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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第4期4卷 884-895页

作者： Yu, Haoxiang Raychoudhury, Vaskar Saha, Snehanshu Edinger, Janick Smith, Roger O. Gani, Md Osman The University of Texas at Austin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AustinTX78712 United States Miami University Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering OxfordOH45056 United States Bits Pilani K.K. Birla Goa Campus Department of Computer Science & Information Systems Appcair Zuarinagar403726 India University of Hamburg Department of Informatics & Distributed Operating Systems Hamburg20146 Germany University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Department of Rehabilitation Sciences & Technology MilwaukeeWI53706 United States University of Maryland Baltimore County Department of Information Systems BaltimoreMD21250 United States

Finding a barrier-free accessible path through the built environment is necessary for wheelchair users. Researchers have identified the effect of surface vibration on the health of wheelchair users and proposed various solutions to identify and annotate mobility barriers. However, the effects of surface-induced vibration on accessibility are yet to be investigated. In order to address this problem, we present the WheelShare system, which uses machine learning to identify surfaces and curbs from vibration captured by accelerometer and gyroscope sensors (both smartphone and wearable device). WheelShare allows users to share their collected data via crowdsourcing. Based on this surface-specific vibration, we recognize 32 different surfaces found across the built environment (in Austria, China, France, Germany, India, and the USA for 32 human subjects) with an accuracy of 97.5%. The recognized surfaces are then grouped into different categories based on their characteristics. Our novel contributions in this article include the following. 1) We have developed a machine-learning-enabled surface recognition system that uses sensor data to capture surface-induced vibration patterns. 2) We have tested the robustness of the system for devices with only accelerometer data (such as low-end smartphones) and achieved an accuracy of 91.6%. 3) We have deployed our prototype WheelShare system for real-time surface classification in new sites that are unseen in training and testing and successfully recognized the surface characteristics. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Accelerometers

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Puma: An aspect-oriented code analysis and manipulation framework for C and C++

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2011年 6580卷 141-162页

作者： Urban, Matthias Lohmann, Daniel Spinczyk, Olaf Pure-Systems GmbH Magdeburg Germany Computer Science 4 Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen Nuremberg Germany Computer Science 12 Embedded System Software Technische Universität Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642220302

Puma is a framework for the development of applications that analyze and optionally transform C or C++ source code. It supports all standard ISO C and C++ language features as well as many language extensions of the GNU Compiler Collection and Microsoft Visual C++. Aspects played an important role during the design and implementation of the framework. It is written in the AspectC++ language. By employing AOSD concepts we gained clean separation of concerns and, thereby, very good configurability and extensibility. All these -ilities are of vital importance for our project, because the available manpower for maintenance tasks is limited. This paper describes the tools, which we used for the development, the principles behind the design of Puma, and its implementation. Even though criticized during the last few years, our experiences show that aspect technology has clear benefits for the development of complex industrial applications. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Visual languages

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WinPEPSY-QNS - Performance Evaluation and Prediction System for Queueing Networks

WinPEPSY-QNS - Performance Evaluation and Prediction System ...

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13th GI/ITG Conference - Measuring, Modelling and Evaluation of Computer and Communication systems

作者： Peter Bazan Gunter Bolch Reinhard German Department of Computer Networks and Communication Systems Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Germany Department of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Germany

WinPEPSY-QNS is a tool for the easy construction of queueing network models and the evaluation of the performance measures. A graphical and a textual editor can be used for the construction process. The performance measures of the models can be derived by several analysis methods. For product-form networks the mean value analysis (MVA), the method of Jackson, and the method for BCMP networks are implemented. For non-product-form networks the methods of Marie or Chylla can be used. The state space based analysis is provided by a discrete event simulation and solvers for continuous time Markov chains. Some important non-Markovian distributions can be approximated by phase-type distributions. For large Markov chains an efficient solver has been implemented, based on multi-valued decision diagrams and a new approximation method for the stationary analysis.

关键词： Throughput

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A Practitioner's Guide to Software-Based Soft-Error Mitigation Using AN-Codes

A Practitioner's Guide to Software-Based Soft-Error Mitigati...

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IEEE International Symposim on High Assurance systems Engineering

作者： Martin Hoffmann Peter Ulbrich Christian Dietrich Horst Schirmeier Daniel Lohmann Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat Chair of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Department of Computer Science 12 Technische Universität Dortmund Germany

Arithmetic error coding schemes (AN codes) are a well known and effective technique for soft error mitigation. Although coding theory being a rich area of mathematics, their implementation seems to be fairly easy. However, compliance with the theory can be lost easily while moving towards an actual implementation - finally jeopardizing the aspired fault-tolerance characteristics. In this paper, we present our experiences and lessons learned from implementing AN codes in the Cored dependable voter. We focus on the challenges and pitfalls in the transition from maths to machine code for a binary computer from a systems perspective. Our results show, that practical misconceptions (such as the use of prime numbers) and architecture-dependent implementation glitches occur on every stage of this transition. We identify typical pitfalls and describe practical measures to find and resolve them. Our measures eliminate all remaining SDCs in the Cored voter, which is validated by an extensive fault-injection campaign that covers 100 percent of the fault space for 1-bit and 2-bit errors.

关键词： Encoding Error probability Registers Hardware Fault tolerance

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Secure Communication for Computational Steering of Grid Jobs

Secure Communication for Computational Steering of Grid Jobs

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16th Euromicro Conference on Parallel, distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP 2008)

作者： Daniel Lorenz Peter Buchholz Christian Uebing Wolfgang Walkowiak Roland Wismuller Operating Systems and Distributed Systems University of Siegen Germany Experimental Particle Physics University of Siegen Germany Center for Information and Media Technology University of Siegen Germany

A basic requirement for computational steering of Grid jobs and for other interactive applications is a reliable and secure connection to the Grid job. If the Grid job is submitted by a resource broker the target host may be unknown, placed in a private IP network, and/or protected by firewalls. This paper analyses possible Grid site configurations that affect the establishment of a communication channel and classifies different scenarios. Mechanisms to establish a secure Grid connection to the remote job are described for each scenario. Security issues for the user and the administrator are identified that arise from the different ways to establish a connection. The implementation of the communication channel of RMOST (Result Monitoring and Online Steering Tool) is described. The throughput, response time, and the connection time are evaluated in dependence of the different scenario types and security levels.

关键词： Grid computing Communication channels Data security Computer networks IP networks Protection Concurrent computing distributed computing Physics computing Telecommunication network reliability

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Self-Attentive Classification-Based Anomaly Detection in Unstructured Logs

Self-Attentive Classification-Based Anomaly Detection in Uns...

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Sasho Nedelkoski Jasmin Bogatinovski Alexander Acker Jorge Cardoso Odej Kao Distributed and Operating Systems TU Berlin Berlin Germany Huawei Munich Research Center Huawei Technologies Munich Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728183169

ISBN: (纸本)9781728183176

The detection of anomalies is an essential data mining task for achieving security and reliability in computer systems. Logs are a common and major data source for anomaly detection methods in almost every computer system. Recent studies have focused predominantly on one-class deep learning methods on manually specified log representations. The main limitation is that these models are not able to learn log representations describing the semantic differences between normal and anomaly logs, leading to a poor generalization on unseen logs. We propose Logsy, a classification-based method to learn log representations that allow to distinguish between normal system log data and anomaly samples from auxiliary log datasets, easily accessible via the internet. The idea behind such an approach to anomaly detection is that the auxiliary dataset is sufficiently informative to enhance the representation of the normal data, yet diverse to regularize against overfitting and improve generalization. We perform several experiments on publicly available datasets to evaluate the performance and properties, where we show improvement of 0.25 in F1 compared to previous methods.

关键词： Deep learning Semantics Training data Reliability Computer security Task analysis Anomaly detection

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FAIL*: An Open and Versatile Fault-Injection Framework for the Assessment of Software-Implemented Hardware Fault Tolerance

FAIL*: An Open and Versatile Fault-Injection Framework for t...

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European Dependable Computing Conference (EDCC)

作者： Horst Schirmeier Martin Hoffmann Christian Dietrich Michael Lenz Daniel Lohmann Olaf Spinczyk Departmcnt of Computer Science 12 Technische Universität Dortmund Germany Chair of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Ntirnberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467392907

Due to voltage and structure shrinking, the influence of radiation on a circuit's operation increases, resulting in future hardware designs exhibiting much higher rates of soft errors. Software developers have to cope with these effects to ensure functional safety. However, software-based hardware fault tolerance is a holistic property that is tricky to achieve in practice, potentially impaired by every single design decision. We present FAIL*, an open and versatile architecture-level fault-injection (FI) framework for the continuous assessment and quantification of fault tolerance in an iterative software development process. FAIL* supplies the developer with reusable and composable FI campaigns, advanced pre-and post-processing analyses to easily identify sensitive spots in the software, well-abstracted back-end implementations for several hardware and simulator platforms, and scalability of FI campaigns by providing massive parallelization. We describe FAIL*, its application to the development process of safety-critical software, and the lessons learned from a real-world example.

关键词： Hardware Software Circuit faults Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Computer architecture Software measurement

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Self-attentive classification-based anomaly detection in unstructured logs

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Nedelkoski, Sasho Bogatinovski, Jasmin Acker, Alexander Cardoso, Jorge Kao, Odej Distributed and Operating Systems TU Berlin Berlin Germany Huawei Munich Research Center Huawei Technologies Munich Germany

The detection of anomalies is essential mining task for the security and reliability in computer systems. Logs are a common and major data source for anomaly detection methods in almost every computer system. They collect a range of significant events describing the runtime system status. Recent studies have focused predominantly on one-class deep learning methods on predefined non-learnable numerical log representations. The main limitation is that these models are not able to learn log representations describing the semantic differences between normal and anomaly logs, leading to a poor generalization of unseen logs. We propose Logsy, a classification-based method to learn log representations in a way to distinguish between normal data from the system of interest and anomaly samples from auxiliary log datasets, easily accessible via the internet. The idea behind such an approach to anomaly detection is that the auxiliary dataset is sufficiently informative to enhance the representation of the normal data, yet diverse to regularize against overfitting and improve generalization. We propose an attention-based encoder model with a new hyperspherical loss function. This enables learning compact log representations capturing the intrinsic differences between normal and anomaly logs. Empirically, we show an average improvement of 0.25 in the F1 score, compared to the previous methods. To investigate the properties of Logsy, we perform additional experiments including evaluation of the effect of the auxiliary data size, the influence of expert knowledge, and the quality of the learned log representations. The results show that the learned representation boost the performance of the previous methods such as PCA with a relative improvement of 28.2%. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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On Quality-of-Service and Publish-Subscribe

On Quality-of-Service and Publish-Subscribe

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International Conference on distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： S. Behnel L. Fiege G. Muhl Databases and Distributed Systems Group Technische Universitat Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Siemens AG Munich Germany Communication and Operating Systems Technische Universitat Berlin Berlin Germany

Publish-subscribe is a powerful paradigm for distributed communication based on decoupled producers and consumers of information. Its event-driven nature makes it very appealing for large-scale data dissemination infrastructures. Various architectures were proposed in recent years that provide very diverse features. However, there are few well-defined metrics in the publish-subscribe area that would allow their evaluation and comparison. In this paper, we provide a broad overview of relevant quality-of-service metrics and describe their specific meaning in the context of distributed and decentralized publish-subscribe systems. Our goal is to provide a common base for future evaluations of emerging systems and for the design of qualityof- service aware publish-subscribe infrastructures.

关键词： Quality of service Publish-subscribe Subscriptions Delay Filtering distributed databases operating systems Large-scale systems Context Filters

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100 Gbit/s End-to-End Communication: Designing Scalable Protocols with Soft Real-Time Stream Processing

100 Gbit/s End-to-End Communication: Designing Scalable Prot...

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Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)

作者： Steffen Büchner Lukasz Lopacinski Jörg Nolte Rolf Kraemer Distributed Systems/Operating Systems Group Systems Group Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg Cottbus Germany Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics GmbH System Design Group Frankfurt/Oder Germany

With the recent roll-out of 100 Gbit Ethernet technology for high-performance computing applications and the technology for 100 Gbit wireless communication emerging on the horizon, it is just a matter of time until non-high performance computing applications will have to utilize these data rates. Since 10 Gbit/s protocol processing is already challenging for current server machines and simply upscaling the computing resources is no solution, new approaches are needed. In this paper, we present a stream processing based design approach for scalable communication protocols. The stream processing paradigm enables us to adapt the communication protocol processing for a certain hardware configuration without touching the protocol's implementation. We use this design technique to develop a prototype communication protocol for ultra-high throughput applications and we demonstrate how to adapt the protocol processing for a Stable Throughput as well as for a Low Latency scenario. Last but not least, we present the evaluation results of the experiments, which show that the measured throughput respectively latency of the adapted protocol, scales nearly linear with the number of provided interfaces.

关键词： Protocols Hardware Real-time systems Wireless communication Throughput Receivers Servers

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