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arXiv 2024年

作者： Haldar, Stav Barge, Pratik J. Cheng, Xiang Chang, Kai-Chi Kirby, Brian T. Khatri, Sumeet Wong, Chee Wei Lee, Hwang Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States Fang Lu Mesoscopic Optics and Quantum Electronics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi MD20783 United States Tulane University New OrleansLA70118 United States Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany

Future quantum networks will have nodes equipped with multiple quantum memories, allowing for multiplexing and entanglement distillation strategies in order to increase fidelities and reduce waiting times for end-to-end entanglement distribution. In this work, we introduce quasi-local policies for multiplexed quantum repeater chains. In fully-local policies, nodes make decisions based only on knowledge of their own states. In our quasi-local policies, nodes have increased knowledge of the state of the repeater chain, but not necessarily full, global knowledge. Our policies exploit the observation that for most decisions the nodes have to make, they only need to have information about the connected region of the chain they belong to, and not the entire chain. In this way, we not only obtain improved performance over local policies, but we reduce the classical communication (CC) costs inherent to global-knowledge policies. Our policies also outperform the well-known and widely studied nested purification and doubling swapping policy in practically relevant parameter regimes. We also carefully examine the role of entanglement distillation. Via analytical and numerical results, we identify the parameter regimes in which distillation makes sense and is useful. In these regimes, we also address the question: "Should we distill before swapping, or vice versa?" Finally, to provide further practical guidance, we propose an experimental implementation of a multiplexing-based repeater chain, and experimentally demonstrate the key element, a high-dimensional biphoton frequency comb. We then evaluate the anticipated performance of our multiplexing-based policies in such a real-world network through simulation results for two concrete memory platforms, namely rare-earth ions and diamond vacancies. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Distillation

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EEG-GNN: Graph neural networks for classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Demir, Andac Koike-Akino, Toshiaki Wang, Ye Haruna, Masaki Erdogmus, Deniz Cognitive Systems Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States CambridgeMA02139 United States Hyogo Amagasaki Japan

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been frequently used to extract subject-invariant features from electroencephalogram (EEG) for classification tasks. This approach holds the underlying assumption that electrodes are equidistant analogous to pixels of an image and hence fails to explore/exploit the complex functional neural connectivity between different electrode sites. We overcome this limitation by tailoring the concepts of convolution and pooling applied to 2D grid-like inputs for the functional network of electrode sites. Furthermore, we develop various graph neural network (GNN) models that project electrodes onto the nodes of a graph, where the node features are represented as EEG channel samples collected over a trial, and nodes can be connected by weighted/unweighted edges according to a flexible policy formulated by a neuroscientist. The empirical evaluations show that our proposed GNN-based framework outperforms standard CNN classifiers across ErrP, and RSVP datasets, as well as allowing neuroscientific interpretability and explainability to deep learning methods tailored to EEG related classification problems. Another practical advantage of our GNN-based framework is that it can be used in EEG channel selection, which is critical for reducing computational cost, and designing portable EEG headsets. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Zero-Forcing Based Downlink Virtual MIMO-NOMA Communications in IoT Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Shi, Zheng Wang, Hong Fu, Yaru Yang, Guanghua Ma, Shaodan Hou, Fen Tsiftsis, Theodoros A. Institute of Physical Internet The School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China The School of Communication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Department of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China

To support massive connectivity and boost spectral efficiency for internet of things (IoT), a downlink scheme combining virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is proposed. All the single-antenna IoT devices in each cluster cooperate with each other to establish a virtual MIMO entity, and multiple independent data streams are requested by each cluster. NOMA is employed to superimpose all the requested data streams, and each cluster leverages zero-forcing detection to de-multiplex the input data streams. Only statistical channel state information (CSI) is available at base station to avoid the waste of the energy and bandwidth on frequent CSI estimations. The outage probability and goodput of the virtual MIMO-NOMA system are thoroughly investigated by considering Kronecker model, which embraces both the transmit and receive correlations. Furthermore, the asymptotic results facilitate not only the exploration of physical insights but also the goodput maximization. In particular, the asymptotic outage expressions provide quantitative impacts of various system parameters and enable the investigation of diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT). Moreover, power allocation coefficients and/or transmission rates can be properly chosen to achieve the maximal goodput. By favor of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions, the goodput maximization problems can be solved in closed-form, with which the joint power and rate selection is realized by using alternately iterating optimization. Besides, the optimization algorithms tend to allocate more power to clusters under unfavorable channel conditions and support clusters with higher transmission rate under benign channel conditions. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Internet of things

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Application of Deep Artificial Neural Network to Model Characteristic Fluctuation of Multi-Channel Gate-All-Around Silicon Nanosheet and Nanofin MOSFETs Induced by Random Nanosized Metal Grains

Application of Deep Artificial Neural Network to Model Chara...

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IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM)

作者： Sagarika Dash Yiming Li Wen-Li Sung Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Center for mm Wave Smart Radar System and Technologies National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

In this work, we propose a deep artificial neural network (D-ANN) to estimate the work function fluctuation (WKF) on 4-channel stacked gate-all-around (GAA) silicon (Si) nanosheet (NS) and nanofin (NF) MOSFET devices for the first time. The 2-layered simple deep model can well predict the transfer characteristics for both NS/NF FET with a large number of (128) input features, utilizing considerably lesser (1100 samples) data uniformly. The resultant model is evaluated by the $\mathrm{R}^{2}$ score and RMSE to witness its competency and the average error is $< 4\%$ . We do also discuss the circuit simulation possibility by applying the ANN approach.

关键词： Semiconductor device modeling MOSFET Gallium arsenide Artificial neural networks Predictive models Logic gates Silicon

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A survey on security and privacy issues of UAVs

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Mekdad, Yassine Aris, Ahmet Babun, Leonardo Fergougui, Abdeslam E.L. Conti, Mauro Lazzeretti, Riccardo Uluagac, A. Selcuk Laboratory of Computer Networks and Systems Moulay Ismail University of Meknes Zitoune Meknes11201 Morocco Cyber-Physical Systems Security Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University MiamiFL33174 United States Department of Mathematics University of Padua Padua35121 Italy Department of Computer Control and Management Engineering "Antonio Ruberti" Sapienza University of Rome Rome00185 Italy

In the 21st century, the industry of drones, also known as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), has witnessed a rapid increase with its large number of airspace users. The tremendous benefits of this technology in civilian applications such as hostage rescue and parcel delivery will integrate smart cities in the future. Nowadays, the affordability of commercial drones expands its usage at a large scale. However, the development of drone technology is associated with vulnerabilities and threats due to the lack of efficient security implementations. Moreover, the complexity of UAVs in software and hardware triggers potential security and privacy issues. Thus, posing significant challenges for the industry, academia, and governments. In this paper, we extensively survey the security and privacy issues of UAVs by providing a systematic classification at four levels: Hardware-level, Software-level, Communication-level, and Sensor-level. In particular, for each level, we thoroughly investigate (1) common vulnerabilities affecting UAVs for potential attacks from malicious actors, (2) existing threats that are jeopardizing the civilian application of UAVs, (3) active and passive attacks performed by the adversaries to compromise the security and privacy of UAVs, (4) possible countermeasures and mitigation techniques to protect UAVs from such malicious activities. In addition, we summarize the takeaways that highlight lessons learned about UAVs’ security and privacy issues. Finally, we conclude our survey by presenting the critical pitfalls and suggesting promising future research directions for security and privacy of UAVs. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Drones

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Effect of Cl substitution on the microstructure, dielectric and optical properties of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ ceramics

引用

Results in Physics 2025年 68卷

作者： Gouitaa, Najwa. Kumar, Sahil Ahjyaje, Fatima Zahra. Lamcharfi, Taj-dine. Benatia, Amina. Abarkan, Mustapha. Shandilya, Mamta Signals Systems and Components Laboratory (LSSC) Electrical Engineering Department University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah USMBA FST. Fez Imouzzer Road B.P. 2202 Morocco LSI Department of Mathematics Physics and Computer Science Polydisciplinary Faculty Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University B.P. 1223 Taza Morocco School of Physics and Materials Science Shoolini University Solan 173229 India

This study investigates the enhanced properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics by substituting oxygen anions with chlorine to form CaCu3Ti4O10Cl2 (CCTO-Cl2). The structural, morphological, optical, and dielectric char... 详细信息

This study investigates the enhanced properties of CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) ceramics by substituting oxygen anions with chlorine to form CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₀Cl₂ (CCTO-Cl₂). The structural, morphological, optical, and dielectric characteristics of CCTO-Cl₂ were systematically analyzed. Among the calcination temperatures studied, 900 °C emerged as the optimal condition, significantly enhancing all properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed phase formation and a reduction in lattice parameters due to Cl⁻ substitution and thermal treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed substantial grain growth and densification, contributing to improved material density. Optical analysis showed a redshift in absorption peaks, and the band gap energy reduced to 1.68 eV, attributed to enhanced crystallinity and phase transformations. Dielectric measurements at 900 °C demonstrated a colossal dielectric constant of 3.259 × 10⁴ and a reduced dielectric loss of 0.17, indicating exceptional energy storage potential. These findings underscore the effectiveness of Cl⁻ substitution and calcination at 900 °C in optimizing CCTO-Cl₂ ceramics for advanced dielectric and electronic applications. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics Dielectric Doping Impedance Optical

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Hexcitons and oxcitons in monolayer WSe2

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tuan, Dinh Van Shi, Su-Fei Xu, Xiaodong Crooker, Scott A. Dery, Hanan Department Of Electrical And Computer Engineering University Of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Department Of Chemical And Biological Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department Of Electrical Computer And Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Department Of Physics University Of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department Of Materials Science And Engineering University Of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department Of Physics And Astronomy University Of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States

In the archetypal monolayer semiconductor WSe2, the distinct ordering of spin-polarized valleys (low-energy pockets) in the conduction band allows for studies of not only simple neutral excitons and charged excitons (i.e., trions), but also more complex many-body states that are predicted at higher electron densities. We discuss magneto-optical measurements of electron-rich WSe2monolayers, and interpret the spectral lines that emerge at high electron doping as optical transitions of 6-body exciton states ("hexcitons") and 8-body exciton states ("oxcitons"). These many-body states emerge when a photoexcited electron-hole pair interacts simultaneously with multiple Fermi seas, each having distinguishable spin and valley quantum numbers. In addition, we identify the energies of primary and satellite optical transitions of hexcitons in the photoluminescence spectrum. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monolayers

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Spectroscopic detection of pigments in tissues: correlation with tissue aging and cancer development

Spectroscopic detection of pigments in tissues: correlation ...

引用

2022 International Conference Laser Optics, ICLO 2022

作者： Oliveira, L.M. Goncalves, T.M. Botelho, A.R. Martins, I.S. Silva, H.F. Carneiro, I. Carvalho, S. Henrique, R. Tuchin, V.V. Porto Portugal Center of Innovation in Engineering and Industrial Technology Isep Porto Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Porto University-School of Engineering Porto Portugal Department of Pathology and Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto Porto Portugal Porto Portugal Viana do Castelo Portugal Dept. of Pathol. and Molecular Immunology Porto University-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar Porto Portugal Science Medical Center Saratov State University Saratov Russia Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning National Research Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia Laboratory of Laser Diagnostics of Technical and Living Systems Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control Frc-Saratov Scientific Centre-of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saratov Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466646

The direct calculation of the absorption coefficient spectra of various tissues from spectral measurements allowed to retrieve the contents of melanin and lipofuscin. In the rabbit brain cortex, 1.8 times higher melanin content is explained by the neuron degeneration process. Similar melanin and lipofuscin contents were found in the rabbit pancreas as a result of the tissue aging process. The conversion of 83 % of the melanin in the human normal kidney into lipofuscin in the cancer kidney indicates that lipofuscin can be considered a kidney cancer marker in humans. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Tissue

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Ensemble diverse hypotheses and knowledge distillation for unsupervised cross-subject adaptation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Kuangen Chen, Jiahong Wang, Jing Chen, Xinxing Leng, Yuquan de Silva, Clarence W. Fu, Chenglong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of British Columbia VancouverBC Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia VancouverBC Canada

Recognizing human locomotion intent and activities is important for controlling the wearable robots while walking in complex environments. However, human-robot interface signals are usually user-dependent, which causes that the classifier trained on source subjects performs poorly on new subjects. To address this issue, this paper designs the ensemble diverse hypotheses and knowledge distillation (EDHKD) method to realize unsupervised cross-subject adaptation. EDH mitigates the divergence between labeled data of source subjects and unlabeled data of target subjects to accurately classify the locomotion modes of target subjects without labeling data. Compared to previous domain adaptation methods based on the single learner, which may only learn a subset of features from input signals, EDH can learn di- Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robots

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Towards low propagation losses in active photonic multi-project wafer runs

Towards low propagation losses in active photonic multi-proj...

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Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics, IPR 2021 - Part of OSA Advanced Photonics Congress 2021

作者： Carpenter, Lewis G. van Niekerk, Matthew Begović, Amir Sundaram, Vijay S.S. Deenadayalan, Venkatesh Palone, Thomas Fanto, Michael Preble, Stefan Baiocco, Christopher Leake, Gerald L. Fahrenkopf, Nicholas M. Harame, David L. The Research Foundation for State University of New York State University of New York Polytechnic Institute AlbanyNY12203 United States Microsystems Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Air Force Research Laboratory RomeNY13441 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

AIM Photonics has had an active multi-project wafer (MPW) program since 2015 and in our latest work we will present our new integration aimed at the reduction of waveguide propagation losses. Often low losses are prioritized for passive MPWs runs but for key application spaces such as Telecommunications and Quantum Technology, it is imperative to incorporate both low-loss waveguides and active devices on a single die. Within this work we have demonstrated a loss of 1.0 dB/cm in Si strip waveguides and 0.48 dB/cm in SiN waveguides, a reduction of 0.4-3.5 dB/cm and 1-1.5 dB/cm, respectively, when compared to other MPW foundries. © OSA 2021.

关键词： Silicon nitride

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