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Silicon photonics for high-capacity data communications

Photonics Research 2022年第9期10卷 I0002-I0030页

作者： YAOCHENG SHI YONG ZHANG YATING WAN YU YU YUGUANG ZHANG XIAO HU XI XIAO HONGNAN XU LONG ZHANG BINGCHENG PAN Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical InstrumentationCollege of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Energy Efficiency University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics&School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China National Information Optoelectronics Innovation Center China Information and Communication Technologies Group Corporation(CICT)Wuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Technologies and Networks China Information and Communication Technologies Group Corporation(CICT)Wuhan 430074China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

In recent years,optical modulators,photodetectors,(de)multiplexers,and heterogeneously integrated lasers based on silicon optical platforms have been *** performance of some devices even surpasses the traditional III-V and photonic integrated circuit(PIC)platforms,laying the foundation for large-scale photonic *** photonic technology can overcome the limitations of traditional transceiver technology in high-speed transmission networks to support faster interconnection between data *** this article,we will review recent progress for silicon *** first part gives an overview of recent achievements in silicon *** second part introduces the silicon photonic building blocks,including low-loss waveguides,passive devices,modulators,photodetectors,heterogeneously integrated lasers,and so *** the third part,the recent progress on high-capacity silicon photonic transceivers is *** the fourth part,we give a review of high-capacity silicon photonic networks on chip.

关键词： interconnection passive networks

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A General Framework for Probabilistic Relay Selection in Asymmetric Buffer-Aided Cooperative Relaying systems

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2025年

作者： Xu, Peng Luo, Chenghong Huang, Chong Chen, Gaojie He, Yuanzhi Li, Yong Wong, Kai-Kit Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Communications and Information Engineering Chongqing400065 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology Chongqing400065 China 5GIC & 6GIC University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom Guangdong Shenzhen518107 China University of Surrey 5GIC & 6GIC United Kingdom PLA Institute of Systems Engineering Academy of Military Science Beijing100141 China Chongqing University College of Computer Science Chongqing400044 China University College London Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering LondonWC1E 7JE United Kingdom

This paper presents a general framework for probabilistic relay selection (RS) in asymmetric buffer-aided cooperative relaying systems, which caters to scenarios with both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) during the RS process. The framework extends and generalizes many existing buffer-aided RS schemes. In particular, we introduce an auxiliary stochastic process which assigns varying selection probabilities to different links, considering the dynamic wireless channel and buffer states. Subsequently, we leverage the obtained outage probability and average packet delay (APD) to formulate outage optimization problems while adhering to APD. To address the intricate high-dimensional optimization problems, we employ a deep learning (DL) approach, which involves designing probability mass functions for the auxiliary stochastic process and developing an effective loss function to update the neural network. Simulation results unequivocally demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed DL-based probabilistic RS scheme compared to benchmark schemes, particularly in scenarios involving imperfect CSI. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Covariance-Based Activity Detection in Cooperative Multi-Cell Massive MIMO: Scaling Law and Efficient Algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Ziyue Liu, Ya-Feng Wang, Zhaorui Yu, Wei The State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G4 Canada

This paper focuses on the covariance-based activity detection problem in a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In this system, active devices transmit their signature sequences to multiple base stations (BSs), and the BSs cooperatively detect the active devices based on the received signals. While the scaling law for the covariance-based activity detection in the single-cell scenario has been extensively analyzed in the literature, this paper aims to analyze the scaling law for the covariance-based activity detection in the multi-cell massive MIMO system. Specifically, this paper demonstrates a quadratic scaling law in the multi-cell system, under the assumption that the path-loss exponent of the fading channel γ > 2. This finding shows that, in the multi-cell massive MIMO system, the maximum number of active devices that can be correctly detected in each cell increases quadratically with the length of the signature sequence and decreases logarithmically with the number of cells (as the number of antennas tends to infinity). Moreover, in addition to analyzing the scaling law for the signature sequences randomly and uniformly distributed on a sphere, the paper also establishes the scaling law for signature sequences based on a finite alphabet, which are easier to generate and store. Finally, this paper proposes two efficient accelerated coordinate descent (CD) algorithms with a convergence guarantee for solving the device activity detection problem. The first algorithm reduces the complexity of CD by using an inexact coordinate update strategy. The second algorithm avoids unnecessary computations of CD by using an active set selection strategy. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms exhibit excellent performance in terms of computational efficiency and detection error probability. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fading channels

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Explainable Verbal Deception Detection using Transformers

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ilias, Loukas Soldner, Felix Kleinberg, Bennett Decision Support Systems Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens15780 Greece GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Science Köln Germany Department of Security and Crime Science Dawes Centre for Future Crime University College London United Kingdom Department of Methodology and Statistics Tilburg University Netherlands

People are regularly confronted with potentially deceptive statements (e.g., fake news, misleading product reviews, or lies about activities). Only few works on automated text-based deception detection have exploited the potential of deep learning approaches. A critique of deep-learning methods is their lack of interpretability, preventing us from understanding the underlying (linguistic) mechanisms involved in deception. However, recent advancements have made it possible to explain some aspects of such models. This paper proposes and evaluates six deep-learning models, including combinations of BERT (and RoBERTa), MultiHead Attention, co-attentions, and transformers. To understand how the models reach their decisions, we then examine the model’s predictions with LIME. We then zoom in on vocabulary uniqueness and the correlation of LIWC categories with the outcome class (truthful vs deceptive). The findings suggest that our transformer-based models can enhance automated deception detection performances (+2.11% in accuracy) and show significant differences pertinent to the usage of LIWC features in truthful and deceptive statements. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Lime

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State Transformation Combined Adaptive Robust Control for Motor Driven Joint with State Constraints and Input Saturation

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Procedia computer Science 2022年 209卷 1-11页

作者： Jinna Fu Fanghao Huang Shiqiang Zhu Zheng Chen Jason Gu Ocean College Zhejiang University Zhoushan 316021 China Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University Sanya 572025 China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311100 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University Halifax NS B3H 4R2 Canada

The control problem of the motor driven joint system under the state and input constraints is discussed in this paper. Firstly, a state transform function is introduced to transfer the state-constrained motor driven joint system to a transformed system, which no longer has the state constraints. Secondly, an adaptive robust control (ARC) with the specified performance bounds is proposed for this transformed system, where the ARC algorithm combined with an auxiliary variable are used to ensure the semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded of all the closed-loop signals, and a time-varying barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is designed to constrain all the tracking errors within the specified performance bounds. Thirdly, the above results are extended to the motor driven joint system. Namely, the boundedness of the states in the transformed system are converted into the satisfaction of the state constraints in the motor driven joint system, and the fast transient response and high steady-state tracking accuracy can be achieved by designing the appropriate specified performance bounds in the time-varying BLF. Finally, a simulation is carried out, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： State constraints input saturation state transformation

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ON-OFF Neuromorphic ISING Machines using Fowler-Nordheim Annealers

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Zihao Xiao, Zhili Akl, Mahmoud Leugring, Johannes Olajide, Omowuyi Malik, Adil Dennler, Nik Harper, Chad Bose, Subhankar Gonzalez, Hector A. Eshraghian, Jason Pignari, Riccardo Urgese, Gianvito Andreou, Andreas G. Shankar, Sadasivan Mayr, Christian Cauwenberghs, Gert Chakrabartty, Shantanu Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis One Brookings Drive St. LouisMO63130 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States SpiNNcloud Systems GmbH Freibergerstr. 37 Dresden01067 Germany Department of Electrical and computer engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles Street BaltimoreMD21218 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London Exhibition Rd LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom International Centre for Neuromorphic Engineering Western Sydney University Penrith Second Ave KingswoodNSW2747 Australia Department of Physics University of California Berkeley University Avenue and Oxford St BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95064 United States Politecnico di Torino Address: Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10129 Italy Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley University Avenue and Oxford St BerkeleyCA94720 United States Biocomputation Group University of Hertfordshire Exhibition Rd LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University 450 Jane Stanford Way StanfordCA94305 United States Highly-Parallel VLSI-Systems and Neuro-Microelectronics Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 12 Dresden01069 Germany Scads.AI: Center for scalable data analytics and artificial intelligence Strehlener Street 12 14 Dresden01069 Germany

We introduce NeuroSA, a neuromorphic architecture specifically designed to ensure asymptotic convergence to the ground state of an Ising problem using an annealing process that is governed by the physics of quantum mechanical tunneling using Fowler-Nordheim (FN). The core component of NeuroSA consists of a pair of asynchronous ON-OFF neurons, which effectively map classical simulated annealing (SA) dynamics onto a network of integrate-and-fire (IF) neurons. The threshold of each ON-OFF neuron pair is adaptively adjusted by an FN annealer which replicates the optimal escape mechanism and convergence of SA, particularly at low temperatures. To validate the effectiveness of our neuromorphic Ising machine, we systematically solved various benchmark MAX-CUT combinatorial optimization problems. Across multiple runs, NeuroSA consistently generates solutions that approach the state-of-the-art level with high accuracy (greater than 99%), and without any graph-specific hyperparameter tuning. For practical illustration, we present results from an implementation of NeuroSA on the SpiNNaker2 platform, highlighting the feasibility of mapping our proposed architecture onto a standard neuromorphic accelerator platform. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Simulated annealing

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Ultrastrong Light-Matter Coupling in 2D Metal- Chalcogenates

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Anantharaman, Surendra B. Lynch, Jason Aleksich, Mariya Stevens, Christopher E. Munley, Christopher Choi, Bongjun Shenoy, Sridhar Darlington, Thomas Majumdar, Arka Shuck, P. James Hendrickson, Joshua Hohman, J. Nathan Jariwala, Deep Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Institute of Materials Science University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States Department of Chemistry University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors Directorate Wright-Patterson Air Force Base OH45433 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Hybridization of excitons with photons to form hybrid quasiparticles, exciton-polaritons (EPs), has been widely investigated in a range of semiconductor material systems coupled to photonic cavities. Self-hybridization occurs when the semiconductor itself can serve as the photonic cavity medium resulting in strongly-coupled EPs with Rabi splitting energies (ħΩ) > 200 meV at room temperatures which recently were observed in layered two-dimensional (2D) excitonic materials. Here, we report an extreme version of this phenomenon, an ultrastrong EP coupling, in a nascent, 2D excitonic system, the metal organic chalcogenate (MOCHA) compound named mithrene. The resulting self-hybridized EPs in mithrene crystals placed on Au substrates show Rabi Splitting in the ultrastrong coupling range (ħΩ > 600 meV) due to the strong oscillator strength of the excitons concurrent with the large refractive indices of mithrene. We further show bright EP emission at room temperature as well as EP dispersions at low-temperatures. Importantly, we find lower EP emission linewidth narrowing to ~1 nm when mithrene crystals are placed in closed Fabry-Perot cavities. Our results suggest that MOCHA materials are ideal for polaritonics in the deep green-blue part of the spectrum where strong excitonic materials with large optical constants are notably scarce. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Excitons

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A Tutorial on Environment-Aware Communications via Channel Knowledge Map for 6G

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zeng, Yong Chen, Junting Xu, Jie Wu, Di Xu, Xiaoli Jin, Shi Gao, Xiqi Gesbert, David Cui, Shuguang Zhang, Rui The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security Southeast University Bangladesh Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen518172 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518066 China The Communication Systems Department EURECOM France School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Shenzhen518172 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

Sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication networks are expected to have dense infrastructures, large antenna size, wide bandwidth, cost-effective hardware, diversified positioning methods, and enhanced intelligence. Such trends bring both new challenges and opportunities for the practical design of 6G. On one hand, acquiring channel state information (CSI) in real time for all wireless links becomes quite challenging in 6G. On the other hand, there would be numerous data sources in 6G containing high-quality location-tagged channel data, e.g., the estimated channels or beams between base station (BS) and user equipment (UE), making it possible to better learn the local wireless environment. By exploiting this new opportunity and for tackling the CSI acquisition challenge, there is a promising paradigm shift from the conventional environment-unaware communications to the new environment-aware communications based on the novel approach of channel knowledge map (CKM). This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview on environment-aware communications enabled by CKM to fully harness its benefits for 6G. First, the basic concept of CKM is presented, followed by the comparison of CKM with various existing channel inference techniques. Next, the main techniques for CKM construction are discussed, including both environment model-free and environment model-assisted approaches. Furthermore, a general framework is presented for the utilization of CKM to achieve environment-aware communications, followed by some typical CKM-aided communication scenarios. Finally, important open problems in CKM research are highlighted and potential solutions are discussed to inspire future work. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Channel state information

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Synthesis of Weierstrass Fractional Noise for Validation of Polyscale Algorithms

Synthesis of Weierstrass Fractional Noise for Validation of ...

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2019 IEEE Canadian Conference of electrical and computer engineering, CCECE 2019

作者： Kinsner, Witold Cognitive Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba Winnipeg WinnipegMB Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781728103198

The complexity of nonlinear and nonstationary time series is often estimated to extract features for classification and modelling. This is of particular interest to anomaly detection in cyber-physical security where the time series has long-range dependence. The appropriate techniques include not only monoscale measures, but also multiscale and polyscale measures. Verification of such algorithms requires fractional noise with well-known properties. This paper describes generalization of the Weierstrass function to produce such time series. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Paracetamol Concentration-Sensing Scheme Based on a Linear Cavity Fiber Laser Configuration

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Soares, Liliana Perez-Herrera, Rosa Ana Novais, Susana Ferreira, António Frazão, Orlando Silva, Susana INESC TEC Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Rua do Campo Alegre 687 Porto4150-179 Portugal Department of Engineering Physics Faculty of Engineering University of Porto R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n Porto4200-465 Portugal Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Public University of Navarra Pamplona31006 Spain Public University of Navarra Pamplona31006 Spain LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering Environment Biotechnology and Energy Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n Porto4200-465 Portugal ALiCE -Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

A paracetamol concentration-sensing scheme based on a linear cavity fiber laser configuration is demonstrated experimentally. The laser cavity has a fiber sensor at one end, that allows refractive index measurements. The refractometer consists of a cleaved fiber tip combined with an FBG functioning as a reflecting mirror. The combination of a fiber loop mirror at the other end allows to reflect all the light from the FBG and refractometer, forming a linear cavity. By measuring the intensity variation of the Fresnel reflection at the fiber-to-liquid interface, the measured concentration is linear and have a concentration sensitivity of [[EQUATION]] µW/(g/kg), over a range of 52.61 to 219.25 g /kg, and with a resolution of 2.77 g/kg. The results obtained present great stability and prove the potential of the fiber laser system to performed real-time measurements of concentration, in a non-invasive way. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Refractometers

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