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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Jian Ding, Thomas Siyuan Chen, Hongyu Gao, Anyuan Qian, Tiema Huang, Zumeng Sun, Zhe Han, Xin Strasser, Alex Li, Jiangxu Geiwitz, Michael Shehabeldin, Mohamed Belosevich, Vsevolod Wang, Zihan Wang, Yiping Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Bell, David C. Wang, Ziqiang Fu, Liang Zhang, Yang Qian, Xiaofeng Burch, Kenneth S. Shi, Youguo Ni, Ni Chang, Guoqing Xu, Su-Yang Ma, Qiong Department of Physics Boston College Chestnut HillMA United States Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences The Center for Nanoscale system Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program CIFAR Toronto Canada

The convergence of topology and correlations represents a highly coveted realm in the pursuit of novel quantum states of matter [1, 2]. Introducing electron correlations to a quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator can lead to the emergence of a fractional topological insulator and other exotic time-reversal-symmetric topological order [3- 10], not possible in quantum Hall and Chern insulator systems. However, the QSH insulator with quantized edge conductance remains rare, let alone that with significant correlations. In this work, we report a novel dual QSH insulator within the intrinsic monolayer crystal of TaIrTe4, arising from the interplay of its single-particle topology and density-tuned electron correlations. At charge neutrality, monolayer TaIrTe4 demonstrates the QSH insulator that aligns with single-particle band structure calculations, manifesting enhanced nonlocal transport and quantized helical edge conductance. Interestingly, upon introducing electrons from charge neutrality, TaIrTe4 only shows metallic behavior in a small range of charge densities but quickly goes into a new insulating state, entirely unexpected based on TaIrTe4's single-particle band structure. This insulating state could arise from a strong electronic instability near the van Hove singularities (VHS), likely leading to a charge density wave (CDW). Remarkably, within this correlated insulating gap, we observe a resurgence of the QSH state, marked by the revival of nonlocal transport and quantized helical edge conduction. Our observation of helical edge conduction in a CDW gap could bridge spin physics and charge orders. The discovery of a dual QSH insulator introduces a new method for creating topological flat minibands via CDW superlattices, which offer a promising platform for exploring time-reversal-symmetric fractional phases and electromagnetism [3-5, 11, 12]. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge density waves

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Active shape-morphing elastomeric colloids in short-pitch cholesteric liquid crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2016年

作者： Evans, Julian S. Sun, Yaoran Senyuk, Bohdan Keller, Patrick Pergamenshchik, Victor M. Lee, Taewoo Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China Institut Curie Centre de Recherche CNRS UMR 168 Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris cedex 0575248 France Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Material Science and Engineering Program Department of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Institute of Physics Prospect Nauky 46 Kyiv03039 Ukraine Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Active elastomeric liquid crystal particles with initial cylindrical shapes are obtained by means of soft lithography and polymerization in a strong magnetic field. Gold nanocrystals infiltrated into these particles mediate energy transfer from laser light to heat, so that the inherent coupling between the temperature-dependent order and shape allows for dynamic morphing of these particles and well-controlled stable shapes. Continuous changes of particle shapes are followed by their spontaneous realignment and transformations of director structures in the surrounding cholesteric host, as well as locomotion in the case of a nonreciprocal shape morphing. These findings bridge the fields of liquid crystal solids and active colloids, may enable shape-controlled self-assembly of adaptive composites and light-driven micromachines, and can be understood by employing simple symmetry considerations along with electrostatic analogies. Copyright © 2016, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Colloids

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Moiré exciton polaron engineering via twisted hBN

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Cho, Minhyun Datta, Biswajit Han, Kwanghee Chand, Saroj B. Adak, Pratap Chandra Yu, Sichao Li, Fengping Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Hone, James Jung, Jeil Grosso, Gabriele Kim, Young Duck Menon, Vinod M. Department of Physics Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro Seoul02447 Korea Republic of Department of Physics City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Department of Smart Cities University of Seoul Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Information Display Kyung Hee University Seoul02447 Korea Republic of

Twisted hexagonal boron nitride (thBN) exhibits emergent ferroelectricity due to the formation of moiré superlattices with alternating AB and BA domains. These domains possess electric dipoles, leading to a periodic electrostatic potential that can be imprinted onto other 2D materials placed in its proximity. Here we demonstrate the remote imprinting of moiré patterns from twisted hexagonal boron nitride (thBN) onto monolayer MoSe2 and investigate the resulting changes in the exciton properties. We confirm the imprinting of moiré patterns on monolayer MoSe2 via proximity using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and hyperspectral photoluminescence (PL) mapping. By developing a technique to create large ferroelectric domain sizes ranging from 1 µm to 8.7 µm, we achieve unprecedented potential modulation of ∼ 387±52 meV. We observe the formation of exciton polarons due to charge redistribution caused by the antiferroelectric moiré domains and investigate the optical property changes induced by the moiré pattern in monolayer MoSe2 by varying the moiré pattern size down to ∼110 nm. Our findings highlight the potential of twisted hBN as a platform for controlling the optical and electronic properties of 2D materials for optoelectronic and valleytronic applications. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Boron nitride

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Large-scale expanded sample imaging with tiling lattice lightsheet microscopy

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The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 2023年 154卷 106340页

作者： Chieh-Han Lu Cheng-Yu Huang Xuejiao Tian Peilin Chen Bi-Chang Chen Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Institute and Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 116 Taiwan. Electronic address: chenb10@gate.sinica.edu.tw. Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan. Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan. Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan.

The ability to observe biological nanostructures forms a vital step in understanding their functions. Thanks to the invention of expansion microscopy (ExM) technology, super-resolution features of biological samples can now be easily visualized with conventional light microscopies. However, when the sample is physically expanded, the demand for deep and precise 3D imaging increases. Lattice lightsheet microscopy (LLSM), which utilizes a planar illumination that is confined within the imaging depth of high numerical aperture (NA=1.1) detection objective, fulfils such requirements. In addition, optical tiling could be implemented to increase the field of view (FoV) by moving the lightsheet without mechanically moving the samples or the objective for high-precision 3D imaging. In this review article, we will explain the principle of the tiling lattice lightsheet microscopy (tLLSM), which combines optical tiling and lattice lightsheet, and discuss the applications of tLLSM in ExM.

关键词： 3D imaging Expansion microscopy Lightsheet microscopy Super-resolution imaging Thick tissue imaging Tiling lattice lightsheet

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From Challenges and Pitfalls to Recommendations and Opportunities: Implementing Federated Learning in Healthcare

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Ming Xu, Pengcheng Hu, Junjie Tang, Zeyu Yang, Guang Bioengineering Department Imperial-X Imperial College London LondonW12 7SL United Kingdom National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA United States State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Tri-Institutional Computational Biology & Medicine Program Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University New York United States Cardiovascular Research Centre Royal Brompton Hospital LondonSW3 6NP United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King’s College London LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom

Federated learning holds great potential for enabling large-scale healthcare research and collaboration across multiple centres while ensuring data privacy and security are not compromised. Although numerous recent studies suggest or utilize federated learning based methods in healthcare, it remains unclear which ones have potential clinical utility. This review paper considers and analyzes the most recent studies up to May 2024 that describe federated learning based methods in healthcare. After a thorough review, we find that the vast majority are not appropriate for clinical use due to their methodological flaws and/or underlying biases which include but are not limited to privacy concerns, generalization issues, and communication costs. As a result, the effectiveness of federated learning in healthcare is significantly compromised. To overcome these challenges, we provide recommendations and promising opportunities that might be implemented to resolve these problems and improve the quality of model development in federated learning with healthcare. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Federated learning

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Artificial Photosynthesis: Ni-Nanocluster Modified Black TiO2with Dual Active Sites for Selective Photocatalytic CO2Reduction (Small 2/2018)

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Small 2018年第2期14卷

作者： Tadesse Billo Fang-Yu Fu Putikam Raghunath Indrajit Shown Wei-Fu Chen Hsiang-Ting Lien Tzu-Hsien Shen Jyh-Fu Lee Ting-Shan Chan Kuo-You Huang Chih-I Wu M. C. Lin Jih-Shang Hwang Chih-Hao Lee Li-Chyong Chen Kuei-Hsien Chen Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Institute of Optoelectronic Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung 202 Taiwan Center for Interdisciplinary Molecular Science Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

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Protein and lipid expansion microscopy with trypsin and tyramide signal amplification for 3D imaging

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Scientific reports 2023年第1期13卷 21922页

作者： Ueh-Ting Tim Wang Xuejiao Tian Yae-Huei Liou Sue-Ping Lee Hsiao-Tang Hu Chieh-Han Lu Po-Ting Lin Ya-Jen Cheng Peilin Chen Bi-Chang Chen Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106348 Taiwan. Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan. Institute of Molecular Biology Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Institute and Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 116 Taiwan. Neuroscience Program NPAS Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan ROC. Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan. chenb10@gate.sinica.edu.tw.

Expansion microscopy, whereby the relative positions of biomolecules are physically increased via hydrogel expansion, can be used to reveal ultrafine structures of cells under a conventional microscope. Despite its utility for achieving super-resolution imaging, expansion microscopy suffers a major drawback, namely reduced fluorescence signals caused by excessive proteolysis and swelling effects. This caveat results in a lower photon budget and disfavors fluorescence imaging over a large field of view that can cover an entire expanded cell, especially in 3D. In addition, the complex procedures and specialized reagents of expansion microscopy hinder its popularization. Here, we modify expansion microscopy by deploying trypsin digestion to reduce protein loss and tyramide signal amplification to enhance fluorescence signal for point-scanning-based imaging. We name our new methodology TT-ExM to indicate dual trypsin and tyramide treatments. TT-ExM may be applied for both antibody and lipid staining. TT-ExM displayed enhanced protein retention for endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial markers in COS-7 cell cultures. Importantly, TT-ExM-based lipid staining clearly revealed the complex 3D membrane structures in entire expanded cells. Through combined lipid and DNA staining, our TT-ExM methodology highlighted mitochondria by revealing their DNA and membrane structures in cytoplasm, as well as the lipid-rich structures formed via phase separation in nuclei at interphase. We also observed lipid-rich chromosome matrices in the mitotic cells. These high-quality 3D images demonstrate the practicality of TT-ExM. Thus, readily available reagents can be deployed in TT-ExM to significantly enhance fluorescence signals and generate high-quality and ultrafine-resolution images under confocal microscopy.

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7.2: Integrated Organic Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices as Real-time and Indicator-free Biosensor

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SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 2012年第1期42卷

作者： Yu-Chiang Chao Shih-De Yeh Hsin-Fei Meng Hsiao-Wen Zan Gao-Fong Chang Chen-Hsiung Hung Tzu-Ching Meng Institute of Physics National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan and Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 105 Taiwan Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 105 Taiwan Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 105 Taiwan

A biosensor specific to nitric oxide is realized by integrating an organic light-emitting diode, a photodetector, and a sensing hydrogel film. Two organic filters are also used to reduce the influence of the excitatio...

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Erratum: Extended Drude Model for Intraband-Transition-Induced optical Nonlinearity [Phys. Rev. Applied 11, 064062 (2019)]

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Physical Review Applied 2020年第3期14卷 039901-039901页

作者： Heng Wang Kang Du Chuhao Jiang Zhiqiang Yang Lixia Ren Wending Zhang Soo Jin Chua Ting Mei MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710129 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore 117583 LEES Program Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research & Technology (SMART) 1 CREATE Way #10-01 CREATE Tower Singapore 138602

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P-27: Novel AlNiLa Serves as Gate Electrodes of a-TFT for AMLCD

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SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 2012年第1期41卷

作者： Po-Tsun Liu Yi-Teh Chou Ting-Hao Hsu An-Di Huang Bing-Mau Chen Department of Photonics & Display Institute National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan 300 Department of Photonics & Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan 300 Master Degree Program of Flat Panel Display Technology National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan 300 Department of Opto-Electronic System Engineering Minghsin University of Science and Technology Hsinchu Taiwan 30010 R.O.C.

AlNiLa metallization technology is introduced for AMLCD as gate electrodes. Ni can effectively prevent Al diffusing into Si-based layer while La can obviously increase uniformity during AlNiLa deposition than that of conventional Al-Nd alloy. According to the electrical measurement results, the compatibility of AlNiLa in TFT has been verified.

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