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Designing an embedded video processing camera using a 16-bit microprocessor for a surveillance system

Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 2006年第1期42卷 57-68页

作者： Sato, Koichi Evans, Brian L. Aggarwal, J.K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer and Vision Research Center University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Embedded Signal Processing Laboratory University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Design and Implementation of Signal Processing Systems Technical Committee IEEE Signal Processing Society IEEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer and Vision Research Center IEEE Computer Society

This paper describes the design and implementation of a hybrid intelligent surveillance system that consists of an embedded system and a personal computer (PC)-based system. The embedded system performs some of the image processing tasks and sends the processed data to the PC. The PC tracks persons and recognizes two-person interactions by using a grayscale side view image sequence captured by a stationary camera. Based on our previous research, we explored the optimum division of tasks between the embedded system and the PC, simulated the embedded system using dataflow models in Ptolemy, and prototyped the embedded system in real-time hardware and software using a 16-bit CISC microprocessor. This embedded system processes one 320 × 240 frame in 89 ms, which yields one-third of the rate of 30 Hz video system. In addition, the real-time embedded system prototype uses 5.7 K bytes of program memory, 854 K bytes of internal data memory and 2 M bytes external DRAM. © Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2006.

关键词： Microprocessor chips

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ELECTRIC-FIELD GRADING USING THIN-FILM NONOHMIC ZINC-OXIDE

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY 1987年第4期2卷 1164-1169页

作者： TORREY, DA KIRTLEY, JL Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

The transient response of thin film non Ohmic zinc oxide is studied to determine if the material would be able to keep up with power system abnormalities such as switching surges and lightning strokes. The transient model is based on a lumped parameter model of the distributed problem. It is found that the maximum electric field seen by the insulator was a function of film thickness, ground capacitance, and the characteristic time of the drive. It does not appear to be affected strongly by the internal capacitance of the film. The switching time of the film, being on the order of a nanosecond, does not appear to have an effect on transients of the time scale of lightning or line switching, indicating satisfactory film performance for sufficient thicknesses.

关键词： Transistors Zinc oxide Power system modeling Power system transients Lightning Transient response Surges Dielectrics and electrical insulation Capacitance-voltage characteristics Capacitance

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PROJECTED NEWTON METHODS AND OPTIMIZATION OF MULTICOMMODITY FLOWS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 1983年第12期28卷 1090-1096页

作者： BERTSEKAS, DP GAFNI, EM Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

A superlinearly convergent Newton like method for linearly constrained optimization problems is adapted for solution of multicommodity network flow problems of the type arising in communication and transportation networks. We show that the method can be implemented approximately by making use of conjugate gradient iterations without the need to compute explicitly the Hessian matrix. Preliminary computational results suggest that this type of method is capable of yielding highly accurate solutions of nonlinear multicommodity flow problems far more efficiently than any of the methods available at present.

关键词： Newton method Optimization methods Constraint optimization Proposals Transportation Quadratic programming Convergence computer science Equations

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OPTICAL-EMISSIONS FROM WELD ARCS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WELDING ROBOT VISION systems

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APPLIED OPTICS 1985年第16期24卷 2587-2595页

作者： LENEF, AL GARDNER, CS []The authors are with University of Illinois Department of Electrical Computer Engineering Electro-Optic Systems Laboratory Urbana Illinois 61801.

The design and operation of one-pass arc welding robot vision systems are greatly complicated by the presence of the bright weld arc and the harsh welding environment. In this paper we present absolute intensity measurements of weld arc spectra at visible and near-IR wavelengths using Ar–O₂ shield gas with solid wire and CO₂ shield gas with flux-core wire. These measurements reveal the existence of many strong emission lines in the weld arc spectrum. The intense arc interference can be avoided by appropriately choosing the operating wavelength and by using a narrowband interference filter to prevent most of the arc radiation from reaching the detector of the vision system camera.

关键词： Diode lasers Interference filters Laser beams Laser sources Machine vision Visible light

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Making large scale deployment of RCP practical for real networks

Making large scale deployment of RCP practical for real netw...

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INFOCOM 2008: 27th IEEE Communications Society Conference on computer Communications

作者： Tai, Chia-Hui Zhu, Jiang Dukkipati, Nandita Computer Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424420261

We recently proposed the Rate Control Protocol (RCP) as a way to minimize download times (or flow-completion times). Simulations suggest that if RCP were widely deployed, downloads would frequently finish an order of magnitude faster than with TCP. This is because RCP involves explicit feedback from the routers along the path, allowing a sender to pick a fast starting rate, and adapt quickly to network conditions. RCP is particularly appealing because it can be shown to be stable under broad operating conditions, and its performance is independent of the flow-size distribution and the RTT. Although it requires changes to the routers, the changes are small. The routers keep no per-flow state or per-flow queues, and the per-packet processing is minimal. However, the bar is high for a new congestion control mechanism -introducing a new scheme requires enormous change, and the argument needs to be compelling. And so, to enable incremental deployment of RCP, we have built and tested an open and public implementation of RCP, and proposed solutions for deployments that require no fork-lift network upgrades. In this paper we describe our end-host and router implementation of RCP in Linux, and solutions to how RCP can coexist in a network carrying predominantly non-RCP traffic, and coordinate with routers that don't implement RCP. We hope that these solutions will take us closer to having an impact in real networks, not just for RCP but also for many other explicit congestion control protocols proposed in literature. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Routers

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DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF SHORTEST-PATH ROUTING ALGORITHMS FOR COMMUNICATION-NETWORKS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL 1982年第1期27卷 60-74页

作者： BERTSEKAS, DP Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

Several proposed routing algorithms for store and forward communication networks, including one currently in operation in the ARPANET route messages along shortest paths computed by using some set of link lengths. When these lengths depend on current traffic conditions as they must in an adaptive algorithm, dynamic behavior questions such as stability, convergence, and speed of convergence are of interest. This paper is the first attempt to analyze systematically these issues. It is shown that minimum queuing delay path algorithms tend to exhibit violent oscillatory behavior in the absence of a damping mechanism. The oscillations can be damped by means of several types of schemes two of which are analyzed in this paper. In the first scheme a constant bias is added to the queuing delay thereby providing a preference towards paths with a small number of links. In the second scheme the effects of several past routings are averaged as for example when the link lengths are computed and communicated asynchronously throughout the network.

关键词： Routing Communication networks computer networks Convergence Delay ARPANET Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Adaptive algorithm Stability

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Exploiting coarse-grain verification parallelism for power-efficient fault tolerance 05

Exploiting coarse-grain verification parallelism for power-e...

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14th International Conference on parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques, PACT 2005

作者： Rashid, M. Wasiur Tan, Edwin J. Huang, Michael C. Albonesi, David H. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Computer Systems Laboratory Cornell University

ISBN: (纸本)076952429X

As device dimensions continue to be aggressively scaled, microprocessors are becoming increasingly vulnerable to the impact of undesired energy, such as that of a cosmic particle strike, which can cause transient errors. To prevent operational failure due to these errors, system-level techniques such as redundant execution will be increasingly required for fault detection and tolerance in future processors. However, the need for redundancy is directly opposed to the growing need for more power efficient operation. Conventional techniques that use multi-core microarchitectures to provide whole-thread duplication generally incur significant energy overhead which can exacerbate the already severe problem of power consumption and heat dissipation given a certain throughput requirement. In the future, approaches that supply the necessary level of robustness at a given throughput level must also be power-aware. We propose a thread-level redundant execution microarchitecture that significantly reduces the energy overhead of replication without unduly impacting performance. Our approach exploits the fact that with appropriate hardware support, the verification operation can be parallelized and run on a chip multiprocessor with support for frequency scaling together with supply voltage scaling and/or body biasing. To further improve the efficiency of verification, we exploit the information obtained by the leading thread to assist the trailing verification threads. We discuss in detail the required architectural support and show that our approach can be highly energy-efficient: using two checkers, fully replicated execution costs only an average 28% extra energy over non-redundant execution with virtually no performance loss. © 2005 IEEE.

关键词： parallel processing systems

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OPTIMAL QUADTREES FOR IMAGE SEGMENTS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 1983年第1期5卷 77-83页

作者： GROSKY, WI JAIN, R Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109

Quadtrees are compact hierarchical representations of images. In this paper, we define the efficiency of quadtrees in representing image segments and derive the relationship between the size of the enclosing rectangle of an image segment and its optimal quadtree. We show that if an image segment has an enclosing rectangle having sides of lengths x and y, such that 2N-1 × max (x, y) ⩽ 2N, then the optimal quadtree may be the one representing an image of size 2N × 2N or 2N+1 × 2N+1. It is shown that in some situations the quadtree corresponding to the larger image has fewer nodes. Also, some necessary conditions are derived to identify segments for which the larger image size results in a quadtree which is no more expensive than the quadtree for the smaller image size.

关键词： Image segmentation computer graphics Image processing Intelligent systems Laboratories computer science Image converters Tree graphs Machine intelligence Author Keywords Blueprint grid size image translation optimal quadtree partial quadtree

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Design of hybrid damping controller based on multi-target gravitational search optimization algorithm in a multi-machine power system with high penetration of PV park

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第5期23卷 1163-1175页

作者： Y.Hashemi H.Shayeghi M.Moradzadeh A.Safari Technical Engineering Department University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Centre of Excellence for Power System Automation and Operation Department of Electrical EngineeringIran University of Science and Technology Centre for Engineering Innovation Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Windsor Electrical Energy Laboratory Department of Electrical EnergySystems and AutomationGhent University Department of Electrical Engineering Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

A mathematical approach was proposed to investigate the impact of high penetration of large-scale photovoltaic park(LPP) on small-signal stability of a power network and design of hybrid controller for these units.A systematic procedure was performed to obtain the complete model of a multi-machine power network including *** damping of oscillations focusing on inter-area oscillatory modes,a hybrid controller for LPP was *** performance of the suggested controller was tested using a 16-machine 5-area *** results indicate that the proposed hybrid controller for LPP provides sufficient damping to the low-frequency modes of power system for a wide range of operating *** method presented in this work effectively indentifies the impact of increased PV penetration and its controller on dynamic performance of multi-machine power network containing *** results demonstrate that the model presented can be used in designing of essential controllers for LPP.

关键词： hybrid controller multi-objective optimization large-scale photovoltaic park small-signal scrutiny

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OPTIMAL SOURCE CODING FOR A CLASS OF INTEGER ALPHABETS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 1978年第1期24卷 110-112页

作者： HUMBLET, PA Electronic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

Let p(i) be a probability measure on the set of nonnegative integers. The Huffman optimum encoding technique is extended to a class of p(i) including those whose tail decreases

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