sharp change in direction, showing an asymmetric wind structure which is sensitive to TC translation speed and intensity. Larger mean values of wind speed and inflow angle are located on the right side along TC tracks. The inflow angle shows a highly dynamic dependence on the radial distance from the TC center, the TC intensity, as well as the TC-relative azimuth. Comparisons between field observations and theoretical models indicate that the most widely used, ideal TC wind profile models can largely represent the observed sea surface wind structure, but generally underestimate the wind speed due to lack of consideration of background wind. Moreover, simple ideal models (e.g., the modified Rankine vortex model) may outperform complex models when accurate information of TCs is limited. Wave glider observations have potential for better understanding of air-sea exchanges and for improvements of the corresponding parameterization schemes. © 2023. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： ideal wind model inflow angle sea surface wind tropical cyclone wave glider

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study Sedimentation Rate of PLTU Pulang Pisau Due to Jetty Modification in Efforts to Improve Production Capacity

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2022年第1期972卷

作者： Abiyani Choirul Huda Muhammad Ilham Maulana Widi A Pratikto Suntoyo Muhammad Khaisar Wirawani S Michael Parulian Ocean Engineering Study Program Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Kalimantan Timur 76127 Indonesia Ocean Engineering Departement Faculty of Marine Technologi. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabya 60111 Indonesia

Pulang Pisau Steam Power Plant (PLTU) is one of the plants that is used to fulfill the electricity needs of the people in Central Kalimantan Province. By using coal as a source of steam production, the Pulang Pisau PLTU has a capacity of up to 2 × 60 MW. Such a large population growth cannot be avoided and it is therefore denied that the Pulang Pisau PLTU is deemed to require additional production capacity. One alternative that can be given is to increase the amount of fuel capacity, namely coal that can be accommodated. By changing the design of the existing jetty, it is expected that ships with larger capacities can lean on the Pulang Pisau power plant pond. In this study, an analysis of sediment volume rate in the existing condition jetty and two alternative jetties in the PLTU river basin area, where the modeling is done using MIKE21. The results of the existing jetty modeling show the sedimentation volume that was line up for 12 months at 9550.017 m3, while the sedimentation volume of alternative jetty 1 and 2 produced for 12 months respectively were 917.444 m3 dan 8616.040 m3. The first alternative jetty is more efficient in dealing with sediment in terms of increasing production capacity. The alternative jetty is considered to be able to maintain the determined vessel draft and not cause excessive sedimentation impacts in the Pulang Pisau power plant area.

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Toward green and sustaianable ship recycling industry in Indonesia 6

Toward green and sustaianable ship recycling industry in Ind...

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6th International Conference on Ship and Offshore Technology - Indonesia: Developments Marine Design, Construction and Operation, ICSOT Indonesia 2019

作者： Sunaryo Djatmiko, E.B. Kurt, R.E. Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Study Program Universitas Indonesia Indonesia Department of Marine Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Indonesia Department of Naval Architecture Ocean and Marine Engineering University of Strathclyde United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781713830368

The main aim of this project is to develop a sustainable, safe & environmentally sound ship recycling industry in Indonesia. As the world's largest archipelago state, it is essential for Indonesia to maintain a large fleet of ships to ensure sufficient sea transportation. However, after completing their operational life, all these ships are required to be dismantled. Currently, there is no proper understanding & infrastructure for 'Ship Recycling' in Indonesia yet. This lack of understanding causes serious contamination of the sea which results in harming the environment. Furthermore, the working conditions are extremely poor because the yards are not fit for purpose and workers are exposed to many hazards. Referring to International Maritime Organization’s Hong Kong Convention a project is carried out to preparing the process of establishing green and sustainable ship recycling industry in Indonesia by conducting gap analyses and proposing environmentally friendly ship recycling yard concept. © 2019: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects.

关键词： Ships

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Analysis of tsunami hazard in the Southern Coast of West Java Province - Indonesia 2

Analysis of tsunami hazard in the Southern Coast of West Jav...

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2nd Maritime Science and Advanced Technology: Marine Science and Technology in Framework of The Sustainable Development Goals, MSAT 2019

作者： Windupranata, W. Hanifa, N.R. Nusantara, C.A.D.S. Aristawati, G. Arifianto, M.R. Research Group of Coastal Ocean and Maritime Engineering Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia Centre for Earthquake Science and Technology Research Centre for Disaster Mitigation Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia Research Laboratory of Hydrography Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia Study Program of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia

The Southern Coast of West Java Province in the Java Islands is one of prone and exposed area to tsunami hazard. It has about 428 kilometers coastline length, covering 5 administrational regencies (i.e. Sukabumi, Cianjur, Garut, Tasikmalaya, and Pangandaran). It is a strategic area that support many economic activities including tourism, fisheries, electricity power plants, agricultures, markets as well as social factors such as coastal villages, schools and other public facilities. The existence of this strategic area is threatened by the potential for a tsunami disaster mainly from megathrust along the Southern Coast of Java Island. On 2006, a tsunami earthquake of M7.7 occurred off Pangandaran Regency with tsunami height of 5-8 meters and inundated about 500 meters along southern coast of West and Central Java Province. The tsunami caused more than 600 casualties and damage to buildings, public facilities and insfrastructure. Yet, the Indonesia National Earthquake Source and Hazard Map suggest a bigger threat of a plausible M8.7 - M9.2 megathrust earthquake off Java island. This research aims to analyze and map potential areas affected by the tsunami in the South Coast of West Java Province based on numerical modelling carried out with Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) v1.7 based on the several megathrust earthquake scenarios in southern off West Java. The results of tsunami modelling show that the highest impact is generated in the Sunda Straits & West Java - Central Java Megathrust Scenarios with highest tsunami inundation and the fastest travel time occurred in Cianjur Regency with 26,7 meters height and estimated arrival time of tsunami wave approximately 10 minutes after the mainshock, while the farthest inundation distance is estimated in Sukabumi Regency about 5.8 kilometers from the coast due to existence of river. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Hazards

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Review of smart grids advancements of energy mix sources

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2746卷

作者： A. N. Woro W. M. W. Muda A. Z. Annuar B. Syaiful Electrical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Pamulang University Pamulang Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 2103 Kuala Nerus Terengganu Malaysia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Pamulang University Pamulang Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia. Centre for Nuclear Reactor Technology and Safety National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia Tangerang Selatan Banten Indonesia

The successful implementation of smart grids depends on energy efficiency, mostly relying on the operation of electricity source infrastructure. The combination of energy sources undoubtedly provides complexity in real applications. Some of the challenges for a smart grids comes from the intermittent renewable energy characteristics such as bioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, solar, ocean power, and wind energy to the base load energy such as natural gas, coal, and nuclear. This paper aims to review the implementation of current advances of smart grids from combined energy mix sources. The review includes major components of smart grids, i.e. power plants, monitoring systems, substations, power transmission and distribution, controllers and smart meters. The review also investigates the state of the art contribution of power electronics, artificial intelligence and Internet of Things to more significant optimization, safety and efficiency in these areas. The results are expected to provide a further gap analysis of applicable technologies and best practices in mixed electricity generation sources. The final result will also consider its application in an archipelago country such as Indonesia.

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The study of Coastline Changing and Total Suspended Solid Distribution Based on The Remote Sensing Data in Teluk Lamong Multipurpose Port Terminal

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期698卷

作者： Widi Agoes Pratikto Ahmad Fitriadhy Muhammad Ilham Maulana Abiyani Choirul Huda Destyariani Liana Putri Liany Ayu Simatupang Nazariano Rahman Wahyudi Rendatiyarso Laksono Anggie Vibriyanti Rossari Dewi Ocean Engineering Departement Faculty of Marine Technology Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Department of Maritime Technology Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Malaysia Ocean Engineering Study Program Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Kalimantan Timur 76127 Indonesia

Looking forward to the abovementioned conditions, this research is needed to elaborate on the effects of the reclamation to the marine resources in Teluk Lamong Multipurpose Port Terminal as the reclaimed product. In order to describe the impact of the port development, this study will analyze the shoreline changing, the current pattern modeling, as well as the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) modeling using the remote sensing data. The several numbers of expected objectives through this study are to get the set of scientific information on the shoreline changing in Teluk Lamong Multipurpose Port Terminal in the year of 2012 and 2020, to get the figure of current pattern in Teluk Lamong Multipurpose Port Terminal in the year of 2012 and 2020, and to elaborate TSS concentration through the modeling approach in Teluk Lamong Multipurpose Port Terminal in the year of 2012 and 2020. Hence, there is a set of methodologies and tools to cooperate with the information before and after the reclamation. The use of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software to analyze coastline conditions. The using of Mike 21 to analyze the current pattern and TSS concentrations. In addition to the TSS analysis, it will also need a set of remote sensing data from the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The modeling and calculation give information about the End Point Rate (EPR) values and TSS values. The EPR values are 107.5 m/year, 59,625 m/year and 10,375 m / year. The TSS values are 0-20 mg/L, 20.1-40 mg/L, 40.1-80 mg/L, 80.1-120 mg/L and >120.1 mg/L. Moreover, the result shows the different values among the length of coastline, the current pattern, and TTS in the years 2012 and 2020. The difference in the coastline reaches 950 m at this latest 8 years. While it also brings the changing to the current pattern and sediment transport which show through its current velocity and sediment content per liter of seawater during high and low tide accordingly.

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Active Degradation-Nitrification Microbial Assemblages in the Hypoxic Zone in a Subtropical Estuary

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lu, Yanhong Cheung, Shunyan Koh, Xiu Pei Xia, Xiaomin Jing, Hongmei Lee, Puiyin Kao, Shuh-Ji Gan, Jianping Dai, Minhan Liu, Hongbin SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Ocean Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China CAS Key Laboratory for Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Sanya China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

In 2017 summer, we observed a widespread bottom hypoxic zone at the lower estuary of the Pearl River estuary (PRE). We observed i) bacterial and AOA biomass accumulation, ii) oxygen consumption rates (respiration and nitrification) in the hypoxic zone. The potential microbial interaction of both oxygen-consuming microbes in the hypoxia remained unclear. To investigate the potential microbial interaction between AOA and heterotrophic bacteria in the hypoxic zone, we used bacterial and AOA communities (inferred from 16S rRNA gene and amoA gene, respectively) and multi-comparisons between the co-occurrence networks retrieved from DNA and RNA levels to reflect the pattern. We observed a highly diverse and active bacterial community in the hypoxia zone. The network topology revealed that Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes (Flavobacteriales), Alphaproteobacteria (Rhodobacterales and Rhodospirillales), Marinimicrobia, Cyanobacteria (Synechococcales), and AOA sublineages were module hubs and connectors, indicating that they were the keystone taxa of the microbial communities. The hub-subnetwork further showed robust co-occurrence between Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes (Flavobacteriales), Alphaproteobacteria (Rhodobacterales and Rhodospirillales), Marinimicrobia with AOA sublineages, and Nitrospinae (presumably NOB)) reflecting the formation of Degradation-Nitrification microbial assemblage in the hypoxia zone. The subnetworks revealed AOA ecotype-specific modularization and niche partitioning of different AOA sublineages. Interestingly, the recurring co-occurrence of SCM1-like II sublineages with Nitrospinae OTUs formed nitrifiers assemblage in the RNA subnetworks suggested an interaction via nitrite exchange. The Degradation-Nitrification microbial assemblage may contribute substantially to the oxygen consumption in the hypoxia formation in PRE. Our results provide new insight into the nitrifier-associated microbial assemblage that should be further explored in the mar

关键词： Bacteria

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The ultimate strength characteristics on double hull oil tanker

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期575卷

作者： Arlinda Verawati Lukman Juswan Muhammad Zubair Muis Alie Amalia Ika Wulandari Department of Ocean Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Naval Engineering Study Program Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Kalimantan Timur Indonesia

A double hull tanker is one of the specific ships where the payload is liquid. The payload is an internal load and gives pressure inside the cargo hold. Besides, the external load like wave act simultaneously on the ship during the voyage. Therefore, the ultimate strength of the ship caused by the internal and external loads must be investigated. The objective of the present study is to investigate the ultimate strength characteristic of double hull oil tankers under hogging and sagging conditions. The cross-section of the double hull tanker is modeled using the finite element method to analyze the ultimate strength. The master node is applied to both sides of the cross-section to know the characteristic of the hull girder under hogging and sagging conditions. One side of the master node is constrained, and the other one is given by rotational force. The analytical method is performed, and the result obtained by the numerical method is then compared, including their characteristic in terms of moment-curvature relationship and deformation.

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Analysis of tsunami hazard in the Southern Coast of West Java Province - Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期618卷

作者： W Windupranata N R Hanifa C A D S Nusantara G Aristawati M R Arifianto Research Group of Coastal Ocean and Maritime Engineering Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung – Indonesia Research Laboratory of Hydrography Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Centre for Earthquake Science and Technology Research Centre for Disaster Mitigation Institut Teknologi Bandung Study Program of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung

The Southern Coast of West Java Province in the Java Islands is one of prone and exposed area to tsunami hazard. It has about 428 kilometers coastline length, covering 5 administrational regencies (i.e. Sukabumi, Cianjur, Garut, Tasikmalaya, and Pangandaran). It is a strategic area that support many economic activities including tourism, fisheries, electricity power plants, agricultures, markets as well as social factors such as coastal villages, schools and other public facilities. The existence of this strategic area is threatened by the potential for a tsunami disaster mainly from megathrust along the Southern Coast of Java Island. On 2006, a tsunami earthquake of M7.7 occurred off Pangandaran Regency with tsunami height of 5-8 meters and inundated about 500 meters along southern coast of West and Central Java Province. The tsunami caused more than 600 casualties and damage to buildings, public facilities and insfrastructure. Yet, the Indonesia National Earthquake Source and Hazard Map suggest a bigger threat of a plausible M8.7 – M9.2 megathrust earthquake off Java island. This research aims to analyze and map potential areas affected by the tsunami in the South Coast of West Java Province based on numerical modelling carried out with Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) v1.7 based on the several megathrust earthquake scenarios in southern off West Java. The results of tsunami modelling show that the highest impact is generated in the Sunda Straits & West Java - Central Java Megathrust Scenarios with highest tsunami inundation and the fastest travel time occurred in Cianjur Regency with 26,7 meters height and estimated arrival time of tsunami wave approximately 10 minutes after the mainshock, while the farthest inundation distance is estimated in Sukabumi Regency about 5.8 kilometers from the coast due to existence of river.

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Sea level rise impact on mangrove growth and development in Coral Triangle Ecoregion Southeast, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期797卷

作者： Kangkuso Analuddin Andi Septiana Jamili Idin Sahidin Usman Rianse Sahadev Sharma Kazuo Nadaoka Eka Diaz Anjani Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Haluoleo 93232 Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara INDONESIA Study Program of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Haluoleo 93232 Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara INDONESIA Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Haluoleo 93232 Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara INDONESIA Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Haluoleo 93232 Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara INDONESIA Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Malaya MALAYSIA Graduate School of Transdisiplinary Sciences and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo JAPAN

The mangroves are among the most at-risk coastal ecosystems, which are especially vulnerable to sea-level rise. This study aimed to know the growth capacity and biochemical defense of mangrove seedlings of Rhizophora mucronata under different sea water logging at experimental condition in Kendari bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Results showed that maximum leaf area, intrinsic rate increase of leaf area and relative growth rate (RGR) of height of the R. mucronata seedlings were significantly higher at treatment of 45 cm from the ground than other treatments, whereas RGR of diameter was the higher at treatment of 30 cm from the ground. Meanwhile, half expansion period leaf area was almost similar for all treatment. However, the carbon and nitrogen ratio in leaves of R. mucronata seedlings was significantly higher at seawater logging of 0 cm from the ground. The flavonoid and vitamin C concentrations in R. mucronata seedlings were higher at higher level inundation indicating protective role of these compounds under seawater logging stress.

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