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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhu, Jinlong Udupa, Aditi Goddard, Lynford L. Photonic Systems Laboratory Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Using light to non-destructively detect nanoscale perturbations is vital to many fields including material characterization, human disease diagnosis, and semiconductor electronics. In this work, we introduce the concepts of electromagnetic canyons and non-resonance amplification and apply them on a conventional diffraction-limited optical microscope to directly view individual perturbations (25-nm radius = a;/31) in a nanoscale volume. Considering the extensive impact of microscopy on scientific discovery and technology development, our noninvasive imaging-based method with deep subwavelength footprint will have far-reaching consequences that will affect our everyday *** Codes 78A10, 78A25, 81V10, 83C50, 82D37, 82D80 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanotechnology

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Selective excitation of a three-dimensionally oriented single plasmonic dipole

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Photonics Research 2019年第6期7卷 693-698页

作者： FAJUN XIAO GUANGLIN WANG XUETAO GAN WUYUN SHANG SHIYIN CAO WEIREN ZHU TING MEI MALIN PREMARATNE JIANLIN ZHAO MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 China Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AXL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

We experimentally demonstrate a scheme to deterministically excite a three-dimensionally oriented electric dipole in a single Au nanosphere by using a tightly focused radially polarized beam whose focal field possesses polarization states along three-dimensional(3D) orientations owing to the spatial overlap between longitudinal and radial electric field components. Experiment observations indicate that the orientation of an excited dipole moment gradually changes from out-of-plane to in-plane when the nanosphere is moved away from the beam center, which is reconfirmed by full-wave simulations. Moreover, rigorous calculation based on Mie theory reveals that a reduced effective ambient permittivity accompanies the rotation of the dipole moment, leading to a blue-shifted and narrowed resonance peak. We envision that our results could find applications in detecting the 3D orientation of isolated molecules and benefit the fine manipulation of light–matter interactions at the single-molecule level.

关键词： Selective excitation plasmonic dipole

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A perspective of twisted photonic structures

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chen, Jialin Lin, Xiao Chen, Mingyuan Low, Tony Chen, Hongsheng Dai, Siyuan Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China International Joint Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining314400 China Materials Research and Education Center Department of Mechanical Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN55455 United States

Moiré superlattices-twisted van der Waals (vdW) structures with small angles-are attracting increasing attention in condensed matter physics, due to important phenomena revealed therein, including unconventional superconductivity, correlated insulating states, and ferromagnetism. Moiré superlattices are typically comprised of atomic layers of vdW materials where the exotic physics arises from the quantum electronic coupling between adjacent atomic layers. Recently, moiré electronics has motivated their photonic counterparts. In addition to vdW materials, twisted photonic systems can also be comprised of metamaterials, metasurfaces, and photonic crystals, mediated by interlayer electromagnetic coupling instead. The interplay between short-ranged interlayer quantum and long-ranged electromagnetic coupling in twisted structures are expected to yield rich phenomena in nano-optics. This perspective reviews recent progress in twisted structures for nanophotonics and outlooks emerging topics, opportunities, fundamental challenges, and potential applications. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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A robust Lyapunov criterion for non-oscillatory behaviors in biological interaction networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Angeli, David Al-Radhawi, M. Ali Sontag, Eduardo D. The Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione University of Florence Florence Italy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Bioengineering Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States The Departments of Chemical Engineering and Mathematics Northeastern University The Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States

We introduce the notion of non-oscillation, propose a constructive method for its robust verification, and study its application to biological interaction networks (also known as, chemical reaction networks). We begin by revisiting Muldowney's result on the non-existence of periodic solutions based on the study of the variational system of the second additive compound of the Jacobian of a nonlinear system. We show that exponential stability of the latter rules out limit cycles, quasi-periodic solutions, and broad classes of oscillatory behavior. We focus then on nonlinear equations arising in biological interaction networks with general kinetics, and we show that the dynamics of the aforementioned variational system can be embedded in a linear differential inclusion. We then propose algorithms for constructing piecewise linear Lyapunov functions to certify global robust non-oscillatory behavior. Finally, we apply our techniques to study several regulated enzymatic cycles where available methods are not able to provide any information about their qualitative global behavior. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Piecewise linear techniques

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Structural Decomposition and its Use in Qualitative Model-based Diagnosis of Complex systems : Plenary Talk

Structural Decomposition and its Use in Qualitative Model-ba...

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International Symposium on Intelligent systems and Informatics (SISY)

作者： Katalin M. Hangos A. I. Pózna Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control HAS Budapest Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems University of Pannonia Veszprém Hungary

ISBN: (数字)9781728121437

ISBN: (纸本)9781728121444

Decomposition offers the potential to reduce the complexity of model-based optimization, prediction, control and diagnosis by accounting for the structure and sparsity of the describing model. Motivated by this fact, a rich and powerful collection of decomposition methods are available for model based diagnosis of large-scale complex dynamic systems, too. At the same time, one usually does not have enough information about a large-scale complex dynamic system to construct its precise enough model, so a kind of qualitative dynamic model is often used for the diagnosis. Two structural decomposition based qualitative diagnostic methods are presented in this lecture, together with their component-driven system decomposition techniques.

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EEG microstates: Functional significance and short-term test-retest reliability

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Neuroimage: Reports 2022年第2期2卷 100089-100089页

作者： Antonova, Elena Holding, Martin Suen, Ho Chak Sumich, Alex Maex, Reinoud Nehaniv, Chrystopher Division of Psychology Department of Life Sciences College of Health Medicine and Life Sciences & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Brunel University London Kingston Lane Uxbridge UB8 3PH United Kingdom Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London De Crespigny Park London SE5 8AF United Kingdom Department of Psychology School of Social Sciences Nottingham Trent University 50 Shakespeare Street Nottingham NG1 4FQ United Kingdom Royal Society Wolfson Biocomputation Research Laboratory Centre for Computer Science and Informatics Research University of Hertfordshire College Lane Hatfield AL10 9AB United Kingdom Departments of Systems Design Engineering and Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue W Waterloo N2L 3G1 ON Canada

EEG microstates, reflecting discrete topographical organization of the EEG signal power, may have clinical relevance;however, their functional significance and test-retest reliability remain unclear. To investigate the functional significance of the canonical EEG microstate classes and their pairwise transitions, and to establish their within-session test-retest reliability, we recorded 36-channel EEGs in 20 healthy volunteers during three eyes-closed conditions: mind-wandering, verbalization (silently repeating the word ‘square’ every 2 s), and visualization (visualizing a square every 2 s). Each condition lasted 3 min and the sequence of three conditions was repeated four times (two runs of two sequence repetitions). The participants' alertness and their sense of effort during the experiment were rated using visual-analogue scales. The EEG data were 2–20 Hz bandpass-filtered and analysed into the four canonical microstate classes: A, B, C, and D. EEG microstate classes C and D were persistently more dominant than classes A and B in all conditions. Of the first-order microstate parameters, average microstate duration was most reliable. The duration of class D microstate was longer during mind-wandering (106.8 ms) than verbalization (102.2 ms) or visualization (99.8 ms), with a concomitantly higher coverage (36.4% vs. 34.7% and 35.2%), but otherwise there was no clear association of the four microstate classes to particular mental states. The test-retest reliability was higher at the beginning of each run, together with higher average alpha power and subjective ratings of alertness. Only the transitions between classes C and D (from C to D in particular) were significantly higher than what would be expected from the respective microstates' occurrences. The transition probabilities, however, did not distinguish between conditions, and their test-retest reliability was overall lower than that of the first-order parameters such as duration and coverage. Further studies

关键词： Biomarkers EEG microstates Mind-wandering Neuroimaging Resting-state EEG Resting-state networks

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Experimental demonstration of an electrically tunable broadband coherent perfect absorber based on a graphene–electrolyte–graphene sandwich structure

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Photonics Research 2019年第8期7卷 868-874页

作者： JIN ZHANG XINGZHAN WEI MALIN PREMARATNE WEIREN ZHU Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing400714China Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory(AχL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVictoria3800Australia

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the operation of an electrically tunable, broadband coherent perfect absorption(CPA) at microwave frequencies by harnessing the CPA features of a graphene–electrolyte–graphene sandwich structure(GSS). Using both a simplified lumped circuit model and full-wave numerical simulation, it is found that the microwave coherent absorptivity of the GSS can be tuned dynamically from nearly 50% to 100% by changing the Fermi level of the graphene. Strikingly, our simplified lumped circuit model agrees very well with the full-wave numerical model, offering valuable insight into the CPA operation of the device. The angle dependency of coherent absorption in the GSS is further investigated, making suggestions for achieving CPA at wide angles up to 80°. To show the validity and accuracy of our theory and numerical simulations, a GSS prototype is fabricated and measured in a C-band waveguide system. The reasonably good agreement between the experimental and the simulated results confirms that the tunable coherent absorption in GSS can be electrically controlled by changing the Fermi level of the graphene.

关键词： GSS electrolyte Experimental demonstration

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Towards new forms of particle sensing and manipulation and 3D imaging on a smartphone for healthcare applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhu, Jinlong Zhao, Ni Zhou, Renjie Photonic Systems Laboratory Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electronic Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong

Close to half of the world population have smartphones, while a typical flagship smartphone today has been integrated with more than 20 smart components and sensors, making a smartphone a highly integrated platform that can potentially mimic the five senses of humans. Recent advancement in achieving high compactness, high performance computing, high flexibility, and multiplexed functionality in smartphones have enabled them for many cutting-edge healthcare applications, such as single-molecule imaging, medical diagnosis, and biosensing, which were conventionally done with bulky and sophisticated devices. Most of the current healthcare applications are developed based on using the photon-sensitive components, such as CMOS sensors, flash & fill lights, lens modules, and LED lights in the screen, leaving the rest of the smart and high-performance sensors rarely explored. In this Perspective, we review recent progresses in advanced sensors in modern smartphones and discuss how those sensors have great, as yet unmet, promise to offer widespread and easy-to-implement solutions to many emerging healthcare applications, including nanoscale sensing, point-of-care testing, pollution monitoring, *** Codes 7811(Primary), 9201(Secondary) © 2020, CC-BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Smartphones

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Cooperative Intelligence for Autonomous Driving

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ZTE Communications 2019年第2期17卷 44-50页

作者： CHENG Xiang DUAN Dongliang YANG Liuqing ZHENG Nanning State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710049China

Autonomous driving is an emerging technology attracting interests from various sectors in recent *** of existing work treats autonomous vehicles as isolated individuals and has focused on developing separate intelligent *** this paper,we attempt to exploit the connectivity among vehicles and propose a systematic framework to develop autonomous driving *** first introduce a general hierarchical information fusion framework for cooperative sensing to obtain global situational awareness for *** this,a cooperative intelligence framework is proposed for autonomous driving *** general framework can guide the development of data collection,sharing and processing strategies to realize different intelligent functions in autonomous driving.

关键词： autonomous driving cooperative intelligence information fusion vehicular communications and networking

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Finite Blocklength Performance of Relay Networks Over Nakagami-m Channels

Finite Blocklength Performance of Relay Networks Over Nakaga...

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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Xi Zhang Qixuan Zhu H. Vincent Poor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University College Station TX USA Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University Princeton NJ USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728109626

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109633

Wireless cooperative communications and relay networks can significantly improve the performance of fifth generation (5G) wireless networks, which aim at providing a wide range of time-sensitive multimedia services and applications by satisfying users' stringent requirements on the delay-bounded quality of service (QoS). Finite blocklength coding (FBC) is a promising candidate technique to support time-sensitive services in 5G wireless networks, where mobile users transmit short packets to upper-bound the transmission delay of multimedia traffic. In this paper, we derive closed-form expressions for the coding rates of direct and relay transmissions, respectively, under the Nakagami-m fading channel in the finite blocklength regime. We compare decoding error probabilities, coding rates, and outage probabilities between direct and relay transmissions. Our comparison results show that while relay transmission yields a larger coding rate than that of direct transmissions under the Nakagami-m fading channel, the outage probability and error rate of relay transmissions are higher than those of direct transmissions. We also derive a closed-form expression for the outage probability for relay transmissions with multiple parallel relays. Finally, we evaluate and validate our derived coding rates and outage probabilities for both direct and relay transmissions in the finite blocklength regime through numerical analyses.

关键词： Encoding Fading channels Power system reliability Probability Relay networks (telecommunications) Wireless communication

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