This paper describes the UIcluster software tool, which partitions expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences and other genetic sequences into "clusters" based on sequence similarity. Ideally, each cluster will ...
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A novel process based on local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) for fabricating planar electric micron-scale radial-gap motors is described. Issues relating to the design, fabrication and performance of these micromotors ...
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A novel process based on local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) for fabricating planar electric micron-scale radial-gap motors is described. Issues relating to the design, fabrication and performance of these micromotors are discussed, with particular emphasis given to the LOCOS process. Functioning variable-capacitance motors with rotors of 50 μm radii are described in detail and qualitative results of their operation with air levitation are presented. Finally, the integration of electronics with the micromotors on the same substrate is discussed. We have discussed the main issues involved in designing and fabricating electric variable-capacitance motors. Radial-gap motors have been selected for controllable instability and ease of fabrication. Furthermore, by examining the fabrication requirements of high-precision thick structures, we conclude that planarization is required unless greatly increased process complexity can be tolerated. The LOCOS-based process has thus been developed because it is inherently planar, unlike standard surface micromachining processes. Micron-scale motors and other structures have been successfully fabricated using the new LOCOS-based process. These motors were spun electrostatically up to speeds over 10 00O rpm, without visible signs of wear, when levitated by an externally generated air bearing. We are investigating the use of reduced-friction coatings such as Si 3 N 4 [2] or Teflon [19] in the bearing structure to eliminate the need for external air levitation. The inherent planarization of the motor not only facilitates the fabrication but may also facilitate the development of certain applications that require some form of direct cover or package. Starting and load transients must be sensed and controlled for stable VC motor performance. Closed-loop control, however, is virtually impossible witho
Monitoring the early stages of sea ice growth is vital because the changing sea ice cover controls the heat exchange between the ocean and air. New ice growth is also responsible for adding brine into the upper portio...
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Monitoring the early stages of sea ice growth is vital because the changing sea ice cover controls the heat exchange between the ocean and air. New ice growth is also responsible for adding brine into the upper portion of the water column. Thin sea ice also significantly affects the albedo of the surface as it changes from a sea surface to an ice surface. To investigate the ability of radars to map thin ice we performed radar backscatter measurements early in the fall freeze-up as part of the International Arctic Ocean Expedition '91 (IAOE'91). We collected data over the thin ice types of light nilas, dark nilas, and pancake/slush ice using a ship-based, C-band FM radar with all four linear polarizations. Our results indicate that radars must be able to measure sigma0 as low as - 30 dB for W polarization and - 34 dB for HH polarization. The noise-equivalent sigma0 for the ERS-1 Synthetic-Aperture Radar is - 24 dB and for RADARSAT is - 23 dB. This implies that these sensors are not capable of monitoring thin sea ice types such as dark nilas and grease ice but may be able to detect slightly thicker ice, such as light nilas and pancake ice, due to their higher backscatter.
The problem of variable selection in system identification of a high dimensional nonlinear non-parametric system is described. The inherent difficulty, the curse of dimensionality, is introduced. Then its connections ...
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The problem of variable selection in system identification of a high dimensional nonlinear non-parametric system is described. The inherent difficulty, the curse of dimensionality, is introduced. Then its connections to various topics and research areas are briefly discussed, including order determination, pattern recognition, data mining, machine learning, statistical regression and manifold embedding. Finally, some results of variable selection in system identification in the recent literature are presented.
Increasingly, feedback of measured run-time information is being used in the optimization of computation execution. Because of this, the need for a model relating the static view of a computation to its runtime varian...
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Flexible temperature sensors have been extensively investigated due to their prospect of wide application in various flexible electronic ***,most of the current flexible temperature sensors only work well in a narrow ...
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Flexible temperature sensors have been extensively investigated due to their prospect of wide application in various flexible electronic ***,most of the current flexible temperature sensors only work well in a narrow temperature range,with their application at high or low temperatures still being a big *** work proposes a flexible thermocouple temperature sensor based on aerogel blanket substrate,the temperature-sensitive layer of which uses the screen-printing technology to prepare indium oxide and indium tin *** has good temperature sensitivity,with the test sensitivity reaching 226.7μV℃^(−1).Most importantly,it can work in a wide temperature range,from extremely low temperatures down to liquid nitrogen temperature to high temperatures up to 1200℃,which is difficult to be achieved by other existing flexible temperature *** temperature sensor has huge application potential in biomedicine,aerospace and other fields.
Stochastic optimization can be used to generate optimal bidding strategies for virtual bidders in which the uncertain electricity prices are represented by using *** paper proposes a hybrid scenario generation method ...
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Stochastic optimization can be used to generate optimal bidding strategies for virtual bidders in which the uncertain electricity prices are represented by using *** paper proposes a hybrid scenario generation method for electricity price using a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)model and historical *** electricity price spikes are first identified by using an outlier detection ***,the historical data are decomposed into base and spike ***,the base and spike component scenarios are generated by using the SARIMA-and historical data-based methods,***,the electricity price scenarios are obtained by combining the base and spike component *** studies are carried out for a virtual bidder in the PJM electricity market to validate the proposed *** optimal bidding strategies of the virtual bidder are generated by solving a stochastic optimization problem using the electricity price scenarios generated by the proposed method,the SARIMA method,and a historical data-based method,*** study results show that the proposed method is better than the SARIMA method in preserving statistical properties of the electricity price in the generated scenarios and is better than the historical data-based method in predicting the future trend of the electricity price and,therefore,can help the virtual bidder earn more profit in the electricity market.
The increased penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) and Distribution Generation (DG) units in Distribution Networks (DGs) is expected to cause operational states subject to downstream power flow violations....
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781785611469
The increased penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) and Distribution Generation (DG) units in Distribution Networks (DGs) is expected to cause operational states subject to downstream power flow violations. The branches with upstream power flow could undergo high loading levels and thus, their carrying current could increase towards their ampacity level. Moreover, some nodes could experience over voltages;hence the Distribution System Operator (DSO) would probably proceed in forcing the dispersed generators to reduce their power injection into the grid or even in cutting of specific producers for as long it is needed. In this paper, two factors are proposed in order to describe and quantify the congestion level for DNs. Moreover, the problem is proposed to be solved via the technique of network reconfigurations in order to mitigate the congestion level. Numerous tests show that limited switching operations under simple heuristic rules could efficiently deal with the congestion problem.
Simplifying the programming models is paramount to the success of reconfigurable computing. We apply the principles of objectoriented programming to the design of stream architectures for reconfigurable computing. The...
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Cognitive and other nonlinear systems often involve deterministic differentiable processes and stochastic non-differentiable processes. Measuring the complexity of such processes is important when extracting objective...
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