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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural engineering, CNE

作者： Jacob Kritikos Giannis Tzannetos Chara Zoitaki Stavroula Poulopoulou Dimitris Koutsouris Biomedical Engineering Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Department of Digital Systems University of Piraeus Piraeus Greece

Nowadays, Virtual Reality (VR) is bringing great benefits to Anxiety Disorder treatments, as well as to other brain cognitive dysfunctions. The advantage of VR is that it can provoke stimuli to the same degree as real-life situations. However, measurement methods of physiological changes caused by the aforementioned stimuli, which apply to VR Anxiety Disorder treatments, have not been examined extensively. As a result, clinicians who use biosignal sensors tend to ask their patients to remain motionless during simulations in order to achieve accurate measurements from the sensors. It is clear that this practice limits the level and range of benefits yielded when using VR simulation. As a consequence, the patients' experience is restricted and so is the potential of the sensors' application in the treatment methods. Furthermore, the data gathered from the sensors is handled using conventional analysis affecting the conclusions drawn about the patients' state. This study aims to emphasise the importance of interacting with the stimuli during the VR treatment through the proposal of an Electrodermal Activity (EDA) Sensor System architecture that can be combined with VR simulations while still allowing the patient to move and interact within the Virtual Environment, without compromising the sensor's measurements. Continuous Deconvolution Analysis is used to draw conclusions from the gathered biosensor data.

关键词： Biosensors Solid modeling Biological system modeling Virtual reality Sensor systems Physiology Biomedical measurement

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Metrics Reloaded: Recommendations for image analysis validation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Maier-Hein, Lena Reinke, Annika Godau, Patrick Tizabi, Minu D. Buettner, Florian Christodoulou, Evangelia Glocker, Ben Isensee, Fabian Kleesiek, Jens Kozubek, Michal Reyes, Mauricio Riegler, Michael A. Wiesenfarth, Manuel Emre Kavur, A. Sudre, Carole H. Baumgartner, Michael Eisenmann, Matthias Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Rädsch, Tim Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew B. Jorge Cardoso, M. Cheplygina, Veronika Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian Ginneken, Bram Van Haase, Robert Hashimoto, Daniel A. Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kenngott, Hannes Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Petersen, Jens Rajpoot, Nasir Rieke, Nicola Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten Van Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben Van Varoquaux, Gaël Jäger, Paul F. Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science and Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg a partnership between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany partner site Frankfurt/Mainz a partnership between DKFZ and UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Medicine Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Informatics Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing and HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany Institute for AI in Medicine University Medicine Essen Essen Germany Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Bern University of Bern Bern Switzerland Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering Oslo Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway Romsø Norway Heidelberg Division of Biostatistics Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Division of Medical Image Computing HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal

Increasing evidence shows that flaws in machine learning (ML) algorithm validation are an underestimated global problem. Particularly in automatic biomedical image analysis, chosen performance metrics often do not reflect the domain interest, thus failing to adequately measure scientific progress and hindering translation of ML techniques into practice. To overcome this, we created Metrics Reloaded, a comprehensive framework guiding researchers in the problem-aware selection of metrics. It was developed by a large international consortium in a multi-stage Delphi process and is based on the novel concept of a problem fingerprint – a structured representation of the given problem that captures all aspects that are relevant for metric selection, from the domain interest to the properties of the target structure(s), data set and algorithm output. Based on the problem fingerprint, users are guided through the process of choosing and applying appropriate validation metrics while being made aware of potential pitfalls. Metrics Reloaded targets image analysis problems that can be interpreted as a classification task at image, object or pixel level, namely image-level classification, object detection, semantic segmentation, and instance segmentation tasks. To improve the user experience, we implemented the framework in the Metrics Reloaded online tool. Following the convergence of ML methodology across application domains, Metrics Reloaded fosters the convergence of validation methodology. Its applicability is demonstrated for various biomedical use cases. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Room-temperature high-purity single-photon emission from carbon-doped boron nitride thin films

引用

Science advances 2025年第25期11卷

作者： Arka Chatterjee Abhijit Biswas Addis S Fuhr Tanguy Terlier Bobby G Sumpter Pulickel M Ajayan Igor Aharonovich Shengxi Huang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA. SIMS laboratory Shared Equipment Authority Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA. School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology Sydney Ultimo New South Wales 2007 Australia. ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems University of Technology Sydney Ultimo New South Wales 2007 Australia. Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA.

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has emerged as a promising platform for generating room temperature single photons exhibiting high brightness and spin-photon entanglement. However, improving emitter purity, stability, and scalability remains a challenge for quantum technologies. Here, we demonstrate highly pure and stable single-photon emitters (SPEs) in h-BN by directly growing carbon-doped, centimeter-scale h-BN thin films using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. These SPEs exhibit room temperature operation with polarized emission, achieving a (0) value of 0.015, which is among the lowest reported for room temperature SPEs and the lowest achieved for h-BN SPEs. It also exhibits high brightness (~0.5 million counts per second), remarkable stability during continuous operation (>15 min), and a Debye-Waller factor of 45%. First-principles calculations reveal unique carbon defects responsible for these properties, enabled by PLD's low-temperature synthesis and in situ doping. Our results demonstrate an effective method for large-scale production of high-purity, stable SPEs in h-BN, enabling robust quantum optical sources for various quantum applications.

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Comparator-based gene regulatory network designs for control of expression

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第19期51卷 38-41页

作者： Kazemi, J. Ozgoli, S. Ingalls, B.P. Advanced Control Systems Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Applied Mathematics University of Waterloo WaterlooOntarioN2L 3G1 Canada

We present comparator-based gene network designs for feedback control of the concentration of gene products. Two gene circuit designs are proposed, each of which compares concentrations of an input transcription factor (the reference input) with the protein product of a target gene (the process output). These designs employ a genetic relay switch and a shifted subtractor as components of a discrete comparator circuit and a bistable comparator circuit, respectively. Numerical simulation results illustrate the potential effectiveness of the designed controllers. © 2018

关键词： Comparator circuits Comparators (optical) Feedback control Integrated circuit manufacture Transcription Gene circuits Gene networks Gene products Gene regulatory networks Process output Reference inputs Relay switches Synthetic biology

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Generated datasets from dynamic reproduction of projectiles in ballistic environments for advanced research (DROPBEAR) testbed

引用

IOP SciNotes 2022年第4期3卷 044401-044401页

作者： Matthew Nelson Simon Laflamme Chao Hu Adriane G Moura Jonathan Hong Austin Downey Peter Lander Yang Wang Erik Blasch Jacob Dodson Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50021 United States of America Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50021 United States of America Department of Mechanical engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 United States of America Air Force Research Laboratory Munitions Directorate Eglin Air Force Base FL 32542 United States of America Raytheon Missile Systems Raytheon Tucson AZ 85706 United States of America Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 United States of America School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Tech Atlanta GA 30332 United States of America School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Tech Atlanta GA 30332 United States of America Air Force Office of Scientific Research Arlington VA 22203 United States of America

High-rate dynamics occur when a system's acceleration is larger than 100 gn over durations less than 100 ms. Structural health monitoring algorithms must be created for high-rate dynamic systems to maximize safety...

High-rate dynamics occur when a system's acceleration is larger than 100 g_n over durations less than 100 ms. Structural health monitoring algorithms must be created for high-rate dynamic systems to maximize safety and minimize economic losses. There is a need to evaluate these algorithms for precision and accuracy prior to real-world implementation. An experimental testbed was created to simulate large-magnitude events while maintaining repeatability to accurately and robustly assess various structural health monitoring algorithms' capability to monitor high-rate dynamic systems. All previous datasets created on the experimental testbed are discussed, examining various sensor setups, excitations, and boundary condition changes to properly simulate near-high-rate events and provide robust experimental data to evaluate structural health monitoring algorithms.

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Bohmian Photonics for Independent Control of the Phase and Amplitude of Waves

引用

Physical Review Letters 2018年第19期120卷 193902-193902页

作者： Sunkyu Yu Xianji Piao Namkyoo Park Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea

The de Broglie–Bohm theory is one of the nonstandard interpretations of quantum phenomena that focuses on reintroducing definite positions of particles, in contrast to the indeterminism of the Copenhagen interpretation. In spite of intense debate on its measurement and nonlocality, the de Broglie–Bohm theory based on the reformulation of the Schrödinger equation allows for the description of quantum phenomena as deterministic trajectories embodied in the modified Hamilton-Jacobi mechanics. Here, we apply the Bohmian reformulation to Maxwell’s equations to achieve the independent manipulation of optical phase evolution and energy confinement. After establishing the deterministic design method based on the Bohmian approach, we investigate the condition of optical materials enabling scattering-free light with bounded or random phase evolutions. We also demonstrate a unique form of optical confinement and annihilation that preserves the phase information of incident light. Our separate tailoring of wave information extends the notion and range of artificial materials.

关键词： Quantum description of light-matter interaction Transformation optics Optical materials & elements Random & disordered media

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Design of Transverse Spinning of Light with Globally Unique Handedness

引用

Physical Review Letters 2018年第20期120卷 203901-203901页

作者： Xianji Piao Sunkyu Yu Namkyoo Park Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea

Access to the transverse spin of light has unlocked new regimes in topological photonics. To achieve the transverse spin from nonzero longitudinal fields, various platforms that derive transversely confined waves based on focusing, interference, or evanescent waves have been suggested. Nonetheless, because of the transverse confinement inherently accompanying sign reversal of the field derivative, the resulting transverse spin handedness of each field experiences spatial inversion, which leads to a mismatch between the intensities of the field and its spin component and hinders the global observation of the transverse spin. Here, we reveal a globally pure transverse spin of the electric field in which the field intensity signifies the spin distribution. Starting from the target spin mode for the inverse design of required spatial profiles of anisotropic permittivities, we show that the elliptic-hyperbolic transition around the epsilon-near-zero permittivity allows for the global conservation of transverse spin handedness of the electric field across the topological interface between anisotropic metamaterials. Extending to the non-Hermitian regime, we develop annihilated transverse spin modes to cover the entire Poincaré sphere of the meridional plane. This result realizes the complete optical analogy of three-dimensional quantum spin states.

关键词： Hyperbolic metamaterials Polarization of light Surface gravity waves Spin

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Low frequency non-resonant rectification in spin-diodes

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Tomasello, R. Fang, B. Artemchuk, P. Carpentieri, M. Fasano, L. Giordano, A. Prokopenko, O.V. Zeng, Z.M. Finocchio, G. Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics FORTH Heraklion-CreteGR-70013 Greece Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics CAS Suzhou Jiangsu215123 China Faculty of RadioPhysics Electronics and Computer Systems Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv01601 Ukraine Department of Physics Oakland University RochesterMI48309 United States Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Politecnico of Bari via Orabona 4 Bari70125 Italy Italy Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Messina MessinaI-98166 Italy

Spin-diodes are usually resonant in nature (GHz frequency) and tuneable by magnetic field and bias current with performances, in terms of sensitivity and minimum detectable power, overcoming the semiconductor counterpart, i.e. Schottky diodes. Recently, spin diodes characterized by a low frequency detection (MHz frequency) have been proposed. Here, we show a strategy to design low frequency detectors based on magnetic tunnel junctions having the interfacial perpendicular anisotropy of the same order of the demagnetizing field out-of-plane component. Micromagnetic calculations show that to reach this detection regime a threshold input power has to be overcome and the phase shift between the oscillation magnetoresistive signal and the input radiofrequency current plays the key role in determining the value of the rectification voltage. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Schottky barrier diodes

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Cascade Terminal Sliding Mode Control of a Deployable Cable Driven Robot

Cascade Terminal Sliding Mode Control of a Deployable Cable ...

引用

International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, and Automation

作者： S. A. Khalilpour R. Khorrambakht M. J. Harandi H. D. Taghirad Philippe Cardou Advanced Robotics and Automated Systems Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering K.N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Robotics Laboratory Laval University Quebec City QC Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781728158150

ISBN: (纸本)9781728158167

Most control systems used for cable-driven parallel manipulators employ a simple inner control loop for controlling the driving force of the actuators. By this means the effects of some nonlinear uncertainties of the actuator and power transmission systems are significantly reduced, and in turn, this helps the outer user-specified position control loop to perform more accurately. However, this positive impact on performance relies on non achievable assumptions that the inner control loop is fast and accurate enough, and its dynamics can be totally ignored. The main contribution of this paper is to analyze the stability of the system as a whole, considering both inner and outer loop controllers. The outer loop controller proposed in here is a finite time robust sliding mode whose stability is analyzed through the Lyapunov direct method. A deployable cable-driven parallel robot, as the case study, is also considered in this paper, which is characterized by several intrinsic kinematic and dynamic uncertainties. Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed robust controller is evaluated through some simulations and experiments in order to verify the effectiveness and the characteristics of the cascade controller structure in practice.

关键词： Robots Mathematical model Actuators Jacobian matrices Force Uncertainty Kinematics

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Hierarchic neighbors embedding

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Liu, Shenglan Yu, Yang Liu, Yang Qiao, Hong Feng, Lin Feng, Jiashi School of Computer Science and Technology Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian Liaoning116024 China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

Manifold learning now plays a very important role in machine learning and many relevant applications. Although its superior performance in dealing with nonlinear data distribution, data sparsity is always a thorny knot. There are few researches to well handle it in manifold learning. In this paper, we propose Hierarchic Neighbors Embedding (HNE), which enhance local connection by the hierarchic combination of neighbors. After further analyzing topological connection and reconstruction performance, three different versions of HNE are given. The experimental results show that our methods work well on both synthetic data and high-dimensional real-world tasks. HNE develops the outstanding advantages in dealing with general data. Furthermore, comparing with other popular manifold learning methods, the performance on sparse samples and weak-connected manifolds is better for HNE. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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