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Comment on“In vivo flow cytometry reveals a circadian rhythm of circulating tumor cells”

Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1998-1999页

作者： Amber L.Williams Jessica E.Fitzgerald Fernando Ivich Eduardo DSontag Mark Niedre Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy *** involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from *** biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.

关键词： biopsy metastasis furthermore

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A Simultaneous Iterative Learning Control and Dynamic Modeling Approach for A Class of Nonlinear systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2015年第28期48卷 368-373页

作者： Hou, Zhongsheng Yu, Qiongxia Xu, Jian-Xin Yin, Chenkun Advanced Control Systems Laboratory Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore

This paper presents a novel simultaneous iterative learning control and dynamic modeling (SILCDM) approach. For a class of unknown and repeatable nonlinear discrete-time systems, a model-free iterative learning control (ILC) method is applied first. Meanwhile, by using the data generated during the repetitive operations, a novel iterative learning parameter estimation algorithm is proposed to calibrate the unknown time-varying parameter in the nonlinear system with known structure simultaneously. After the model parameter is well identified, the accurate dynamic model of the controlled plant is obtained. With this identified model, the model-free ILC method is then switched to a model-based optimal ILC method in order to get much better control performance. The theoretical analysis shows that the proposed pproach guarantees the convergence of both the system state and the parameter identification. The effectiveness of the SILCDM is further demonstrated through simulations. © 2015

关键词： Two term control systems

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Green supercomputing comes of age

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IT Professional 2008年第1期10卷 17-23页

作者： Feng, Wu-Chun Feng, Xizhou Ge, Rong Department of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech. Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory Virginia Tech. Center for High-End Computing Systems Virginia Tech.

Energy-efficient (green) supercomputing has evolved to improve system reliability and provide better availability and productivity. Green Destiny supercomputing system is a Linux-based cluster that uses low-power components whose performance could be optimized for supercomputing. Low-power supercomputing focuses on energy efficiency at system integration time, selects low-power chips as the building blocks for power reduction and system reliability, and achieves better performance by scaling up to a larger number of processors. Researchers have implemented various power-aware software prototypes for commodity supercomputing starting with cluster of high-performance, high-power processors that support mechanism called dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). Various approaches for parallel supercomputing nodes are studied by aiming execution phases that are not on the critical execution path.

关键词： Supercomputers

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Willow: A scalable shared memory multiprocessor

Willow: A scalable shared memory multiprocessor

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1992 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing, Supercomputing 1992

作者： Bennett, John K. Dwarkadas, Sandhya Greenwood, Jay Speight, Evan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Systems Laboratory Rice University HoustonTX77251-1892 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818626305

We are currently developing Willow, a shared memory multiprocessor whose design provides system capacity and performance capable of supporting over a thousand commercial microprocessors. Most recently, we have focused our attention on the design of a sixtyfour processor prototype that tests most of our ideas about scalability. In this paper we describe the factors that traditionally have limited the scalability of shared memory systems. These include: enforcing sequential consistency, inefficient synchronization, memory latency and bandwidth limitations, bus and memory contention, the necessity to enforce inclusion on lower-level caches, and limited I/O bandwidth. We then describe how the Willow architecture addresses each of these issues. Finally, we present data that evaluates the effect of the major architectural innovations in Willow on the performance of several parallel applications. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Scalability

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Flexible controller design and its application for concurrent execution of buffer centric dataflows

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Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 2007年第3期47卷 233-257页

作者： Mun, Junhee Cho, Shung Han Hong, Sangjin Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University-SUNY Stony Brook NY 11794-2350 United States

This paper presents a flexible controller structure for concurrent processing of memory centric coarse grain data flows. We propose a design flow based on block level pipelining where concurrency among processing blocks is fully maintained. The controller is dynamically reconfigurable to support dynamic data-flow structure changes by localizing control signals. The proposed control design method isolates controllers and processing logics such that system integration is simplified while controllers are locally configured from orthogonal global information. The controller also supports interfacing with external processors for asynchronous processing. The controller for heterogeneous processing blocks is synthesized and verified using Verilog and SystemC on FPGA. We present an example demonstrating the effectiveness of the controllers where dynamic reconfiguration of the execution is feasible. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.

关键词： Concurrent engineering

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SMALL-SIGNAL BEHAVIOR OF NONLINEAR LUMPED NETWORKS

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTE OF electrical AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS 1968年第1期56卷 14-&页

作者： DESOER, CA WONG, KK Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Electronics Research Laboratory University of California Berkeley CA USA TRW Systems Redondo Beach CA USA

This paper develops two theorems concerning the small-signal behavior of nonlinear time-varying networks whose state equations are of the form x= f(x, u, t). The conclusions of the theorems are supported by experiments. The input is of the form U(t) + u(t), where the bias U(t) is allowed to be time-varying (typically, slowly varying) and u(t) is the small signal. The bias induces a moving operation point X(t). Given some simple assumptions concerning the linearized small-signal equivalent circuit it is shown that provided u(t) is sufficiently small on [0, ), the state trajectory about the operating point is bounded on [0, ) and tends to zero as u 0. The method of proof also shows that this result applies to some distributed circuits. The second theorem shows that the push-pull connection reduces the distortion due to the nonlinearities of both resistors and energy storing elements. The third part of the paper describes numerical experiments that support the conclusions of the theory and a design procedure for nonlinear networks to be operated in the small-signal mode.

关键词： Time varying systems Nonlinear equations Laboratories Filters Equivalent circuits computer networks Electric resistance Equalizers Delay lines

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Architectural support for the stream execution model on general-purpose processors

Architectural support for the stream execution model on gene...

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16th International Conference on parallel Architecture and Compilation Techniques, PACT 2007

作者： Gummaraju, Jayanth Erez, Mattan Coburn, Joel Rosenblum, Mendel Dally, William J. Computer Systems Laboratory Stanford University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Texas Austin TX United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769529445

There has recently been much interest in stream processing, both in industry (e.g., Cell, NVIDIA G80, ATI R580) and academia (e.g., Stanford Merrimac, MIT RAW), with stream programs becoming increasingly popular for both media and more general-purpose computing. Although a special style of programming called stream programming is needed to target these stream architectures, huge performance benefits can be achieved. In this paper, we minimally add architectural features to commodity general-purpose processors (e.g., Intel/AMD) to efficiently support the stream execution model. We design the extensions to reuse existing components of the general-purpose processor hardware as much as possible by investigating low-cost modifications to the CPU caches, hardware prefetcher, and the execution core. With a less than 1% increase in die area along with judicious use of a software runtime system, we can efficiently support stream programming on traditional processor cores. We evaluate our techniques by running scientific applications on a cycle-level simulation system. The results show that our system executes stream programs as efficiently as possible, limited only by the ALU performance and the memory bandwidth needed to feed the ALUs. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： computer architecture

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Advanced extended-term simulation approach with flexible quas-isteady-state and dynamic semi-analytical simulation engines

iEnergy

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iEnergy 2022年第1期1卷 124-132页

作者： Rui Yao Dongbo Zhao A.P.Sakis Meliopoulos Chanan Singh Joydeep Mitra Feng Qiu Division of Energy Systems Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Sta-tionTX 77843USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

Power system simulations that extend over a time period of minutes,hours,or even longer are called extendedterm *** power systems evolve into complex systems with increasing interdependencies and richer dynamic behaviors across a wide range of timescales,extendedterm simulation is needed for many power system analysis tasks(e.g.,resilience analysis,renewable energy integration,cascading failures),and there is an urgent need for efficient and robust extendedterm simulation *** conventional approaches are insufficient for dealing with the extendedterm simulation of multitimescale *** paper proposes an extendedterm simulation approach based on the semianalytical simulation(SAS)*** accuracy and computational efficiency are backed by SAS's high accuracy in eventdriven simulation,larger and adaptive time steps,and flexible switching between fulldynamic and quasisteadystate(QSS)*** used this proposed extendedterm simulation approach to evaluate bulk power system restoration plans,and it demonstrates satisfactory accuracy and efficiency in this complex simulation task.

关键词： Extended-term simulation resilience multi-timescale simulation event-driven simulation dynamics quasi-steady-state(QSS) hybrid simulation holomorphic embedding(HE) semi-analytical simulation(SAS)

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Predicting climate change: A comparative analysis of time series models for CO 2 concentrations and temperature anomalies

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Environmental Modelling & Software 2025年 192卷

作者： Zahra Rezaei Sara Safi Samghabadi Mohammad Amin Amini Dingjing Shi Yaser Mike Banad School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Azad University Karaj Alborz Iran Department of Computer Engineering Azad University Jasb Markazi Iran Department of Psychology Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA Institute for Resilient Environmental and Energy Systems University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA Intelligent Neuromorphic and Quantum Understanding for Research and Engineering (INQUIRE) Laboratory University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

This study presents a novel, integrated modeling framework that combines machine learning (ML) techniques with physics-based approaches to forecast both CO 2 emissions and global temperature anomalies. Unlike prior research that typically addresses these components in isolation, this work concurrently applies and compares five advanced ML models—Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Facebook Prophet, and a hybrid CNN-LSTM—alongside two physics-based models: a zero-dimensional Energy Balance Model (EBM) and a simplified General Circulation Model (GCM) adapted from NASA's GISS *** monthly global datasets from January 2000 to April 2024, obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the models are evaluated based on predictive accuracy (RMSE, MSE, MAE, R 2 ), scalability, and interpretability. Prophet demonstrated the highest accuracy for CO 2 emission forecasting (RMSE = 0.035), while LSTM achieved the best performance in temperature anomaly prediction (RMSE = 0.086). Physics-based models provided interpretable and computationally efficient long-term projections but lacked short-term *** facilitate reproducibility and practical application, we developed ClimateChange-ML, an open-source software package that implements all proposed models, includes trained weights, and provides full documentation and visualization *** novelty of this work lies in its dual-modeling strategy and comprehensive comparative evaluation, highlighting the complementary strengths of data-driven and physically grounded methods. This integrated approach offers a more holistic framework for climate forecasting across multiple temporal scales, providing valuable insights for both scientific understanding and climate policy planning.

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A 553K-TRANSISTOR LISP PROCESSOR CHIP

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS 1987年第5期22卷 808-819页

作者： BOSSHART, PW HEWES, CR ALES, MD CHANG, MC CHAU, KK FASHAM, K HOAC, CC HOUSTON, TW KALYAN, V LUSKY, SL MAHANTSHETTI, SS MATZKE, DJ RUPAREL, KN SEXTON, JF SHAW, CH SRIDHAR, T STARK, D LEE, AL Texas Instruments Inc. Dallas TX USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL USA Siemens AG Munich Germany Computer Systems Laboratory University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

The authors describe a LISP microprocessor which includes over 550 K transistors, has 114 K of on-chip RAM, and runs instructions in a single 30-ns clock cycle. The chip is implemented in 1.25-/spl mu/m double-level-metal (DLM) CMOS, has 224 pins, and is packaged in a custom pin-grid array. The microinstruction and macroinstruction sets of this chip are compatible with an existing LISP processor. An extensive discussion of test features designed into the processor chip is given.

关键词： Clocks Instruments computer architecture Read-write memory Pins Packaging Process design Pipelines Senior members Microprocessors

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