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Biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Jyothsna Somanna Deepika Joshi Hiranmaya Gundu Gowri Srinivasa PES Center for Pattern Recognition and Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering PES University Bengaluru India

Polysomnography (PSG) is a sleep study where multiple parameters of a subject are continuously monitored to detect sleep disorders that can have adverse health effects. This study uses Machine Learning techniques to automatically detect and classify apneas and hypopneas in PSG data. By incorporating features that sleep analysts look for in PSG data we present a machine learning based approach to automatically detect the presence of hypopnea or apnea and classify the type of pathology. This paper presents a visualization of the PSG study, explicates the design of features and provides a comparison between the approaches of learning from the computed features versus the signal directly. Our results demonstrate that a hierarchical SVM model trained on a small set of features yields an accuracy of 82.6% with a high precision of 86%.

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SkinScan: Low-Cost 3D-scanning for Dermatologic diagnosis and documentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Nau, Merlin A. Schiffers, Florian Li, Yunhao Xu, Bingjie Maier, Andreas Tumblin, Jack Walton, Marc Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. Willomitzer, Florian Cossairt, Oliver Department of Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston United States Pattern Recognition Lab Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston United States Center for Scientific Studies in the Arts Northwestern University Evanston United States Department of Radiology Northwestern University Chicago United States

The utilization of computational photography becomes increasingly essential in the medical field. Today, imaging techniques for dermatology range from two-dimensional (2D) color imagery with a mobile device to professional clinical imaging systems measuring additional detailed three-dimensional (3D) data. The latter are commonly expensive and not accessible to a broad audience. In this work, we propose a novel system and software framework that relies only on low-cost (and even mobile) commodity devices present in every household to measure detailed 3D information of the human skin with a 3D-gradient-illumination-based method. We believe that our system has great potential for early-stage diagnosis and monitoring of skin diseases, especially in vastly populated or underdeveloped areas. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Imaging systems

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DCFH: A dynamic clustering approach based on fire hawk optimizer in flying ad hoc networks

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Vehicular Communications 2024年 47卷

作者： Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Ali, Saqib Ahmad, Husham Jawad Alanazi, Faisal Yousefpoor, Mohammad Sadegh Yousefpoor, Efat Darwesh, Aso Rahmani, Amir Masoud Lee, Sang-Woong Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam School of Medicine and Pharmacy Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Al Khoudh Muscat Oman Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Cihan University-Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia Center of Research and Strategic Studies Lebanese French University Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Information Technology University of Human Development Kurdistan Region Sulaymaniyah Iraq Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Gachon University 1342 Seongnamdaero Sujeonggu Seongnam 13120 South Korea

In flying ad hoc networks (FANETs), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) communicate with each other without any fixed infrastructure. Because of frequent topological changes, instability of wireless communication, three-dimensional movement of UAVs, and limited resources, especially energy, FANETs deal with many challenges, especially the instability of UAV swarms. One solution to address these problems is clustering because it maintains network performance and increases scalability. In this paper, a dynamic clustering scheme based on fire hawk optimizer (DCFH) is proposed for FANETs. In DCFH, each cluster head calculates the period of hello messages in its cluster based on its velocity. Then, a fire hawk optimizer (FHO)-based dynamic clustering operation is carried out to determine the role of each UAV (cluster head (CH) or cluster member (CM)) in the network. To calculate the fitness value of each fire hawk, a fitness function is suggested based on four elements, namely the balance of energy consumption, the number of isolated clusters, the distribution of CHs, and the neighbor degree. To improve cluster stability, each CH manages the movement of its CMs and adjusts it based on its movement in the network. In the last phase, DCFH defines a greedy routing process to determine the next-hop node based on a score, which consists of distance between CHs, energy, and buffer capacity. Finally, DCFH is simulated using the network simulator version 2 (NS2), and its performance is compared with three methods, including the mobility-based weighted cluster routing scheme (MWCRSF), the dynamic clustering mechanism (DCM), and the Grey wolf optimization (GWO)-based clustering protocol. The simulation results show that DCFH well manages the number of clusters in the network. It improves the cluster construction time (about 55.51%), cluster lifetime (approximately 11.13%), energy consumption (about 15.16%), network lifetime (about 2.6%), throughput (approximately 3.9%), packet deliver

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) Clustering Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) Optimization algorithms Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

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SEMPAI: a Self-Enhancing Multi-Photon Artificial Intelligence for prior-informed assessment of muscle function and pathology

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Mühlberg, Alexander Ritter, Paul Langer, Simon Goossens, Chloë Nübler, Stefanie Schneidereit, Dominik Taubmann, Oliver Denzinger, Felix Nörenberg, Dominik Haug, Michael Goldmann, Wolfgang H. Maier, Andreas K. Friedrich, Oliver Kreiss, Lucas Institute of Medical Biotechnology Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies Germany Pattern Recognition Lab Department of Computer Science Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Clinical Division Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine KU Leuven Belgium Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University Medical Center Mannheim Medical Faculty Mannheim Germany Biophysics Group Department of Physics Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany

Deep learning (DL) shows notable success in biomedical studies. However, most DL algorithms work as a black box, exclude biomedical experts, and need extensive data. We introduce the Self-Enhancing Multi-Photon Artificial Intelligence (SEMPAI), that integrates hypothesis-driven priors in a data-driven DL approach for research on multiphoton microscopy (MPM) of muscle fibers. SEMPAI utilizes meta-learning to optimize prior integration, data representation, and neural network architecture simultaneously. This allows hypothesis testing and provides interpretable feedback about the origin of biological information in MPM images. SEMPAI performs joint learning of several tasks to enable prediction for small datasets. The method is applied on an extensive multi-study dataset resulting in the largest joint analysis of pathologies and function for single muscle fibers. SEMPAI outperforms state-of-the-art biomarkers in six of seven predictive tasks, including those with scarce data. SEMPAI’s DL models with integrated priors are superior to those without priors and to prior-only machine learning approaches. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Muscle

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Structuring Nonlinear Wavefront Emitted from Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1721-1730页

作者： Xuanmiao Hong Guangwei Hu Wenchao Zhao Kai Wang Shang Sun Rui Zhu Jing Wu Weiwei Liu Kian Ping Loh Andrew Thye Shen Wee Bing Wang Andrea Alù Cheng-Wei Qiu Peixiang Lu Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117583 Advanced Science Research Center City University of New YorkNew York 10031USA Department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3Singapore 117542 Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research2 Fusionopolis WayInnovis#08-03Singapore 138634 Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore 17543 Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of SingaporeBlock S146 Science Drive 2Singapore 117546 Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China

The growing demand for tailored nonlinearity calls for a structure with unusual phase discontinuity that allows the realization of nonlinear optical chirality,holographic imaging,and nonlinear wavefront ***-metal dichalcogenide(TMDC)monolayers offer giant optical nonlinearity within a few-angstrom thickness,but limitations in optical absorption and domain size impose restriction on wavefront control of nonlinear emissions using classical light *** contrast,noble metal-based plasmonic nanosieves support giant field enhancements and precise nonlinear phase control,with hundred-nanometer pixellevel resolution;however,they suffer from intrinsically weak nonlinear ***,we report a multifunctional nonlinear interface by integrating TMDC monolayers with plasmonic nanosieves,yielding drastically different nonlinear functionalities that cannot be accessed by either *** a hybrid nonlinear interface allows second-harmonic(SH)orbital angular momentum(OAM)generation,beam steering,versatile polarization control,and holograms,with an effective SH nonlinearityχ^((2))of~25 nm/*** designer platform synergizes the TMDC monolayer and plasmonic nanosieves to empower tunable geometric phases and large field enhancement,paving the way toward multifunctional and ultracompact nonlinear optical devices.

关键词： nonlinearity Transition yielding

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Fully automatic HER2 tissue segmentation for interpretable HER2 scoring

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Journal of Pathology Informatics 2025年 17卷 100435-100435页

作者： Öttl, Mathias Steenpass, Jana Wilm, Frauke Qiu, Jingna Rübner, Matthias Lang-Schwarz, Corinna Taverna, Cecilia Tava, Francesca Hartmann, Arndt Huebner, Hanna Beckmann, Matthias W. Fasching, Peter A. Maier, Andreas Erber, Ramona Breininger, Katharina Pattern Recognition Lab Department of Computer Science Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany Institute of Pathology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen Germany Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Universitätsklinikum Erlangen Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany Center for AI and Data Science (CAIDAS) Universität Würzburg Würzburg Germany Institute of Pathology Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH Bayreuth Germany Surgical Pathology Unit Azienda Sanitaria Locale Presidio Ospedaliero Ospedale San Giacomo Novi Ligure Italy Institute of Pathology University Regensburg Regensburg Germany

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) overexpression playing a critical role in regulating cell growth and division. HER2 status, assessed according to established scoring guidelines, offers important information for treatment selection. However, the complexity of the task leads to variability in human rater assessments. In this work, we propose a fully automated, interpretable HER2 scoring pipeline based on pixel-level semantic segmentations, designed to align with clinical guidelines. Using polygon annotations, our method balances annotation effort with the ability to capture fine-grained details and larger structures, such as non-invasive tumor tissue. To enhance HER2 segmentation, we propose the use of a Wasserstein Dice loss to model class relationships, ensuring robust segmentation and HER2 scoring performance. Additionally, based on observations of pathologists' behavior in clinical practice, we propose a calibration step to the scoring rules, which positively impacts the accuracy and consistency of automated HER2 scoring. Our approach achieves an F1 score of 0.832 on HER2 scoring, demonstrating its effectiveness. This work establishes a potent segmentation pipeline that can be further leveraged to analyze HER2 expression in breast cancer tissue. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Deep learning HER2 HER2 scoring Histopathology Semantic segmentation

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OLSR+: A new routing method based on fuzzy logic in flying ad-hoc networks (FANETs)

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Vehicular Communications 2022年 36卷

作者： Rahmani, Amir Masoud Ali, Saqib Yousefpoor, Efat Yousefpoor, Mohammad Sadegh Javaheri, Danial Lalbakhsh, Pooia Hassan Ahmed, Omed Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Lee, Sang-Woong Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Al Khoudh Muscat Oman Department of Computer Engineering Dezful Branch Islamic Azad University Dezful Iran Department of Computer Engineering Chosun University Gwangju 61452 South Korea Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Clayton 3800 VIC Australia Department of Information Technology University of Human Development Sulaymaniyah Iraq Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Gachon University 1342 Seongnamdaero Sujeonggu Seongnam 13120 South Korea

Flying ad-hoc networks (FANETs) have many applications in military, industrial and agricultural areas. Due to specific features of FANETs, such as high-speed nodes, low density of nodes in the network, and rapid changes in the topology, most routing protocols designed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) or vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are not compatible with FANETs. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic-based routing approach called OLSR+ for FANETs. In this scheme, we seek to improve the optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR) so that it can efficiently be used in FANETs. OLSR+ includes four main phases: 1) Discovering neighboring nodes. In this phase, we propose a new and efficient technique for estimating the lifetime of the link between two unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs) based on the link quality, distance, relative velocity, and movement direction. 2) Selecting multipoint relays (MPRs). In this phase, we present a fuzzy mechanism for selecting a set of MPR nodes. According to this mechanism, when a node has higher residual energy, higher link lifetime, and more neighborhood degree compared to others, it achieves more fitness to be selected as MPR. 3) Discovering the network topology. In this phase, we modify the format of the topology control (TC) message and add two fields, including route energy and route lifetime to this message. 4) Calculating the routing table. In OLSR+, we consider two parameters, including route energy and route lifetime, for establishing stable paths. Finally, we simulate OLSR+ using NS3 and compare its performance with two methods, namely greedy optimized link state routing (G-OLSR) and optimized link state routing (OLSR). The simulation results show that OLSR+ successfully reduces delay compared to G-OLSR and OLSR. In addition, it has higher packet delivery rate and throughput than others. Also, it improves energy consumption in the network. However, OLSR+ has more routing overhead than G-OLSR. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) Fuzzy logic Routing Unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs)

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Segmentation of shoulder muscle MRI using a new Region and Edge based Deep Auto-Encoder

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Khan, Saddam Hussain Khan, Asifullah Lee, Yeon Soo Hassan, Mehdi Jeong, Woong Kyo Pattern Recognition Lab Department of Computer & Information Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Center for Mathematical Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Nilore Islamabad45650 Pakistan Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medical Science Catholic University of Daegu South Korea Medical Teaching Institute Peshawar Pakistan Department of Computer Science Air University Islamabad Pakistan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of

Automatic segmentation of shoulder muscle MRI is challenging due to the high variation in muscle size, shape, texture, and spatial position of tears. Manual segmentation of tear and muscle portion is hard, time-consuming, and subjective to pathological expertise. This work proposes a new Region and Edge-based Deep Auto-Encoder (RE-DAE) for shoulder muscle MRI segmentation. The proposed RE-DAE harmoniously employs average and max-pooling operation in the encoder and decoder blocks of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Region-based segmentation incorporated in the Deep Auto-Encoder (DAE) encourages the network to extract smooth and homogenous regions. In contrast, edge-based segmentation tries to learn the boundary and anatomical information. These two concepts, systematically combined in a DAE, generate a discriminative and sparse hybrid feature space (exploiting both region homogeneity and boundaries). Moreover, the concept of static attention is exploited in the proposed RE-DAE that helps in effectively learning the tear region. The performances of the proposed MRI segmentation based DAE architectures have been tested using a 3D MRI shoulder muscle dataset using the hold-out cross-validation technique. The MRI data has been collected from the Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. Experimental comparisons have been conducted by employing innovative custom-made and existing pre-trained CNN architectures both using transfer learning and fine-tuning. Objective evaluation on the muscle datasets using the proposed SA-RE-DAE showed a dice similarity of 85.58% and 87.07%, an accuracy of 81.57% and 95.58% for tear and muscle regions, respectively. The high visual quality and the objective result suggest that the proposed SA-RE-DAE is able to correctly segment tear and muscle regions in shoulder muscle MRI for better clinical decisions. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Muscle

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A new convolutional neural network based on a saprse convolutional layer for animal face detection

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Jarraya, Islem BenSaid, Fatma Ouarda, Wael Pal, Umapada Alimi, Adel M. BP 1173 Sfax3038 Tunisia Digital Research Center of Sfax B.P. 275 Sakiet Ezzit Sfax3021 Tunisia Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit Indian Statistical Institute 203 B.T. Road Kolkata700 108 India Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment University of Johannesburg South Africa

This paper focuses on the face detection problem of three popular animal categories that need control such as horses, cats and dogs. To be precise, a new Convolutional Neural Network for Animal Face Detection (CNNAFD) is actually investigated using processed filters based on gradient features and applied with a new way. A new convolutional layer is proposed through a sparse feature selection method known as Automated Negotiation-based Online Feature Selection (ANOFS). CNNAFD ends by stacked fully connected layers which represent a strong classifier. The fusion of CNNAFD and MobileNetV2 constructs the new network CNNAFD-MobileNetV2 which improves the classification results and gives better detection decisions. Our work also introduces a new Tunisian Horse Detection Database (THDD). The proposed detector with the new CNNAFDMobileNetV2 network achieved an average precision equal to 99.78%, 99% and 98.28% for cats, dogs and horses respectively. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Animals

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A fire hawk optimizer-based energy-efficient clustering scheme in underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs)

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Ad Hoc Networks 2025年 176卷

作者： Lee, Sang-Woong Alhussein, Musaed Aurangzeb, Khursheed Yousefpoor, Mohammad Sadegh Yousefpoor, Efat Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab School of Computing Gachon University Seongnam13120 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University P.O. Box 51178 Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Center of Research and Strategic Studies Lebanese French University Kurdistan Region Iraq School of Computer Science Duy Tan University Da Nang Viet Nam Jadara Research Center Jadara University Irbid21110 Jordan

An underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) is suitable for gathering data from aquatic environments, including lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans. This network faces several issues due to the distinct features of underwater environments and the limitations of acoustic channels. These challenges include energy limitations, unreliable communication links, and dynamic network topologies. Additionally, the difficulty of recharging or replacing batteries in underwater conditions makes energy optimization essential for prolonging the network lifespan. Currently, many energy-efficient approaches in UASNs emphasize node clustering and multi-hop communication, but most of these methods rely on distributed algorithms. This paper introduces a novel energy-efficient clustering framework called FHOEEC (Fire Hawk Optimization-based Energy-Efficient Clustering), which integrates both distributed and centralized strategies. The clustering process is divided into three stages: (1) cluster formation, (2) selection of cluster heads, and (3) cluster maintenance. During the periodic neighbor discovery phase, FHOEEC examines two key aspects: the format of the hello packet and its propagation process. FHOEEC aims to create an energy-efficient, cluster-based network structure. To achieve this, the sink node utilizes the fire hawk optimization (FHO) algorithm to decide on the optimal range and number of clusters. To establish these clusters, a fitness function considers a weighted combination of three sub-functions: intra-cluster and inter-cluster distances, the proportion of isolated clusters compared to others, and cluster density. In the final stage, intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication paths are established by focusing on energy balance. This ensures that nodes with energy levels below a specified threshold are excluded from serving as intermediate nodes. Simulation results and performance evaluations show that FHOEEC outperforms three existing clustering methods–CCCS, GTC, and

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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