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Corrigendum to “Designing an innovative 2D/2D step scheme α-Fe 2 O 3 /BiOBr/MoS 2 ternary integrated heterojunction with unparalleled visible-light-induced remarkable photocatalytic H 2 evolution” [Int. J. 99 (2025) 112–122]

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 128卷 171-173页

作者： Rabia Nawaz Muhammad Saad Ali Bahadur Shahid Iqbal Sajid Mahmood Ammar Zidan Muhammad Shuaib Khan Rabia Liaquat Manzar Sohail Mohammed T. Alotaibi Department of Chemistry School of Natural Sciences (SNS) National University of Science and Technology (NUST) H-12 Islamabad 46000 Pakistan Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid Electronics Silesian University of Technology Konarskiego 22B 44-100 Gliwice Poland Joint Doctoral School Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A 44-100 Gliwice Poland Nanomaterials Research Center Department of Chemistry College of Science Mathematics and Technology Wenzhou-Kean University Wenzhou 325060 Zhejiang Province China Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science Mathematics and Technology Kean University 1000 Morris Ave Union NJ 07083 USA Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo 315100 China Functional Materials Group Gulf University for Science and Technology Mishref 32093 Kuwait Biomedical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Technologies Al-Mustaqbal University 51001 Babylon Iraq National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Hybrid Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China Energy Systems Engineering Department U.S-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Chemistry Turabah University College Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia

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A swin transformer and CNN fusion framework for accurate Parkinson disease classification in MRI

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Hussain, Sayyed Shahid Shah, Pir Masoom Dawood, Hussain Degang, Xu Alshamayleh, Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Adnan Ghazal, Taher M. School of Automation Central South University Changsha 410083 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410010 China Department of Computer Science Bacha Khan University Charsadda Pakistan School of Computing Skyline University College Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Department of Software Faculty of Artificial Intelligence and Software Gachon University Seongnam-si 13120 South Korea Riphah School of Computing and Innovation Riphah International University Lahore Campus Lahore 54000 Pakistan Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura 140401 India Networks and Cybersecurity Department Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan

Parkinson’s disease ranks as the second most prevalent neurological disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively employed in Parkinson’s disease (PD) detection using MR images. However, CNN models generally focus on local features while prone to capture global representations. On the other hand, the vision transformer (ViT) excels at capturing global features through its self-attention mechanism, but it compromises local feature representations. Additionally, the varying magnitude of MR data poses a challenge for ViT, potentially leading to the gradient vanishing problem. To address these limitations, this paper proposed a novel framework that combines the Swin-Transformer and CNN to capture both local and global features effectively. To mitigate the gradient vanishing issue in ViT, we used skipped connections and cosine attention mechanism in VIT that preserves the output distribution regardless of input magnitude variations. The proposed model comprises three primary blocks: Transformer-block, convolutional block, and dense-block. The input image is processed concurrently by the cosine transformer and convolutional block. Subsequently, the extracted features from both blocks are concatenated and fed to the dense block for decision-making. The proposed model achieved promesing results of 96%, 97%, 95%, and 95% in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve, respectively. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： CNN Cosine similarity MRI Parkinson’s disease Swin-transformer

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On generalized fractal-fractional derivative and integral operators associated with generalized Mittag-Leffler function

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Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42144页

作者： Khan, Hira Rahman, Gauhar Samraiz, Muhammad Shah, Kamal Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara University Mansehra 21300 Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha P.O. Box 40100 Sargodha Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Department of Medical Research China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics School of Science and Technology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Ga-Rankuwa South Africa Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait

In recent years, the Atangana-Baleanu (AB) fractal-fractional derivatives are widely used in many fields. In 2017, Atangana defined such operators by utilizing one parameter Mittag-Leffler function (M-L) function. Such operators have not yet been studied for three parameters M-L function. In this paper, we discuss further modifications of Caputo Fabrizio (CF), AB and generalized Hattaf fractal-fractional (GHF) operators. We used the modified three parameters M-L function to define the generalized fractal-fractional (GFF) differential and integral operators. We study an innovative class of new generalized weighted differential and integral operators. We define the generalized fractal-fractional (GFF) differential and integral operators with generalized Mittag-Leffler (M-L) kernels, which are used to simulate the complex dynamics of several natural and physical phenomena in a variety of scientific and engineering domains. There are a few established features of the newly defined operators. An example of an application for this new class of GFF integral is presented. Also, we discussed the graphical comparison of this new GFF operator with the existing GHF, AB and CF derivatives. Our case is the more general case compared with the existing fractal-fractional operators. We have presented some novel results for the new operators both analytically and graphically. Also, we discussed some special cases by giving specific value to the parameter θ. All the classical operators are restored by applying certain conditions on parameters. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： AB operators CF operators Fractal fractional derivatives Fractal fractional integrals Fractional derivative Fractional integral GHF operators Laplace transform Mittag-Leffler function

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Visual object tracking- classical and contemporary approaches

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Frontiers of Computer science 2016年第1期10卷 167-188页

作者： Ahmad ALI Abdul JALIL Jianwei NIU Xiaoke ZHAO Saima RATHORE Javed AHMED Muhammad AKSAM IFTIKHAR Department of Computer and Information Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Islamabad 44000 Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Department of Electrical (Telecom) Engineering NUST Military College of Signals Islamabad 44000 Pakistan COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Lahore 54000 Pakistan

Visual object tracking （VOT） is an important sub- field of computer vision. It has widespread application do- mains, and has been considered as an important part of surveillance and security system. VOA facilitates finding the position of target in image coordinates of video frames. While doing this, VOA also faces many challenges such as noise, clutter, occlusion, rapid change in object appearances, highly maneuvered （complex） object motion, illumination changes. In recent years, VOT has made significant progress due to availability of low-cost high-quality video cameras as well as fast computational resources, and many modern techniques have been proposed to handle the challenges faced by VOT. This article introduces the readers to 1） VOT and its applica- tions in other domains, 2） different issues which arise in it, 3） various classical as well as contemporary approaches for object tracking, 4） evaluation methodologies for VOT, and 5） online resources, i.e., annotated datasets and source code available for various tracking techniques.

关键词： visual object tracking computer vision imageprocessing point tracking kernel tracking silhouette track-ing

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On some integral inequalities of Grüss type involving the generalized fractional Saigo k-integral operator

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Heliyon 2025年第2期11卷 e41702页

作者： Abbas, Akhtar Mubeen, Shahid Khan, Aziz Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha Sargodha 40162 Pakistan Department of Mathematics Baba Guru Nanak University Nankana Sahib Pakistan Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Department of Mathematics and Science Prince Sultan University P.O. Box 66833 Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait Department of Medical Research China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University South Africa

Using the generalized Saigo fractional integral operator, the authors of this study prove several novel fractional integral inequalities of the Grüss type. By fixing the values of functions, specific situations derived from previously established findings are shown. The ultimate purpose of this work is to investigate the Grüss-type integral inequalities with the Saigo k-integral operator, a more generalized integral operator. We also elaborate on a few more outcomes and specific instances of the primary findings. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Generalized hypergeometric function Grüss integral inequalities Saigo's k-fractional integral operator

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Web Server Attack Detection using Machine Learning 1

Web Server Attack Detection using Machine Learning

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1st Annual International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security, ICCWS 2020

作者： Saleem, Saima Sheeraz, Muhammad Hanif, Muhammad Farooq, Umar Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Department of Computer and Information Science Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728168401

Today, every single organization is utilizing web applications for extension of its business as a result of the high accessibility of web and simple access. With the expansion of web use, the danger of attacks has increased likewise. An efficient monitoring software which can detect these attacks timely is required. HTML, PHP and Java script are used for websites development and SQL is used for database management extensively. Most common web server attacks include SQL injection, DOS (Denial of Service) and XSS (Cross Site Scripting). Rule based intrusion detection systems work on keywords and patterns and are unable to detect unknown attacks. This paper proposes machine learning based model for intrusion detection using web server logs. This model detects whether a specific log is normal or an attack log and also specifies the type of attack. Web server logs are generated and collected by creating a private network using an Apache WAMP server. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Denial-of-service attack

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Evaluation of potential of uncoated mesoporous silica particles for drug delivery applications 16th

Evaluation of potential of uncoated mesoporous silica partic...

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16th International Symposium on Advanced Materials, ISAM 2019

作者： Tayyab, Ali Khan Syed, Mujtaba Ul Hassan Hassan, Waqas Jamil, Ahmad Ahmat, Khurshid Mazhar, Mehmood Hafiz, Muhammad Bin Ahmed Sumaira, Naz Materials Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783035735895

The drug loading capability and inherent cytotoxicity of mesoporous silica particles are two prime considerations for targeted drug delivery applications. In current study, uncoated mesoporous silica (UMS) carrier particles were synthesized by sol-gel emulsion approach. The morphology and structure of UMS was thoroughly characterized using atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements reveal that mono dispersed silica particles have an average size of 250 nm with narrow size distribution. The pore size was measured as 47 nm. Concentration dependent biocompatibility of UMS was evaluated using MTT assay with Hep-2c cancer cell line and cell viability of ~ 65 % at concentrations of 7.5 nM was observed. Finally, the drug loading capability of UMS carrier was studied using ibuprofen as a model drug. © 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Targeted drug delivery

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Structural investigations of CaTiO3 and CaTi 0.99Nb0.01O3 ceramics

Structural investigations of CaTiO3 and CaTi 0.99Nb0.01O3 ce...

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12th International Meeting on Ferroelectricity, IMF-12 and the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics, ISAF-18

作者： Shahzad, K. Khan, M. Nasir Shabbir, G. Anwarul-Haq, M. Mehmood, M. Bashir, J. Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Nilore Islamabad Pakistan Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad 45650 Pakistan

Crystal structure refinement of CaTiO3 and CaTi 0.99Nb0.01O3 ceramics data measured by synchrotron x-ray diffraction technique revealed orthorhombic (Pbnm) perovskite symmetry for both the ceramics. TiO6 octahedra exhibited slight distortions from the ideal cubic perovskite symmetry that was attributed to the size ratios of the two types of cations occupying A- and B-sites. Copyright © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Perovskite

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Retraction notice to "Enhanced electrochemical performance with exceptional capacitive retention in Ce-Co MOFs/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite for advanced supercapacitor applications" [Heliyon 10 (2024) e36540]

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Heliyon 2025年第6期11卷 e43160页

作者： Rabia Siddiqui Malika Rani Aqeel Ahmed Shah Sadaf Siddique Akram Ibrahim Department of Physics The Women University Multan 66000 Pakistan. Wet Chemistry Laboratory Department of Metallurgical Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi 75270 Pakistan. Department of Chemistry Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) 45650 Islamabad Pakistan. Department of Physics College of Science King Khalid University Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/***.2024.e36540.].

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Numerical solution of two dimensional time-fractional telegraph equation using Chebyshev spectral collocation method

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Partial Differential Equations in applied Mathematics 2025年 13卷

作者： Kamran Ali Shah, Farman Shah, Kamal Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics Islamia College Peshawar Peshawar Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa 25120 Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University P.O. Box 66833 Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai Tamil Nadu 602105 India Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics School of Science and Technology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Ga-Rankuwa South Africa

The 2D telegraph equation has numerous applications, such as signal processing, diffusion of biological species, and modeling wave propagation in electrical transmission lines. In this article, we present an efficient numerical scheme for solving the 2D time-fractional telegraph equation using a hybrid approach coupling the Laplace transform (LT) with the spectral collocation method based on Chebyshev nodes (ChSCM). The inclusion of the Caputo derivative in the classical telegraph equation provides a more accurate model for representing anomalous diffusion and wave propagation in heterogeneous media. The LT is employed to handle the time variable, transforming the considered equation into a system of spatial equations. These are then efficiently solved using the ChSCM. In the final step of our suggested approach, the numerical inversion of LT is performed to recover the solution in the time domain. This hybrid approach results in an efficient and robust numerical method. The convergence, accuracy, and stability of the method are verified using numerical examples. The acquired results show the potential of this numerical scheme for approximating the 2D time-fractional partial differential equations. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Caputo derivative Laplace transform Modified Talbot's method Spectral method Telegraph equation

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